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Effects of Sulfur and Humic Acid Applications on Yield and Oil Quality of Second Crop Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2, 133 - 145, 14.11.2023

Öz

Sesame is one of the basic food products used in human nutrition with its high quality oil content. The amount of organic fertilizers and sulfur applications is very important in order to increase the oil quality and yield in sesame cultivation. This research was carried out in Cukurova University Field Crops Department Research and Application area in order to determine the effects of sulfur and humic acid applications on yield and oil quality in second crop sesame. Muganlı-57 variety was used as material, ammonium sulfate (%24S) as sulfur source and leonardite containing %40 humic acid belonging to a private company was used as humic acid source. In the study, 4 different sulfur doses (0, 2, 4, 6 kg da-1) and 3 different humic acid doses (0, 4, 8 L da-1) were applied. The experiment in complete randomized plots according to the factorial design with three replications. According to the results of the analysis of variance applied to the data of the examined characteristics, the effects of sulfur and humic acid doses on the number of capsules per plant, the number of branches, seed yield and oil yield were found to be significant. However, it had no effect on plant height and oil ratio values. The highest seed yield was obtained from the application of 2 kg da-1 sulfur and 8 L da-1 humic acid. In this study, it was determined that sulfur and humic acid applications had positive effects on the growth, yield and oil ratio of sesame.

