Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite

Investigation of Electrochemical Coating of Polypyrrole in The Presence of Sodium Molybdate and Sodium Tungstate

Year 2024, Volume: 45 Issue: 4, 729 - 734, 30.12.2024

Asuman Ünal

https://doi.org/10.17776/csj.1491960

Abstract

Polymer composites are considered alternative material because they combine the advantages of all their components. Furthermore, polymer composites can exhibit unique electrochemical and physical properties, enabling their use in applications where metals may not be suitable. Polypyrrole, as a conductive polymer, is a promising candidate for synthesizing new composite materials due to its high electroactivity and ease of processing. Incorporating certain organic and inorganic species into polypyrrole matrices can enhance its electrochemical and physical properties. In the study, polypyrrole films were electrochemically coated in the presence of varying concentrations of sodium molybdate and sodium tungstate. The effects of these metal oxides on the growth of polypyrrole were analyzed, and the electrochemical properties of the resulting composite films were examined in monomer-free solutions. The findings indicate that molybdate and tungstate reduce film’s electroactivity, alter redox peaks, and lead to the formation of a new electrochemical film. The maximum anodic peak charge density for polypyrrole, polypyrrole/WO3 and polypyrrole/MoO4 films was 12.4 mC cm-2, 3.57 mC cm-2 and 3.14 mC cm-2, respectively. Additionally, the results demonstrated that an optimal amount of sodium tungstate enhances charge transfer while maintaining reversibility in redox reactions

