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Investigation of Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities of some Lichens

Year 2023, Volume: 44 Issue: 3, 418 - 429, 29.09.2023

Dilek Us , Ayşe Kara , Elif Ünal , Hülya Akıncıoğlu , Ali Aslan , Mesut Taşkın

https://doi.org/10.17776/csj.1317923

Abstract

This study investigated the antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of methanol extracts from five lichen species: Polycauliona candelaria (Syn. Xanthoria candelaria), Nephromopsis chlorophylla (Syn. Cetraria chlorophylla), Circinaria calcarea (Syn. Aspicilia calcarea), Bryoria capillaris (Syn. Alectoria cana), and Peltigera canina (Syn. Dermatodea canina). Antimicrobial activities were determined using the agar disc diffusion method, while minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values were determined using the micro-well dilution method. Among the lichen species, methanol extract of Circinaria calcarea exhibited the highest antimicrobial activity, with a 15 mm zone of inhibition against Escherichia coli and Bacillus cereus. It also demonstrated the lowest MIC value (31.25 μg/mL) against Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis, Clostridium perfringens and Escherichia coli were the most sensitive microorganisms to lichens. Various antioxidant determination methods were employed to assess the antioxidant activities of the lichens, including ferric ion (Fe+3) reduction capacity, cupric ion (Cu+2) reduction capacity, ferric ion reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), DPPH radical scavenging activity, DMPD radical scavenging activity and metal chelating activity using the bipyridyl reagent. All lichens exhibited excellent antioxidant activity, particularly in metal chelating activity using the bipyridyl reagent. Peltigera canina demonstrated the highest antioxidant activity among the studied lichen species across most of the applied method.

Keywords

Antimicrobial activity Antioxidant activity Lichen.

