Determination of the Genotoxicity of the Soil in the Aydın Region Irrigated by Büyük Menderes River by the Allium Test System

Zahide Şahin; Serdar Koca

doi:10.17776/csj.405712

EN TR

Determination of the Genotoxicity of the Soil in the Aydın Region Irrigated by Büyük Menderes River by the Allium Test System

Abstract

Nowadays, one of the most important problems is environmental pollution. Environmental pollution in the Büyük Menderes River-basin, which is one of the agricultural fields in Turkey, has reached important dimensions. B. Menderes River which waters B. Menderes River-basin and fields around it is contaminated by various sources.

In this study the genotoxicity of the soil samples taken from three different regions in two different months (September 2006 and March 2007) in the Aydın region of B. Menderes River-basin was researched with the Allium test.

The soil samples were taken from the lands watered by the B. Menderes River and Çine Stream; the fields near the B. Menderes Bridge (on the Muğla main road), the Çine Stream, and the Koçarlı Bridge in September and March. 25%, 50%, 100% concentrations were prepared diluting these samples and onions (Allium cepa L.) were rooted. At the end of the studies, the decrease in the mitotic index was found to be statistically important according to the control in all the doses except 25% of the Çine doses in September and March.

The study soil samples taken from the three different regions in two different months caused structural chromosomal aberrations such as anaphase bridge, fragment, stickiness, and polar deviation in the Allium cepa L. root tip cells. It has been emphasized that the difference in all the doses except for 25% Menderes, 25% Koçarlı, 50% doses in September and 25% Çine, 25% Menderes, 25%, 25% Koçarlı, Koçarlı, 50% doses in March are important according to the control in the total chromosomal aberrations.

Keywords

Genotoxicity,Mitotic index,Chromosome aberrations,Allium test

Büyük Menderes Nehri ile Sulanan Aydın Bölgesi’ndeki Toprakların Genotoksisitesinin Allium Test Sistemi ile Belirlenmesi

Öz

Günümüzün en önemli sorunlarından biri çevre kirliliğidir. Ülkemizin önemli tarım alanlarından biri olan Büyük Menderes Havzasındaki çevre kirliliği önemli boyutlara ulaşmıştır. Büyük Menderes Havzasını sulayan Büyük Menderes Nehri ve çevresindeki topraklar çeşitli kaynaklar tarafından kirletilmektedir.

Bu çalışmada Büyük Menderes Havzasının Aydın bölgesinde üç farklı bölgeden iki farklı ayda (Eylül 2006, Mart 2007) alınan toprak örneklerinin genotoksisitesi Allium test ile araştırılmıştır.

Büyük Menderes Nehri ve Çine Çayının sularıyla sulanan topraklardan; Büyük Menderes Köprüsü (Muğla Yolu üzeri), Çine Çayı ve Koçarlı Köprüsü yanındaki tarlalardan Eylül ve Mart aylarında toprak örnekleri alınmıştır. Bu örnekler sulandırılarak %25, %50 ve %100'lük konsantrasyonlar hazırlanmış ve soğanlar (Allium cepa L.) bu sularda köklendirilmiştir.

Yapılan incelemeler sonunda Eylül ve Mart ayları Çine %25'lik dozlar dışındaki tüm dozlarda kontrole göre mitotik indeksteki düşüş istatistiki olarak önemli çıkmıştır. Çalışmamızda iki farklı ayda üç farklı bölgeden alınan toprak örnekleri Allium cepa L. (soğan) kök ucu hücrelerinde anafaz köprüsü, fragment, kromozom yapışması ve yanlış kutuplaşma gibi yapısal kromozom anormalliklerine yol açmıştır.