Keywords

Polypyrrole Sodium tungstate Sodium molybdate Electrochemical deposition

References

  • [1] Inzelt G., Conducting Polymers: Past, Present, Future, Journal of Electrochemical Science and Engineering, 8(1) (2017) 3-37.
  • [2] Fan L.Z., Maier J., High-Performance Polypyrrole Electrode Materials for Redox Supercapacitors, Electrochemistry Communications, 8(6) (2006) 937-940.
  • [3] Muthulakshmi B., Kalpana D., Pitchumani S., Renganathan N.G., Electrochemical Deposition of Polypyrrole for Symmetric Supercapacitors, Journal of Power Sources, 158(2) (2006) 1533-1537.
  • [4] Mi H., Zhang X., Ye X., Yang S., Preparation and Enhanced Capacitance of Core-Shell Polypyrrole/Polyaniline Composite Electrode for Supercapacitors, Journal of Power Sources, 176(1) (2008) 403-409.
  • [5] Shinde V., Sainkar S.R, Patil P.P, Corrosion Protective Poly(o-Toluidine) Coatings on Copper, Corrosion Science, 47(6) (2005) 1352-1369.
  • [6] Gelling V.J., Wiest W.W, Tallman D.E., Bierwagen G.P., Wallace G.G., Electroactive-Conducting Polymers for Corrosion Control, Journal of Solid-State Electrochemistry, 6 (2001) 85-100.
  • [7] De León P.C., Campbell S.A., Smith J.R., Walsh F.C, Conducting Polymer Coatings in Electrochemical Technology Part 2 – Application Areas, Transactions of the IMF, 86(1) (2008) 35-40.
  • [8] Mu S., Pronounced Effect of The Ionic Liquid on The Electrochromic Property of The Polyaniline Film: Color Changes in The Wide Wavelength Range, Electrochimica Acta, 52(28) (2007) 7827-7834.
  • [9] Ohsaka T., Kunimura S., Oyama N., Electrode Kinetics of Poly (o-Aminophenol) Film Prepared by Electro-Oxidative Polymerization of o-Aminophenol and Its Electrochromic Properties, Electrochimica Acta, 33(5) (1988) 639-645.
  • [10] Syed A.A., Dinesan M.K., Review: Polyaniline-A Novel Polymeric Material, Talanta, 38(8) (1991) 815-837.
  • [11] Karthikeyan M., Satheeshkumar K.K., Elango K.P., Defluoridation of Water Via Doping of Polyanilines, Journal of Hazardous Materials, 163(2-3) (2009) 1026-1032.
  • [12] Wei Y., Focke W.W., Wnek G.E., Ray A., MacDiarmid A.G, Synthesis and Electrochemistry of Alkyl Ring-Substituted Polyanilines, The Journal of Physical Chemistry, 93(1) (1989) 495-499.
  • [13] González M.B, Saidman S.B, Electrodeposition of Polypyrrole On 316l Stainless Steel for Corrosion Prevention, Corrosion Science, 53(1) (2011) 276-282.
  • [14] Baker C.K., Reynolds J.R., A Quartz Microbalance Study of The Electrosynthesis of Polypyrrole, Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry and Interfacial Electrochemistry, 251(2) (1988) 307-322.
  • [15] Leclerc M., Faïd K., Electrical and Optical Properties of Processable Polythiophene Derivatives: Structure-Property Relationships, Advanced Materials, 9(14) (1997) 1087-1094.
  • [16] Szymanska D., Rutkowska I.A., Adamczyk L., Zoladek S., Kulesza P.J., Effective Charge Propagation and Storage in Hybrid Films of Tungsten Oxide and Poly(3,4-Ethylenedioxythiophene), Journal of Solid-State Electrochemistry, 14 (2010) 2049-2056.
  • [17] Li T., Zhou Y., Dou Z., Ding L., Dong S., Liu N., Qin Z., Composite Nanofibers by Coating Polypyrrole on The Surface of Polyaniline Nanofibers Formed In Presence Of Phenylenediamine As Electrode Materials In Neutral Electrolyte, Electrochimica Acta, 243 (2017) 228-238.
  • [18] Campbell S.A., Li Y., Breakspear S., Walsh F.C., Smith J.R., Conducting Polymer Coatings in Electrochemical Technology Part 1 – Synthesis and Fundamental Aspects, Transactions of the IMF, 85(5) (2007) 237-244.
  • [19] Alshammary B., Walsh F.C, Herrasti P., Ponce de Leon C., Electrodeposited Conductive Polymers for Controlled Drug Release: Polypyrrole, Journal of Solid-State Electrochemistry, 20 (2016) 839-859.
  • [20] Amiri M., Alizadeh N., Highly Photosensitive Near Infrared Photodetector Based on Polypyrrole Nanoparticle Incorporated with CdS Quantum Dots, Materials Science in Semiconductor Processing, 111 (2020) 104964.
  • [21] Bu C., Tai Q., Liu Y., Guo S., Zhao X., A Transparent and Stable Polypyrrole Counter Electrode for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell, Journal of Power Sources, 221 (2013) 78-83.
  • [22] Khan M.A., Ishrat U., Dar A.M., Ahmad A., Structural, Electrical, Optical and Analytical Applications of Newly Synthesized Polyaniline-Based Nickel Molybdate Composite, Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 636 (2015) 124-130.
  • [23] Hammad A.S., Noby H., Elkady M.F., El-Shazly A.H., In-situ Polymerization of Polyaniline/Polypyrrole Copolymer Using Different Techniques, IOP Conference Series Materials Science and Engineering, 290 (2018) 012001.
  • [24] Chaudhary V., Kaur A., Enhanced and Selective Ammonia Sensing Behaviour of Poly(aniline-co-pyrrole) Nanospheres Chemically Oxidative Polymerized At Low Temperature, Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, 26 (2015) 143-148.
  • [25] Kumar R., Gupta P.K., Agrawal A., Nagarale R.K., Sharma A., Hydrothermally Synthesized Reduced Graphene Oxide-NiWO4 Nanocomposite For Lithium-Ion Battery Anode, Journal of The Electrochemical Society, 164 (2017).
  • [26] Wang X.X., Li Y., Liu M.C., Bin Kong L., Fabrication and Electrochemical Investigation of MWO4 (M = Co, Ni) Nanoparticles As High-Performance Anode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries, Ionics, 24 (2018) 363-372.
  • [27] Park J.S., Cho J.S., Kang Y.C, Scalable Synthesis of Nimoo4 Microspheres with Numerous Empty Nanovoids as An Advanced Anode Material for Li-Ion Batteries, Journal of Power Sources, 379 (2018) 278-287.
  • [28] Peng T., Liu C., Hou X., Zhang Z., Wang C., Yan H., Lu Y., Liu X., Luo Y., Control Growth of Mesoporous Nickel Tungstate Nanofiber and Its Application as Anode Material for Lithium-Ion Batteries, Electrochimica Acta, 224 (2017) 460-467.
  • [29] Balaraju J.N., Raman N., Manikandanath N.T., Nanocrystalline Electroless Nickel Poly-Alloy Deposition: Incorporation of W And Mo, Transactions of the Institute of Metal Finishing, 92(3) (2014) 169-176.
  • [30] Unal, A.R. Hillman, K.S. Ryder, S. Cihangir, Highly Efficient Defluoridation of Water Through Reusable Poly(aniline-co-o-Aminophenol) Copolymer Modified Electrode Using Electrochemical Quartz Crystal Microbalance, Journal of The Electrochemical Society, 168(2) (2021) 022502.