References

  • [1] Negi H.R., Lichens: A valuable bioresource for environmental monitoring and sustainable development, Resonance, 8(1) (2003) 51-58.
  • [2] Molnár K., Farkas E., Current results on biological activities of lichen secondary metabolites: a review, Z. Naturforsch. C., 65 (2010 )157-173.
  • [3] Bhattacharyya S., Deep P.R., Singh S., Nayak B., Lichen secondary metabolites and ıts biological activity, Am. J. Pharmtech. Res., 6(6) (2016) 29-44.
  • [4] Murugesan P., Phytochemical analysis and antimicrobial activity of edible lichen, J. Drug Deliv. Ther., 10 (2020) 102-104.
  • [5] Kocovic A., Jeremic J., Bradic J., Sovrlic M., Tomovic J., Vasiljevic P., Andjic M., Draginic N., Grujovic M., Mladenovic K., Baskic D., Popovic S., Matic S., Zivkovic V., Jeremic N., Jakovljevic V. Manojlovic N., Phytochemical analysis, antioxidant, antimicrobial and cytotoxic Activity of different extracts of Xanthoparmelia stenophylla lichen from Stara Planina, Serbia, Plants, 11(1624) (2022) 1-26.
  • [6] Oksanen I. Ecological and biotechnological aspects of lichens, Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 73 (2006) 723-734.
  • [7] Çobanoğlu G., Geçmişten bugüne İstanbul liken çalışmaları üzerine bir derleme, Bağbahçe Bilim Dergisi, Marmara Üniversitesi, Fen Edebiyat Fakültesi, Biyoloji Bölümü, 8(1) (2021) 259-266.
  • [8] Pradhan S., Dash S., Parida S., Sahoo B. and Rath B., Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities and GC/MSbased phytochemical analysis of two traditional Lichen species Trypethellium virens and Phaeographis dendritica, J. Genet. Eng. Biotechnol. , 21(41) (2023) 1-18.
  • [9] Odabaşoğlu F., Likenler. Pharma Şark, Eczacı Odası Yayınları, 3 (2001) 16-19.
  • [10] Kosanıć M., Šeklıć D., Markovıć S.and Rankovıć, B. Evaluatıon of antıoxıdant, antımıcrobıal and antıcancer propertıes of selected lıchens from Serbia, Dig. J. Nanomater. Biostructures, 9(1) (2014) 273 – 287.
  • [11] Aoussar N., Laasri F.E., Bourhia M., Manoljovic N., Mhand R.A., Rhallabi N., UllahR., Shahat A.A., Noman O.M., Nasr F.A., Almarfadi O.M., El Mzibri M., Vasiljevi´c P., Benbacer L. And Mellouki. F., Phytochemical analysis, cytotoxic, antioxidant, and antibacterial activities of lichens, Evid.-based Complement. Altern. Med., (2020) 1-11.
  • [12] Aslan A., Güllüce M., Sökmen M., Adıgüzel A., Şahin F. and Özkan H., Antioxsidant and antimicrobial properties of the lichens Cladonia Foliacea, Dermatocarpon Miniatum, Everinia Divaricata, Evernia Prunastri and Neofuscella pulla, Pharm. Biol., 44 (4) (2006) 247-252.
  • [13] Paudel B., Bhattarai H. D, Lee J.S., Hong S.G., Shin H. W. and Yim, J.H., Antibacterial potential of Antarctic lichens against human pathogenic gram-positive bacteria, Phytother. Res., 22 (2008) 1269-1271.
  • [14] Zeybek U., John V., Likenler (Lichens), Kimyasal Bileşikleri ve Tıbbi Kullanımları, Pharmacia-JTPA, (1992) 37-48.
  • [15] Dülger B., Gücin F.and Aslan A., Cetraria İslandica (L.) Ach. Likeninin antimikrobiyal aktivitesi, Turk. J. Biol., 22 (1998) 111-118.
  • [16] Baytop T., Türkiye’de Bitkiler ile Tedavi, Nobel Tıp Kitapevleri, (1999) 480 , İstanbul.
  • [17] Clauzade G., Roux C, Likenoj De Okcidenta Europo. Ilustrita Determinlibro. Bulletin De La Societe Botanique Du Centre-Ouest, Nouvelle Serie, Numero Special, 7 (1985) 893.
  • [18] Purvis O.W., Coppins B.J., Hawksworth D. L., James P.W., Moore D.M, The Lichen Flora of Great Britain and Ireland. Natural History Museum Publications in association with The British Lichen Society, London, England, (1992) 710.
  • [19] Dobson F., Lichens: An Illustrated Guide To The British And Irish Species 4th Edition. Richmond Publishing Company, Slough, (2000) 431.
  • [20] Brodo I.M., Sharnoff S.D. and Sharnoff S., Lichens of North America. Yale University Press, xxiii, New Haven, (2001) 795.
  • [21] Gücin F., Dülger B. and Aslan, A., 1997a. Pseudevernia Furfuracea (L.) Zopf Likeninin antimikrobiyal aktivitesi, Ekoloji Çevre Dergisi, 25 (1997) 22-24.