Kaynakça

  • 1. İncekara F. Endüstri Bitkileri ve Islahı Cilt:2. Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Yayınları No:33, İzmir, Türkiye; 1972.
  • 2. Kobayashi T. Cytogenetics of sesame (Sesamum). T. Tsuchiya PK, Gupta (Ed.); 1991. Chromosome engineering in plants: genetics, breeding, evolution. Part B; p.581-592.
  • 3. FAO F. Agriculture organization of the united nations. Faostat, 2023. Retrieved from https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QCL/visualize (01.05.2023).
  • 4. Anğın N, Çatalkaya V. Çukurova koşullarında 2. ürün susamın farklı gelişim dönemlerinde yapılan sulamaların verim ve yağ kalitesine etkileri. Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi 2019; 24, 112-119.
  • 5. Sözüdoğru S, Kütük AC, Yalçın R, Usta S. Hümik asidin fasulye bitkisinin gelişimi ve besin maddeleri alımı üzerine etkisi. Ankara Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Yayın No: 1452, Ankara. 1996.
  • 6. Stevenson FJ. Humus chemistry: Genesis, Composition, Reactions. 2th ed. John Wiley and Sons; 1994.
  • 7. Karaman MR, Şahin S, Geboloğlu N, Turan M, Güneş A, Tutar A. Hümik Asit Uygulaması Altında Farklı Domates Çeşitlerinin (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) Demir Alım Etkinlikleri. Sakarya Üniversitesi Fen Edebiyat Dergisi 2012;14 (1), 301–308.
  • 8. İçel CD. Hümik Asit Uygulama Zamanı ve Dozlarının Aspir (Carthamus tinctorius L.)’de Verim, Verim Ögeleri ve Yağ Oranına Etkisi, Ankara, Türkiye, [Yüksek Lisans Tezi], Ankara Üniversitesi, 2005.
  • 9. Day S, Kolsarıcı Ö, Kaya MD, Kaya MD. Hümik asit uygulama zamanı ve dozlarının ayçiçeğinde (Helianthus annuus) verim, verim öğeleri ve yağ oranına etkisi. Akdeniz Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 2011; 24(1), 33-37.
  • 10. Khan AR, Mir S. Plant growth stımulatıon of lıgnıte humıc acıds. Part-3: Effect of ammonıum humate on seed cotton yıeld and fıber qualıty. Biological Sciences-Pakistan Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research 2002; 45(5), 291-294.
  • 11. Tarhan M, Karademir E. Hümik Asidin Farklı Uygulama Yöntemlerinin Pamukta Verim, Bitki Gelişimi ve Lif Kalitesine Etkisi. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım ve Doğa Dergisi 2019; 22(4), 537-546.
  • 12. Başalma D. Effects of humic acid on the emergence and seedling growth of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.). Türk Tarım ve Doğa Bilimleri Dergisi 2014; 1(Özel Sayı-2), 1402-1406.
  • 13. Prado MRV, Weber OLS, Moraes MF, Santos CLR, Tunes MS, Ramos FT. Humic Substances on Soybeans Grown Under Water Stress. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 2016; 17 (21), 2405-2413.
  • 14. Rady MM, Abd El-Mageed TA, Abdurrahman HA, Mahdi AH. Humic Acid Application Improves Field Performance of Cotton (Gossypium barbadense L.) Under Saline Conditions. The Journal of Animal & Plant Sciences 2016; 26 (2), 487-493.
  • 15. Ceccotti S, Messick D. Plant nutrient sulphur: A global review of crop reguirements, supply, and environmental impact on nutrient balance. Norwegian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 1994; 7-25.
  • 16. Scherer HW. Sulphur in crop production. Europen Journal of Agronomy 2001; 14, 81-111.
  • 17. Li-Na Z, Dong Q, Li-Li S, Wei-Jie Y. Effects of sulfur fertilization on the contents of photosynthetic pigments and MDA under drought stress. Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica 2005; 8, 14-21.
  • 18. Barney Jr PB, Bush LP. Interaction of nitrate and sulphate reduction in tobacco: 1. Influence of availability of nitrate and sulphate. Journal of Plant Nutrition 1985; 8(6), 505-515.
  • 19. Weil RR, Mughogho SK. Sulfur nutrition of maize in four regions of Malawi. Agronomy Journal 2000; 92, 649-656.
  • 20. Khan NA, Samiullah MM. The influence of gibberillic acid and sulfur fertilization rate on growth and S-useefficiency of mustard (Brassicajuncea). Plant and Soil 2005; 270, 269-274.
  • 21. Adiputra IGK, Anderson JW. Distribution and redistribution of sulphur taken up from nutrient solution during vegetative growth in barley. Physiologia Plantarum 1992; 85(3), 453-460.
  • 22. Zhao Y, Xiao X, Bi D, Hu F. Effects of sulfur fertilization on soybean root and leaf trait sand soil microbial activity. Journal of Plant Nutrition 2008; 31, 473-483.
  • 23. Raja A, Hattab OK, Gurusamy L, Suganya S. Sulphur levels on nutrient uptake and yield of sesame varieties and nutrient availability. International Journal of Soil Science 2007; 2, 278–285.
  • 24. Dubey OP, Khan RA. Effect of nitrogen and sulphur content in Inclian mustard and their residual balance in soil. Indian Journal of Agronomy 1993; 38, 582-587.
  • 25. Intodia SK, Tomar OP. Effect of sulphur application on growth and yield of sunflower. The Indıan Journal of Agricultural Sciences 1997; 67, 46-47.
  • 26. Obaidul H. Effect of sulphur and boron on seed yield of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.), Mymensingh, Bangladesh, [M. S. Thesis.], Agril University, 2012.
  • 27. Murmu S, Murmu K, Satapathy M. Effect of sulphur fertilization on growth, yield and quality of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) in mid central zone of Odisha. International Journal Bio-Res Environmental Agriculture Sciences 2015; 1(1), 5-12.
  • 28. El-Bassiouny HSM, Bakry BA, Attia AA, Abd Allah MM. Physiological role of humic acid and nicotinamide on improving plant growth, yield, and mineral nutrient of wheat (Triticum durum) grown under newly reclaimed sandy soil. Agricultural Sciences 2014; 5, 687-700.
  • 29. Bakal H. Ana ve ikinci ürün koşullarında yetiştirilen susam (Sesamum indicum L.) çeşitlerinin bazı önemli tarımsal ve kalite özelliklerinin karşılaştırılması. Harran Tarım ve Gıda Bilimleri Dergisi 2022; 26(3), 358-370.
  • 30. Paul SK, Khatun MM, Sarkar MAR. Effect of sulphur on the seed yield and oil content of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.): Seed yield and oil content of sesame. Journal of the Bangladesh Agricultural University 2019; 17(1), 33-38.
  • 31. Shelke RI, Kalegore NK, Wayase KP. Effect of levels of phosphorus and sulphur on growth, yield and quality of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.). World Journal of Agricultural Sciences 2014; 10(3), 108–11.
  • 32. Hadvani RG, Ahlawat RPS, Trivedi SJ. Effect of methods of sowing and levels of sulphur on growtlı and yield of groundnut (Arachis hypogea). Indian Journal of Agronomy 1993; 38, 325-327.
  • 33. Öztürk Ö. Konya ekolojik şartlarında bazı aspir (Carthamus tinctorius L.) çeşitlerinde verim ve verim unsurlarının tespiti, Konya, Türkiye, [Yüksek Lisans Tezi], Selçuk Üniversitesi, 1994.
  • 34. Rong X, Wei W. Analyses of correlation and path between main characters and seed yield in sesame. Nanjing Institute of Agricultural Science of the Jiangsu Hilly District 1989; 0.1989-04-010.
  • 35. Allam AY. Effect of gypsum, nitrogen fertilization and hill spacing on seed and oil yields of sesame cultivated on sandy soil. Assiut Journal of Agricultural Sciences 2002; 33(4), 1–6.
  • 36. Devakumar M, Giri G. Influence of weed control and doses and time of gypsum application on yield attributes pod and oil yields of groundnut. Indian Journal of Agronomy 1998; 43, 453-458.
  • 37. Tiwari RK, Namdeo KN, Girish J. Effect of nitrogen and sulphur on growth, yield and quality of sesame (Sesamum indicum) varieties. Research on Crops 2000; 1(2), 163-167.
  • 38. Hermann S, Joachim G, Wilfried S, Lutz W, Wolfgang M. Effects of humus content, farmyard manuring and mineral N- fertilization on yield and soil properties in a long – term trial. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Sciences 2000; 163, 657-662.
  • 39. Kandil E. Impact of sowing method and humic acid on sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) production. Journal of the Advances in Agricultural Researches 2015; 20(3), 460-471.
  • 40. Singaravel R, Elayaraja D, Vishwanathan K. Study on the influence of micro nutrients and growth regulator on the growth and yield of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) and nutrient availability in coastal saline soil. Asian Journal of Soil Science 2016; 11(1), 175-178.
  • 41. Patel PK, Kadivala VAH, Patel VN. Role of sulphur in oilseed crops: A review. Journal of Plant Development Sciences 2019; 11, 109-114.
  • 42. Naiknaware MD, Pawar GR, Murumkar SB. Effect of varying levels of boron and sulphur on growth, yield and quality of summer groundnut (Arachis hypogea L.). International Journal of Tropical Agriculture 2015; 33(2), 471-474.

