Dynamic Rearrangement Events in the Mitogenomes of Gall Inducing Wasps, Diplolepis fructuum and Diplolepis rosae (Hymenoptera: Diplolepididae)

Özgül Doğan; İlknur Çaça Yüksel

doi:10.17776/csj.1723926

Dynamic Rearrangement Events in the Mitogenomes of Gall Inducing Wasps, Diplolepis fructuum and Diplolepis rosae (Hymenoptera: Diplolepididae)

Abstract

A gall-inducing wasp Diplolepis, which causes gall-forming on wild roses, is a genus belonging to the small cynipoid family Diplolepididae, modulating host plant tissues to form galls. Here, the complete mitogenome of Diplolepis fructuum was newly sequenced and presented, while D. rosae was assembled and annotated as a third party annotation from the raw genome dataset (the GenBank accession number of CM061911) of D. rosae. The mitogenomes of these gall-inducing wasps were comparatively characterised and their phylogenetic placement among congeneric species were verified. The mitogenome of D. fructuum and D. rosae were 16,133 bp and 16,363 bp in length, with an average 84.10% AT content. The initiation codons of protein-coding genes (PCGs) were ATN-Ile/Met, with the exception of ND4L (TTG-Phe) in both of them, while termination codons were TAA, with the exception of COX2 (TAG) in both mitogenomes, and incomplete T— in ND5 and ND6 in D. fructuum mitogenome. A comparison of the inferred ancestral mitogenome indicated highly differentiated mitogenome architecture in these Diplolepis species, with a total of 11 parsimonious evolutionary steps to explain the observed gene rearrangements. These comprise six reverse transpositions, two transpositions, two inversions, and one shuffling event. The phylogeny provides robust support for the distinctiveness of Diplolepididae and supports the monophyly of each genus and Cynipidae family, while Figitidae occurs as a clade including remaining families.

Keywords

Supporting Institution

TÜBİTAK

Project Number

123Z065-TÜBİTAK 1001

Thanks

We thank TÜBİTAK (The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey, project number 123Z065) for providing financial support.

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Genomics and Transcriptomics , Computational Ecology and Phylogenetics , Sequence Analysis , Genomics

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Özgül Doğan ^*
0000-0003-0182-8654
Türkiye

İlknur Çaça Yüksel
0009-0005-0474-5928
Türkiye

Publication Date

December 30, 2025

Submission Date

June 21, 2025

Acceptance Date

November 11, 2025

Published in Issue

Year 2025 Volume: 46 Number: 4

DOI

https://doi.org/10.17776/csj.1723926

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA74YS63PD

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Doğan, Ö., & Çaça Yüksel, İ. (2025). Dynamic Rearrangement Events in the Mitogenomes of Gall Inducing Wasps, Diplolepis fructuum and Diplolepis rosae (Hymenoptera: Diplolepididae). Cumhuriyet Science Journal, 46(4), 672-680. https://doi.org/10.17776/csj.1723926