Improvement Of Ti6Al4V Alloy Surface Via Micro Arc Oxidation Treatment And UV-Assisted Thread-Like Silver Deposition

Kadir Ünlüses; Kürşad Oğuz Oskay; Ebru Yabaş; Mehmet Şimşir

doi:10.17776/csj.1685750

Improvement Of Ti6Al4V Alloy Surface Via Micro Arc Oxidation Treatment And UV-Assisted Thread-Like Silver Deposition

Abstract

Titanium and titanium alloys are widely used as biomaterials. However, in order to ensure a permanent integration between the implant and the surrounding tissue, the surface properties of these materials need to be improved. Although various surface treatment methods exist, micro-arc oxidation (MAO) is among the most commonly used techniques. In this study, the MAO process was applied to Ti6Al4V alloy using an electrolyte composed of 11 g trisodium phosphate (Na3PO4·12H2O), 2 g calcium acetate hydrate ((CH3COO)2Ca·H2O), and varying amounts of EDTA-Na2. EDTA-Na₂ addition enhanced calcium incorporation, controlled pore size, and altered wettability of MAO coatings. Varying EDTA-Na₂ concentrations produced different pore diameters and promoted rutile phase formation, resulting in mixed anatase–rutile surfaces. The porous structure obtained after the MAO process increased the surface roughness.Following MAO treatment, silver was deposited by UV irradiation using a custom-made photoreactor, with solutions containing varying concentrations of AgNO₃ and glucose monohydrate. The resulting silver structures were found to have a thread-like morphology. Additionally, ion release analyses showed that silver ions were released into simulated body fluid (SBF) over five days. This indicates it has the potential for long-term antibacterial activity. The combined photoreactor–UV approach provides a low-cost, room-temperature, and environmentally friendly method for antibacterial functionalization of the Ti6Al4V surface. To the best of our knowledge, the deposition of silver onto the MAO-treated Ti6Al4V surface with the UV irradiation method has been reported for the first time in the literature. Moreover, thread-like silver structures have not been encountered in the literature.

Keywords

Supporting Institution

Scientific Research Project Fund of Sivas Cumhuriyet University

Project Number

M-2024-863

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Electrochemistry , Biomaterial

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Kadir Ünlüses ^*
0009-0004-8170-193X
Türkiye

Kürşad Oğuz Oskay
0000-0003-4026-867X
Türkiye

Ebru Yabaş
0000-0001-7163-3057
Türkiye

Mehmet Şimşir
0000-0002-8895-7821
Türkiye

Publication Date

December 30, 2025

Submission Date

April 29, 2025

Acceptance Date

October 20, 2025

Published in Issue

Year 1970 Volume: 46 Number: 4

DOI

https://doi.org/10.17776/csj.1685750

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA88CF77FZ

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Ünlüses, K., Oskay, K. O., Yabaş, E., & Şimşir, M. (2025). Improvement Of Ti6Al4V Alloy Surface Via Micro Arc Oxidation Treatment And UV-Assisted Thread-Like Silver Deposition. Cumhuriyet Science Journal, 46(4), 791-804. https://doi.org/10.17776/csj.1685750

Cited By

Engineering bioactive and antimicrobial Ti6Al4V implant surfaces through micro-arc oxidation and photochemically induced thread-like silver nanostructures

Journal of Molecular Structure

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molstruc.2026.145669