Year 2024, Volume: 45 Issue: 4, 729 - 734, 30.12.2024

Asuman Ünal

https://doi.org/10.17776/csj.1491960

Abstract

References

  • [1] Inzelt G., Conducting Polymers: Past, Present, Future, Journal of Electrochemical Science and Engineering, 8(1) (2017) 3-37.
  • [2] Fan L.Z., Maier J., High-Performance Polypyrrole Electrode Materials for Redox Supercapacitors, Electrochemistry Communications, 8(6) (2006) 937-940.
  • [3] Muthulakshmi B., Kalpana D., Pitchumani S., Renganathan N.G., Electrochemical Deposition of Polypyrrole for Symmetric Supercapacitors, Journal of Power Sources, 158(2) (2006) 1533-1537.
  • [4] Mi H., Zhang X., Ye X., Yang S., Preparation and Enhanced Capacitance of Core-Shell Polypyrrole/Polyaniline Composite Electrode for Supercapacitors, Journal of Power Sources, 176(1) (2008) 403-409.
  • [5] Shinde V., Sainkar S.R, Patil P.P, Corrosion Protective Poly(o-Toluidine) Coatings on Copper, Corrosion Science, 47(6) (2005) 1352-1369.
  • [6] Gelling V.J., Wiest W.W, Tallman D.E., Bierwagen G.P., Wallace G.G., Electroactive-Conducting Polymers for Corrosion Control, Journal of Solid-State Electrochemistry, 6 (2001) 85-100.
  • [7] De León P.C., Campbell S.A., Smith J.R., Walsh F.C, Conducting Polymer Coatings in Electrochemical Technology Part 2 – Application Areas, Transactions of the IMF, 86(1) (2008) 35-40.
  • [8] Mu S., Pronounced Effect of The Ionic Liquid on The Electrochromic Property of The Polyaniline Film: Color Changes in The Wide Wavelength Range, Electrochimica Acta, 52(28) (2007) 7827-7834.
  • [9] Ohsaka T., Kunimura S., Oyama N., Electrode Kinetics of Poly (o-Aminophenol) Film Prepared by Electro-Oxidative Polymerization of o-Aminophenol and Its Electrochromic Properties, Electrochimica Acta, 33(5) (1988) 639-645.
  • [10] Syed A.A., Dinesan M.K., Review: Polyaniline-A Novel Polymeric Material, Talanta, 38(8) (1991) 815-837.
  • [11] Karthikeyan M., Satheeshkumar K.K., Elango K.P., Defluoridation of Water Via Doping of Polyanilines, Journal of Hazardous Materials, 163(2-3) (2009) 1026-1032.
  • [12] Wei Y., Focke W.W., Wnek G.E., Ray A., MacDiarmid A.G, Synthesis and Electrochemistry of Alkyl Ring-Substituted Polyanilines, The Journal of Physical Chemistry, 93(1) (1989) 495-499.
  • [13] González M.B, Saidman S.B, Electrodeposition of Polypyrrole On 316l Stainless Steel for Corrosion Prevention, Corrosion Science, 53(1) (2011) 276-282.
  • [14] Baker C.K., Reynolds J.R., A Quartz Microbalance Study of The Electrosynthesis of Polypyrrole, Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry and Interfacial Electrochemistry, 251(2) (1988) 307-322.
  • [15] Leclerc M., Faïd K., Electrical and Optical Properties of Processable Polythiophene Derivatives: Structure-Property Relationships, Advanced Materials, 9(14) (1997) 1087-1094.
  • [16] Szymanska D., Rutkowska I.A., Adamczyk L., Zoladek S., Kulesza P.J., Effective Charge Propagation and Storage in Hybrid Films of Tungsten Oxide and Poly(3,4-Ethylenedioxythiophene), Journal of Solid-State Electrochemistry, 14 (2010) 2049-2056.
  • [17] Li T., Zhou Y., Dou Z., Ding L., Dong S., Liu N., Qin Z., Composite Nanofibers by Coating Polypyrrole on The Surface of Polyaniline Nanofibers Formed In Presence Of Phenylenediamine As Electrode Materials In Neutral Electrolyte, Electrochimica Acta, 243 (2017) 228-238.
  • [18] Campbell S.A., Li Y., Breakspear S., Walsh F.C., Smith J.R., Conducting Polymer Coatings in Electrochemical Technology Part 1 – Synthesis and Fundamental Aspects, Transactions of the IMF, 85(5) (2007) 237-244.