  • [22] Rankovic´ B., Mišic´ M.and Sukdolak S., Antimicrobial activity of extracts of the lichens Cladonia furcata, Parmelia caperata, Parmelia pertusa, Hypogymnia physodes and Umbilicaria polyphylla, Biologia, 64(1) (2009) 53-58.
  • [23] Gulluce M., Aslan A., Sokmen M., Sahin F., Adiguzel A., Agar G., Sokmen, A., Screening the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of the lichens Parmelia saxatilis, Platismatia glauca, Ramalina pollinaria, Ramalina polymorpha and Umbilicaria nylanderiana, Phytomedicine, 13 (2006) 515–521.
  • [24] Altundağ Ş., Karahan A., Aksu P., Kılınç A.O., İnvitro koşullarda Satureja cuneifolia Ten. uçucu yağının bazı buğday patojeni bakteriler üzerine antibakteriyel etkisinin araştırılması, Bitki Koruma Bülteni, 50 (2010) 25-33.
  • [25] Oyaizu, M., Studies on product of browning reaction prepared from glucose amine, Jpn J. Nut., 44 (1986)307-315.
  • [26] Apak R., Güçlü K., Özyürek M., Karademir S.E., Erça E., The Cupric ion reducing antioxidant capacity and polyphenolic content of some herbal teas, Int. J. Food Sci. Nutr.,57 (2006) 292–304.
  • [27] Re R., Pellegrini N., Proteggente A., Pannala A., Yang M. and Rice-Evans, C. 1999. Antioxidant activity applying an ımproved abts radical cation decolorization assay, Free Radic. Biol. Med., 26 (1999) 1231-1237.
  • [28] Blois M.S. Antioxidant deteminations by the use of a stable free radical, Nature, 26(1958) 1199-1200.
  • [29] Fogliano V., Verde V., Randazzo G.and Ritiene, A., Method for measuring antioxidant activity and its application to monitoring the antioxidant capacity of wines, J. Agric. Food Chem., 47 (1999) 1035-1040.
  • [30] Odabaşoğlu F., Aslan A., Çakır A., Süleyman H., Karagöz Y., Halıcı M.and Bayir, Y., Comparison of antioxidant activity and phenolic content of three lichens species, Phytother. Res., 18 (2004) 938-941.
  • [31] KaragözA., DoğruözN., Zeybek Z.and Aslan, A. Antibacterial activity of some lichen extracts, J. Med. Plant Res., 3(12) (2009) 1034-1039.
  • [32] Ali-Shtayeh M.S., Yaghmour M.R., Faidi Y.R., Salem, K. and Al-Nuri, M.A., Antimicrobial activity of 20 plants used in folkloric medicine in the Palestinian area, J. Ethnopharmacol., 60(3) (1998), 265-271.
  • [33] Nikaido H, Molecular basis of bacterial outer membrane permeability revisited, Microbiology & Molecular Biology Review, 67 (2003) 593-656.
  • [34] Rankovic, B., Misic, M., Sukdolak, S., Evaluation of Antimicrobial Activity Of The Lichens Lasalia Pustulata, Parmelia Sulcata, Umbilicaria Crustulosa and Umblicaria Cylindrica, Microbiology, 76(6) (2007) 723-727.
  • [35] Gücin F., Öztürk Ş., Dülger B.and Güvenç, Ş. Umbilicaria Crustulosa (Ach.) Frey’nin Antimikrobiyal aktivitesi üzerine bir araştırma, Ekoloji Çevre Dergisi, 24 (1997) 21-24.
  • [36] Negi P.S., Jayaprakasha G.K., Jagan Mohan Rao L., Sakariah K.K., Antibacterial activity of turmeric oil: a byproduct from curcumin manufacture, J. Agric. Food Chem., 47(1999) 4297-4300.
  • [37] Uçarkuş E., Gökalsın B., Yıldırım N., Açıkgöz B., Özyiğitoğlu G.and Sesal, N.C., Balıkesir bölgesinden toplanan liken örneklerine ait özütlerin Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 Üzerindeki antibakteriyal etkinlikleri, Türk Mikrobiyoloji Cemiyeti Dergisi, 47(1) (2017) 26-32.
  • [38] Manojlovic N.T., Vasiljevic P.J., Maskovic P.Z., Juskovic, M., Bogdanovic-Dusanovic, G., Chemical composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of lichen Umbilicaria cylindrica (L.) Delise (Umbilicariaceae). Evid.-based Complement. Altern. Med., (2012) 1-8.
  • [39] Güneş Yücel D., Özyiğitoğlu G., Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activities of the Lichen Species Ramalina calicaris (L.) Fr, Marmara Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 3 (2018) 269-275
  • [40] Gülçin İ., Oktay M., Küfrevioğlu Ö.İ. and Aslan A. Determination of Antioxidant Activity Of Lichen Cetraria İslandica (L) Ach., J Ethnopharmacol., 79(3) (2002) 325-329.