Toplam kromozom aberasyonları bakımından Eylül ayı Menderes %25, Koçarlı %25, Koçarlı %50 ve Mart ayı Çine %25, Menderes %25, Koçarlı %25, Koçarlı %50 dozları dışındaki tüm dozlarda farkın kontrole göre önemli olduğu belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kromozom aberasyonları,Mitotik indeks,Allium test,Genotoksisite

References

[1]. Soodan, R.K., Katnoria, J.K., Nagpal, A. Allium cepa root chromosomal aberration assay: An efficient test system for evaluating genotoxicity of agricultural soil. Int. J. Sci. and Res.,3-8 (2014) 245-250.
[2]. Pohren, R.S., Costa, T.C., Vargas, V.M.F. Investigation of Sensitivity of the Allium cepa Test as an Alert System to Evaluate the Genotoxic Potential of Soil Contaminated by Heavy Metals. Water Air Soil Pollut., 224 (2013) 1460.
[3]. Aydın İl Çevre Durum Raporu, (2006). Aydın İl Çevre Müdürlüğü.
[4]. Bekaert, C., Rast, C., Ferrier, V., Bispo, A., Jourdain, M.J., Vasseur, P. Use of in vitro (Ames and Mutatox tests) and in vivo (Amphibian Micronucleus test) assay to asses the genotoxicity of leachates from a contaminated soil. Organic Geochemistry, 30 (1999) 953-962.
[5]. Cotelle, S., Masfaraud, J.F., Ferard, J.F. Assement of The genotoxicity of contaminated soil with the Allium/Vicia-micronucleus and Tradescantia micronucleus assays. Mutation Res., 426 (1999) 167-171.
[6]. İnceer, H., Beyazoğlu, O. (2000). Bakır klörür’ün Vicia hirsuta (L.) S.F. Gray kök ucu hücreleri üzerine sitogenetik etkileri. Türk J. Biol., 24 (2000) 553-559.
[7]. Lui, D., Jiang, W., Gao, X. Effects of Cadmium on root growth, cell division and nucleoli in root tip cells of Garlic. Biologia Plantarum, 47 ( 2003) 79-83.
[8]. Çelik, T.A., Sümer, Ş. (1996). Basudin (20EM)’in Arpa mitotik kromozomları üzerine etkileri. Türk Biyoloji Dergisi, 20-1 (1996) 21-28.