  • [19] Alshammary B., Walsh F.C, Herrasti P., Ponce de Leon C., Electrodeposited Conductive Polymers for Controlled Drug Release: Polypyrrole, Journal of Solid-State Electrochemistry, 20 (2016) 839-859.
  • [20] Amiri M., Alizadeh N., Highly Photosensitive Near Infrared Photodetector Based on Polypyrrole Nanoparticle Incorporated with CdS Quantum Dots, Materials Science in Semiconductor Processing, 111 (2020) 104964.
  • [21] Bu C., Tai Q., Liu Y., Guo S., Zhao X., A Transparent and Stable Polypyrrole Counter Electrode for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell, Journal of Power Sources, 221 (2013) 78-83.
  • [22] Khan M.A., Ishrat U., Dar A.M., Ahmad A., Structural, Electrical, Optical and Analytical Applications of Newly Synthesized Polyaniline-Based Nickel Molybdate Composite, Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 636 (2015) 124-130.
  • [23] Hammad A.S., Noby H., Elkady M.F., El-Shazly A.H., In-situ Polymerization of Polyaniline/Polypyrrole Copolymer Using Different Techniques, IOP Conference Series Materials Science and Engineering, 290 (2018) 012001.
  • [24] Chaudhary V., Kaur A., Enhanced and Selective Ammonia Sensing Behaviour of Poly(aniline-co-pyrrole) Nanospheres Chemically Oxidative Polymerized At Low Temperature, Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, 26 (2015) 143-148.
  • [25] Kumar R., Gupta P.K., Agrawal A., Nagarale R.K., Sharma A., Hydrothermally Synthesized Reduced Graphene Oxide-NiWO4 Nanocomposite For Lithium-Ion Battery Anode, Journal of The Electrochemical Society, 164 (2017).
  • [26] Wang X.X., Li Y., Liu M.C., Bin Kong L., Fabrication and Electrochemical Investigation of MWO4 (M = Co, Ni) Nanoparticles As High-Performance Anode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries, Ionics, 24 (2018) 363-372.
  • [27] Park J.S., Cho J.S., Kang Y.C, Scalable Synthesis of Nimoo4 Microspheres with Numerous Empty Nanovoids as An Advanced Anode Material for Li-Ion Batteries, Journal of Power Sources, 379 (2018) 278-287.
  • [28] Peng T., Liu C., Hou X., Zhang Z., Wang C., Yan H., Lu Y., Liu X., Luo Y., Control Growth of Mesoporous Nickel Tungstate Nanofiber and Its Application as Anode Material for Lithium-Ion Batteries, Electrochimica Acta, 224 (2017) 460-467.
  • [29] Balaraju J.N., Raman N., Manikandanath N.T., Nanocrystalline Electroless Nickel Poly-Alloy Deposition: Incorporation of W And Mo, Transactions of the Institute of Metal Finishing, 92(3) (2014) 169-176.
  • [30] Unal, A.R. Hillman, K.S. Ryder, S. Cihangir, Highly Efficient Defluoridation of Water Through Reusable Poly(aniline-co-o-Aminophenol) Copolymer Modified Electrode Using Electrochemical Quartz Crystal Microbalance, Journal of The Electrochemical Society, 168(2) (2021) 022502.
There are 30 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Electroanalytical Chemistry
Journal Section Natural Sciences
Authors

Asuman Ünal 0000-0002-8850-7150

Publication Date December 30, 2024
Submission Date June 11, 2024
Acceptance Date December 2, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024Volume: 45 Issue: 4

Cite

APA Ünal, A. (2024). Investigation of Electrochemical Coating of Polypyrrole in The Presence of Sodium Molybdate and Sodium Tungstate. Cumhuriyet Science Journal, 45(4), 729-734. https://doi.org/10.17776/csj.1491960
 Download Cover Image