Year 2023, Volume: 44 Issue: 3, 418 - 429, 29.09.2023

Dilek Us , Ayşe Kara , Elif Ünal , Hülya Akıncıoğlu , Ali Aslan , Mesut Taşkın

https://doi.org/10.17776/csj.1317923

Abstract

References

  • [1] Negi H.R., Lichens: A valuable bioresource for environmental monitoring and sustainable development, Resonance, 8(1) (2003) 51-58.
  • [2] Molnár K., Farkas E., Current results on biological activities of lichen secondary metabolites: a review, Z. Naturforsch. C., 65 (2010 )157-173.
  • [3] Bhattacharyya S., Deep P.R., Singh S., Nayak B., Lichen secondary metabolites and ıts biological activity, Am. J. Pharmtech. Res., 6(6) (2016) 29-44.
  • [4] Murugesan P., Phytochemical analysis and antimicrobial activity of edible lichen, J. Drug Deliv. Ther., 10 (2020) 102-104.
  • [5] Kocovic A., Jeremic J., Bradic J., Sovrlic M., Tomovic J., Vasiljevic P., Andjic M., Draginic N., Grujovic M., Mladenovic K., Baskic D., Popovic S., Matic S., Zivkovic V., Jeremic N., Jakovljevic V. Manojlovic N., Phytochemical analysis, antioxidant, antimicrobial and cytotoxic Activity of different extracts of Xanthoparmelia stenophylla lichen from Stara Planina, Serbia, Plants, 11(1624) (2022) 1-26.
  • [6] Oksanen I. Ecological and biotechnological aspects of lichens, Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 73 (2006) 723-734.
  • [7] Çobanoğlu G., Geçmişten bugüne İstanbul liken çalışmaları üzerine bir derleme, Bağbahçe Bilim Dergisi, Marmara Üniversitesi, Fen Edebiyat Fakültesi, Biyoloji Bölümü, 8(1) (2021) 259-266.
  • [8] Pradhan S., Dash S., Parida S., Sahoo B. and Rath B., Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities and GC/MSbased phytochemical analysis of two traditional Lichen species Trypethellium virens and Phaeographis dendritica, J. Genet. Eng. Biotechnol. , 21(41) (2023) 1-18.
  • [9] Odabaşoğlu F., Likenler. Pharma Şark, Eczacı Odası Yayınları, 3 (2001) 16-19.
  • [10] Kosanıć M., Šeklıć D., Markovıć S.and Rankovıć, B. Evaluatıon of antıoxıdant, antımıcrobıal and antıcancer propertıes of selected lıchens from Serbia, Dig. J. Nanomater. Biostructures, 9(1) (2014) 273 – 287.
  • [11] Aoussar N., Laasri F.E., Bourhia M., Manoljovic N., Mhand R.A., Rhallabi N., UllahR., Shahat A.A., Noman O.M., Nasr F.A., Almarfadi O.M., El Mzibri M., Vasiljevi´c P., Benbacer L. And Mellouki. F., Phytochemical analysis, cytotoxic, antioxidant, and antibacterial activities of lichens, Evid.-based Complement. Altern. Med., (2020) 1-11.
  • [12] Aslan A., Güllüce M., Sökmen M., Adıgüzel A., Şahin F. and Özkan H., Antioxsidant and antimicrobial properties of the lichens Cladonia Foliacea, Dermatocarpon Miniatum, Everinia Divaricata, Evernia Prunastri and Neofuscella pulla, Pharm. Biol., 44 (4) (2006) 247-252.
  • [13] Paudel B., Bhattarai H. D, Lee J.S., Hong S.G., Shin H. W. and Yim, J.H., Antibacterial potential of Antarctic lichens against human pathogenic gram-positive bacteria, Phytother. Res., 22 (2008) 1269-1271.
  • [14] Zeybek U., John V., Likenler (Lichens), Kimyasal Bileşikleri ve Tıbbi Kullanımları, Pharmacia-JTPA, (1992) 37-48.
  • [15] Dülger B., Gücin F.and Aslan A., Cetraria İslandica (L.) Ach. Likeninin antimikrobiyal aktivitesi, Turk. J. Biol., 22 (1998) 111-118.
  • [16] Baytop T., Türkiye’de Bitkiler ile Tedavi, Nobel Tıp Kitapevleri, (1999) 480 , İstanbul.
  • [17] Clauzade G., Roux C, Likenoj De Okcidenta Europo. Ilustrita Determinlibro. Bulletin De La Societe Botanique Du Centre-Ouest, Nouvelle Serie, Numero Special, 7 (1985) 893.
  • [18] Purvis O.W., Coppins B.J., Hawksworth D. L., James P.W., Moore D.M, The Lichen Flora of Great Britain and Ireland. Natural History Museum Publications in association with The British Lichen Society, London, England, (1992) 710.
  • [19] Dobson F., Lichens: An Illustrated Guide To The British And Irish Species 4th Edition. Richmond Publishing Company, Slough, (2000) 431.
  • [20] Brodo I.M., Sharnoff S.D. and Sharnoff S., Lichens of North America. Yale University Press, xxiii, New Haven, (2001) 795.
  • [21] Gücin F., Dülger B. and Aslan, A., 1997a. Pseudevernia Furfuracea (L.) Zopf Likeninin antimikrobiyal aktivitesi, Ekoloji Çevre Dergisi, 25 (1997) 22-24.
  • [22] Rankovic´ B., Mišic´ M.and Sukdolak S., Antimicrobial activity of extracts of the lichens Cladonia furcata, Parmelia caperata, Parmelia pertusa, Hypogymnia physodes and Umbilicaria polyphylla, Biologia, 64(1) (2009) 53-58.