Kükürt ve Hümik Asit Uygulamalarının İkinci Ürün Susam (Sesamum İndicum L.)’da Verim ve Yağ Kalitesi Üzerine Etkileri

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2, 133 - 145, 14.11.2023

Öz

Susam, kaliteli yağ içeriği ile insan beslenmesinde kullanılan temel gıda ürünlerinden biridir. Susam yetiştiriciliğinde yağ kalitesi ve verimini artırmak için organik gübreler ve kükürt uygulamalarının miktarı oldukça önemlidir. Bu araştırma, kükürt ve hümik asit uygulamalarının ikinci ürün susamda verim ve yağ kalitesine etkilerini belirlemek amacıyla Çukurova Üniversitesi Tarla Bitkileri Bölümü Araştırma ve Uygulama alanında yürütülmüştür. Materyal olarak Muganlı-57 çeşidi, kükürt kaynağı olarak amonyum sülfat (%24S) ve hümik asit kaynağı olarak özel bir firmaya ait %40 hümik asit içeren leonardit kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada 4 farklı kükürt dozu ( 0, 2, 4, 6 kg da-1) ve 3 farklı hümik asit dozu (0, 4, 8 L da-1) uygulanmıştır. Deneme, tesadüf blokları faktöriyel deneme desenine göre 3 tekrarlamalı olarak kurulmuştur. İncelenen özelliklere ait verilere uygulanan varyans analiz sonuçlarına göre, kükürt ve hümik asit dozlarının susam bitki başına kapsül sayısı, dal sayısı, tohum verimi ve yağ verimi değerlerine etkisi önemli bulunmuştur. Ancak bitki boyu ve yağ oranı değerleri üzerine etkisi olmamıştır. En yüksek tohum verimi 2 kg da-1 kükürt, 8 L da-1 hümik asit uygulamasından elde edilmiştir. Bu çalışma ile kükürt ve hümik asit uygulamalarının susamın büyümesinde, veriminde ve yağ oranında olumlu etkileri olduğu tespit edilmiştir.