[9]. Soheir, M.A., Odette, R.F. Cytological effects of pesticides XII of the phosphorathioate insecticide Dursban on the mitosis of V. faba. Cytologia, 48 (1983) 27-33.
[10]. Türkoğlu, Ş., Koca, S. The effects of Paraquat (Gramoxone) on mitotic division, chromosomes and DNA amount in Vicia faba. Cumhuriyet Uni. Fen-Ed. Fak. Fen Bil. Derg., 21 (1999) 49-55.
[11]. Yüzbaşıoğlu, D., F. Unal, C. Sancak and R. Kasab. Cytological effects of herbicide racer flurochloridone on Allium cepa. Caryologia, 56 (2003) 97-105.
[12]. Soykan Sarı, H., Koca, S. Effects of Dichlorvos (DDVP) on mitosis and chromosomes in Allium cepa L. root tip meristem cells. Cumhuriyet University Faculty of Science Science Journal (CSJ), 35-3 (2014) 36-45.
[13]. Kovalchuk, O., Kovalchuk, I., Arkhipov, A., Telyuk, P., Hohn, B., Kovalchuk, L. The Allium cepa chromosome aberration test reliably measures genotoxicity of soils of inhabitat areas in the Ukraina contaminated by the Chernobly accident. Mutation Res., 415 (1998) 47-57.
[14]. Knasmuller, S., Gottman, e., Steinkellr, H., Fomin, A., Pickl, C., Paschke, A., God, R., Kundi, M. Detection of genotoxic effect of heavy metal contaminated Soils with plant bioassays. Mutation Res., 420 (1998) 37-48.
[15]. Reifferscheid, G., Grummt, T. Genoyoxicity in German surface waters-results of a collaborative study. Water, Air and Soil Pollution, 123 (2000) 67-79.
[16]. Sudakhar, D., Ninge-Gowda, K.N.,Venu, G. Mitotic abnormalities induced silk dyeing industry effluents in the cells of Allium cepa. Cytlogia, 66 (2001) 235-239.
[17]. Rieger, R., Michaelis, A. Effects of chromosome repottering in Vicia faba L. aberration, distribution, aberration spectrum and karyotype sensivity after treatment with ethanol and differently reconsructed chromosome complements. Biol. Zbl., 92 (1972) 151-159.
[18]. Rieger, R., Nicolof, H., Michaelis, A. Introchromosomal clustering of chromatic aberrations induced by N-methyl-N-nitroso urethan in Vicia faba and barley. Biol. Zbl., 92 (1973) 681-689.
[19]. Matsumoto, S.T., Mantovani, M.S., Malaguttii, M.I.A., Dias, A.L., Fonseca, I.C., Marin-Morales, M.A. Genotoxicity and mutagenicity of water contaminated with tannery effluents, as evaluated by the micronucleus test and comet assay using the fish Oreochromis niloticus and chromosome aberrations in onion root-tips. Genetics and Moleculary Biology, 29-1 (2006) 148-158.
[20]. Türkoglu, Ş.. Genotoxicity of five food preservatives tested on root tips of Allium cepa L. Mutation Res., 626 (2007) 4-14.
[21]. Türkoglu, Ş. Evaluation of genotoxic effects of Sodium propionate, Calcium propionate and Potassium propionate on the root meristem cells of Allium cepa. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 46 (2008) 2035-2041.
[22]. Gömürgen, A.N. Cytological effect of the Potassium metabisulphite and Potassium nitrate food presevative on root tips of Allium cepa L. Cytologia, 70 (2005) 119-128.
[23]. Klasterska, I., Natarajan, A.T., Ramel, C.. An interpretation of the origin of subchromatid aberration and chromosome stickiness as a category of chromatid aberrations. Hereditas, 83 (1976) 15-162.
[24]. Badr, A., Ibrahim, A.G. Effects of herbicide Glean on mitosis, chromosomes and nucleic acids in Allium cepa and Vicia faba root meristems. Cytologia, 52 (1987) 293-302.
[25]. Badr, A. Effect of the s-triazine herbicide Terbutryn on mitosis chromosomes and nucleic acids in root tips on Vicia faba. Cytologia, 51 (1986) 571-578.
[26]. El-Ghamery, A.A., El-Nahas, A.I., Mansour, M.M., The article of Atrazine herbicide as an indicator of cell division on chromosomes and nucleic acids content in root meristems of Allium cepa and Vicia faba. Cytologia, 65 (2000) 277-287.
[27]. Amer, S.M., Farah, O.R. Cytological effects of pesticides XIV. Effect of the insecticide Dipterex “Trichlorophon” on Vicia faba plant. Cytologia,48 (1974) 761-770.
[28]. Wang, J-J., Cheng, W-X., Ding, W., Zhao, Z.M. The effect of the insecticide Dichlorvos on estarase activity exracted from the psocids, Liposcelis bostrychophila and L. entomophila. Journal of Insect Science,4-23 (2004) 1-5.
[29]. Grover, I.S., Kaur, S. Genotoxicity of wastewater samples from sewage and industrial effluent detected by the Allium cepa root aberration and micronucleus assays. Mutation Res.,426 (1999) 183-188.
[30]. Rank, J., Nielsen, M.H. Genotoxicity testing of wastewater sludge using the Allium cepa anaphase-telophase chromosome aberration assay. Mutation Res., 418 (1998) 113-119.
[31]. Katnoria, J.K., Arora, S., Bhardwaj, R., Nagpal, A. Evaluation of genotoxic potential of industrial waste contaminated soil extracts of Amritsar, India. J. Environ. Biol., 32 (2011) 363-367.
[32]. Nasta, A., Gunther, E. Mitoseanomalien bei Allium cepa und Hordeum vulgare nach einvirkung eines carbamat herbizids. Biol. Zbl., 92 (1973) 27-36.

Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

-

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Zahide Şahin

Serdar Koca ^*

Publication Date

March 16, 2018

Submission Date

June 6, 2017

Acceptance Date

February 22, 2018

Published in Issue

Year 1970 Volume: 39 Number: 1

DOI

https://doi.org/10.17776/csj.405712

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA43TB94KZ

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Şahin, Z., & Koca, S. (2018). Determination of the Genotoxicity of the Soil in the Aydın Region Irrigated by Büyük Menderes River by the Allium Test System. Cumhuriyet Science Journal, 39(1), 152-161. https://doi.org/10.17776/csj.405712

Cited By

The effect of silver nanoparticles on the mutagenic and the genotoxic properties of the urban wastewater liquid sludges

Environmental Science and Pollution Research

https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-05225-8