  • [23] Gulluce M., Aslan A., Sokmen M., Sahin F., Adiguzel A., Agar G., Sokmen, A., Screening the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of the lichens Parmelia saxatilis, Platismatia glauca, Ramalina pollinaria, Ramalina polymorpha and Umbilicaria nylanderiana, Phytomedicine, 13 (2006) 515–521.
  • [24] Altundağ Ş., Karahan A., Aksu P., Kılınç A.O., İnvitro koşullarda Satureja cuneifolia Ten. uçucu yağının bazı buğday patojeni bakteriler üzerine antibakteriyel etkisinin araştırılması, Bitki Koruma Bülteni, 50 (2010) 25-33.
  • [25] Oyaizu, M., Studies on product of browning reaction prepared from glucose amine, Jpn J. Nut., 44 (1986)307-315.
  • [26] Apak R., Güçlü K., Özyürek M., Karademir S.E., Erça E., The Cupric ion reducing antioxidant capacity and polyphenolic content of some herbal teas, Int. J. Food Sci. Nutr.,57 (2006) 292–304.
  • [27] Re R., Pellegrini N., Proteggente A., Pannala A., Yang M. and Rice-Evans, C. 1999. Antioxidant activity applying an ımproved abts radical cation decolorization assay, Free Radic. Biol. Med., 26 (1999) 1231-1237.
  • [28] Blois M.S. Antioxidant deteminations by the use of a stable free radical, Nature, 26(1958) 1199-1200.
  • [29] Fogliano V., Verde V., Randazzo G.and Ritiene, A., Method for measuring antioxidant activity and its application to monitoring the antioxidant capacity of wines, J. Agric. Food Chem., 47 (1999) 1035-1040.
  • [30] Odabaşoğlu F., Aslan A., Çakır A., Süleyman H., Karagöz Y., Halıcı M.and Bayir, Y., Comparison of antioxidant activity and phenolic content of three lichens species, Phytother. Res., 18 (2004) 938-941.
  • [31] KaragözA., DoğruözN., Zeybek Z.and Aslan, A. Antibacterial activity of some lichen extracts, J. Med. Plant Res., 3(12) (2009) 1034-1039.
  • [32] Ali-Shtayeh M.S., Yaghmour M.R., Faidi Y.R., Salem, K. and Al-Nuri, M.A., Antimicrobial activity of 20 plants used in folkloric medicine in the Palestinian area, J. Ethnopharmacol., 60(3) (1998), 265-271.
  • [33] Nikaido H, Molecular basis of bacterial outer membrane permeability revisited, Microbiology & Molecular Biology Review, 67 (2003) 593-656.
  • [34] Rankovic, B., Misic, M., Sukdolak, S., Evaluation of Antimicrobial Activity Of The Lichens Lasalia Pustulata, Parmelia Sulcata, Umbilicaria Crustulosa and Umblicaria Cylindrica, Microbiology, 76(6) (2007) 723-727.
  • [35] Gücin F., Öztürk Ş., Dülger B.and Güvenç, Ş. Umbilicaria Crustulosa (Ach.) Frey’nin Antimikrobiyal aktivitesi üzerine bir araştırma, Ekoloji Çevre Dergisi, 24 (1997) 21-24.
  • [36] Negi P.S., Jayaprakasha G.K., Jagan Mohan Rao L., Sakariah K.K., Antibacterial activity of turmeric oil: a byproduct from curcumin manufacture, J. Agric. Food Chem., 47(1999) 4297-4300.
  • [37] Uçarkuş E., Gökalsın B., Yıldırım N., Açıkgöz B., Özyiğitoğlu G.and Sesal, N.C., Balıkesir bölgesinden toplanan liken örneklerine ait özütlerin Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 Üzerindeki antibakteriyal etkinlikleri, Türk Mikrobiyoloji Cemiyeti Dergisi, 47(1) (2017) 26-32.
  • [38] Manojlovic N.T., Vasiljevic P.J., Maskovic P.Z., Juskovic, M., Bogdanovic-Dusanovic, G., Chemical composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of lichen Umbilicaria cylindrica (L.) Delise (Umbilicariaceae). Evid.-based Complement. Altern. Med., (2012) 1-8.
  • [39] Güneş Yücel D., Özyiğitoğlu G., Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activities of the Lichen Species Ramalina calicaris (L.) Fr, Marmara Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 3 (2018) 269-275
  • [40] Gülçin İ., Oktay M., Küfrevioğlu Ö.İ. and Aslan A. Determination of Antioxidant Activity Of Lichen Cetraria İslandica (L) Ach., J Ethnopharmacol., 79(3) (2002) 325-329.
There are 40 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Biochemistry and Cell Biology (Other)
Journal Section Natural Sciences
Authors

Dilek Us 0009-0007-2374-2276

Ayşe Kara 0000-0002-1889-3498

Elif Ünal 0009-0004-5228-7223

Hülya Akıncıoğlu 0000-0001-5453-0953

Ali Aslan 0000-0002-5122-6646

Mesut Taşkın 0000-0002-9350-9628

Publication Date September 29, 2023
Submission Date June 21, 2023
Acceptance Date September 18, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023Volume: 44 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Us, D., Kara, A., Ünal, E., Akıncıoğlu, H., et al. (2023). Investigation of Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities of some Lichens. Cumhuriyet Science Journal, 44(3), 418-429. https://doi.org/10.17776/csj.1317923
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