Kaynakça

  • 1. İncekara F. Endüstri Bitkileri ve Islahı Cilt:2. Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Yayınları No:33, İzmir, Türkiye; 1972.
  • 2. Kobayashi T. Cytogenetics of sesame (Sesamum). T. Tsuchiya PK, Gupta (Ed.); 1991. Chromosome engineering in plants: genetics, breeding, evolution. Part B; p.581-592.
  • 3. FAO F. Agriculture organization of the united nations. Faostat, 2023. Retrieved from https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QCL/visualize (01.05.2023).
  • 4. Anğın N, Çatalkaya V. Çukurova koşullarında 2. ürün susamın farklı gelişim dönemlerinde yapılan sulamaların verim ve yağ kalitesine etkileri. Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi 2019; 24, 112-119.
  • 5. Sözüdoğru S, Kütük AC, Yalçın R, Usta S. Hümik asidin fasulye bitkisinin gelişimi ve besin maddeleri alımı üzerine etkisi. Ankara Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Yayın No: 1452, Ankara. 1996.
  • 6. Stevenson FJ. Humus chemistry: Genesis, Composition, Reactions. 2th ed. John Wiley and Sons; 1994.
  • 7. Karaman MR, Şahin S, Geboloğlu N, Turan M, Güneş A, Tutar A. Hümik Asit Uygulaması Altında Farklı Domates Çeşitlerinin (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) Demir Alım Etkinlikleri. Sakarya Üniversitesi Fen Edebiyat Dergisi 2012;14 (1), 301–308.
  • 8. İçel CD. Hümik Asit Uygulama Zamanı ve Dozlarının Aspir (Carthamus tinctorius L.)’de Verim, Verim Ögeleri ve Yağ Oranına Etkisi, Ankara, Türkiye, [Yüksek Lisans Tezi], Ankara Üniversitesi, 2005.
  • 9. Day S, Kolsarıcı Ö, Kaya MD, Kaya MD. Hümik asit uygulama zamanı ve dozlarının ayçiçeğinde (Helianthus annuus) verim, verim öğeleri ve yağ oranına etkisi. Akdeniz Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 2011; 24(1), 33-37.
  • 10. Khan AR, Mir S. Plant growth stımulatıon of lıgnıte humıc acıds. Part-3: Effect of ammonıum humate on seed cotton yıeld and fıber qualıty. Biological Sciences-Pakistan Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research 2002; 45(5), 291-294.
  • 11. Tarhan M, Karademir E. Hümik Asidin Farklı Uygulama Yöntemlerinin Pamukta Verim, Bitki Gelişimi ve Lif Kalitesine Etkisi. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım ve Doğa Dergisi 2019; 22(4), 537-546.
  • 12. Başalma D. Effects of humic acid on the emergence and seedling growth of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.). Türk Tarım ve Doğa Bilimleri Dergisi 2014; 1(Özel Sayı-2), 1402-1406.
  • 13. Prado MRV, Weber OLS, Moraes MF, Santos CLR, Tunes MS, Ramos FT. Humic Substances on Soybeans Grown Under Water Stress. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 2016; 17 (21), 2405-2413.
  • 14. Rady MM, Abd El-Mageed TA, Abdurrahman HA, Mahdi AH. Humic Acid Application Improves Field Performance of Cotton (Gossypium barbadense L.) Under Saline Conditions. The Journal of Animal & Plant Sciences 2016; 26 (2), 487-493.
  • 15. Ceccotti S, Messick D. Plant nutrient sulphur: A global review of crop reguirements, supply, and environmental impact on nutrient balance. Norwegian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 1994; 7-25.
  • 16. Scherer HW. Sulphur in crop production. Europen Journal of Agronomy 2001; 14, 81-111.
  • 17. Li-Na Z, Dong Q, Li-Li S, Wei-Jie Y. Effects of sulfur fertilization on the contents of photosynthetic pigments and MDA under drought stress. Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica 2005; 8, 14-21.
  • 18. Barney Jr PB, Bush LP. Interaction of nitrate and sulphate reduction in tobacco: 1. Influence of availability of nitrate and sulphate. Journal of Plant Nutrition 1985; 8(6), 505-515.
  • 19. Weil RR, Mughogho SK. Sulfur nutrition of maize in four regions of Malawi. Agronomy Journal 2000; 92, 649-656.
  • 20. Khan NA, Samiullah MM. The influence of gibberillic acid and sulfur fertilization rate on growth and S-useefficiency of mustard (Brassicajuncea). Plant and Soil 2005; 270, 269-274.
  • 21. Adiputra IGK, Anderson JW. Distribution and redistribution of sulphur taken up from nutrient solution during vegetative growth in barley. Physiologia Plantarum 1992; 85(3), 453-460.
  • 22. Zhao Y, Xiao X, Bi D, Hu F. Effects of sulfur fertilization on soybean root and leaf trait sand soil microbial activity. Journal of Plant Nutrition 2008; 31, 473-483.
  • 23. Raja A, Hattab OK, Gurusamy L, Suganya S. Sulphur levels on nutrient uptake and yield of sesame varieties and nutrient availability. International Journal of Soil Science 2007; 2, 278–285.
