Characterization of Green Synthesized Cadmium Sulfide Nanoparticles Using Morchella esculenta Mushroom

Osman Çaylak; Ali Zeytünlüoğlu; Halil İbrahim Çetintaş; Yılmaz Mert

doi:10.17776/csj.1749239

Characterization of Green Synthesized Cadmium Sulfide Nanoparticles Using Morchella esculenta Mushroom

Abstract

In this study, the green synthesis and characterization of cadmium sulfide nanoparticles (CdS NPs) using Morchella esculenta (ME) mushroom extract as a coating and reducing agent were investigated in detail. It was observed that the synthesized CdS nanoparticles have a cubic zinc-blende crystal structure, as confirmed by XRD measurements. The concentration of ME extracts significantly affected particle size; an increase in extract volume led to the formation of smaller nanoparticles (3.63–6.79 nm according to UV-Vis models; 2.29–3.02 nm according to XRD). In addition to the presence of typical Cd-S bonds, FTIR spectra confirmed the role of fungal biomolecules (proteins, polysaccharides) in the coating and stabilization of nanoparticles. At absorption maxima, we observed significant blue shifts (515 nm compared to 453–481 nm for CdS) and broadened band gaps (2.58–2.74 eV) in the UV-Vis spectra, confirming quantum confinement. SEM-EDX analysis revealed that the elements were pure (the ratio of Cd to S was 1:1) and that the shape of the nanoparticles corresponded to the sizes observed in the XRD/UV-Vis data. This study presents a straightforward and eco-friendly process for creating CdS nanoparticles smaller than 5 nm.

Keywords

Ethical Statement

This study was conducted in accordance with relevant ethical guidelines. The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Inorganic Green Chemistry

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Osman Çaylak ^*
0000-0001-8227-3456
Türkiye

Ali Zeytünlüoğlu
0000-0002-2534-7241
Türkiye

Halil İbrahim Çetintaş
0000-0003-1769-0098
Türkiye

Yılmaz Mert
0000-0003-3843-9177
Türkiye

Publication Date

December 30, 2025

Submission Date

July 24, 2025

Acceptance Date

December 5, 2025

Published in Issue

Year 1970 Volume: 46 Number: 4

DOI

https://doi.org/10.17776/csj.1749239

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA89GG62HE

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Çaylak, O., Zeytünlüoğlu, A., Çetintaş, H. İ., & Mert, Y. (2025). Characterization of Green Synthesized Cadmium Sulfide Nanoparticles Using Morchella esculenta Mushroom. Cumhuriyet Science Journal, 46(4), 854-862. https://doi.org/10.17776/csj.1749239