  • 24. Dubey OP, Khan RA. Effect of nitrogen and sulphur content in Inclian mustard and their residual balance in soil. Indian Journal of Agronomy 1993; 38, 582-587.
  • 25. Intodia SK, Tomar OP. Effect of sulphur application on growth and yield of sunflower. The Indıan Journal of Agricultural Sciences 1997; 67, 46-47.
  • 26. Obaidul H. Effect of sulphur and boron on seed yield of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.), Mymensingh, Bangladesh, [M. S. Thesis.], Agril University, 2012.
  • 27. Murmu S, Murmu K, Satapathy M. Effect of sulphur fertilization on growth, yield and quality of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) in mid central zone of Odisha. International Journal Bio-Res Environmental Agriculture Sciences 2015; 1(1), 5-12.
  • 28. El-Bassiouny HSM, Bakry BA, Attia AA, Abd Allah MM. Physiological role of humic acid and nicotinamide on improving plant growth, yield, and mineral nutrient of wheat (Triticum durum) grown under newly reclaimed sandy soil. Agricultural Sciences 2014; 5, 687-700.
  • 29. Bakal H. Ana ve ikinci ürün koşullarında yetiştirilen susam (Sesamum indicum L.) çeşitlerinin bazı önemli tarımsal ve kalite özelliklerinin karşılaştırılması. Harran Tarım ve Gıda Bilimleri Dergisi 2022; 26(3), 358-370.
  • 30. Paul SK, Khatun MM, Sarkar MAR. Effect of sulphur on the seed yield and oil content of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.): Seed yield and oil content of sesame. Journal of the Bangladesh Agricultural University 2019; 17(1), 33-38.
  • 31. Shelke RI, Kalegore NK, Wayase KP. Effect of levels of phosphorus and sulphur on growth, yield and quality of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.). World Journal of Agricultural Sciences 2014; 10(3), 108–11.
  • 32. Hadvani RG, Ahlawat RPS, Trivedi SJ. Effect of methods of sowing and levels of sulphur on growtlı and yield of groundnut (Arachis hypogea). Indian Journal of Agronomy 1993; 38, 325-327.
  • 33. Öztürk Ö. Konya ekolojik şartlarında bazı aspir (Carthamus tinctorius L.) çeşitlerinde verim ve verim unsurlarının tespiti, Konya, Türkiye, [Yüksek Lisans Tezi], Selçuk Üniversitesi, 1994.
  • 34. Rong X, Wei W. Analyses of correlation and path between main characters and seed yield in sesame. Nanjing Institute of Agricultural Science of the Jiangsu Hilly District 1989; 0.1989-04-010.
  • 35. Allam AY. Effect of gypsum, nitrogen fertilization and hill spacing on seed and oil yields of sesame cultivated on sandy soil. Assiut Journal of Agricultural Sciences 2002; 33(4), 1–6.
  • 36. Devakumar M, Giri G. Influence of weed control and doses and time of gypsum application on yield attributes pod and oil yields of groundnut. Indian Journal of Agronomy 1998; 43, 453-458.
  • 37. Tiwari RK, Namdeo KN, Girish J. Effect of nitrogen and sulphur on growth, yield and quality of sesame (Sesamum indicum) varieties. Research on Crops 2000; 1(2), 163-167.
  • 38. Hermann S, Joachim G, Wilfried S, Lutz W, Wolfgang M. Effects of humus content, farmyard manuring and mineral N- fertilization on yield and soil properties in a long – term trial. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Sciences 2000; 163, 657-662.
  • 39. Kandil E. Impact of sowing method and humic acid on sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) production. Journal of the Advances in Agricultural Researches 2015; 20(3), 460-471.
  • 40. Singaravel R, Elayaraja D, Vishwanathan K. Study on the influence of micro nutrients and growth regulator on the growth and yield of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) and nutrient availability in coastal saline soil. Asian Journal of Soil Science 2016; 11(1), 175-178.
  • 41. Patel PK, Kadivala VAH, Patel VN. Role of sulphur in oilseed crops: A review. Journal of Plant Development Sciences 2019; 11, 109-114.
  • 42. Naiknaware MD, Pawar GR, Murumkar SB. Effect of varying levels of boron and sulphur on growth, yield and quality of summer groundnut (Arachis hypogea L.). International Journal of Tropical Agriculture 2015; 33(2), 471-474.
Toplam 42 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Endüstri Bitkileri
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Korhan Özceylan 0000-0003-0226-6198

Ozgul Gormus 0000-0003-2214-6708

Yayımlanma Tarihi 14 Kasım 2023
Gönderilme Tarihi 28 Eylül 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

Vancouver Özceylan K, Gormus O. Kükürt ve Hümik Asit Uygulamalarının İkinci Ürün Susam (Sesamum İndicum L.)’da Verim ve Yağ Kalitesi Üzerine Etkileri. TUBİD. 2023;4(2):133-45.