Öz
Elektrikli araçlar çevreci özellikleri ve enerji etkinliği
açısından alternatif ulaşım yöntemi olarak sunulmaktadır. Tek şarj ile
gidilebilecek mesafenin kısa olması bu araçların yaygınlaşmasının önündeki
önemli engellerden biridir. Elektrikli araçların menzili uzatmak için depolama
ve araç teknolojisi üzerine çalışmalar devam etmektedir. Bu çalışmalardan bir
kısmı mevcut enerji kayıplarının azaltılarak aynı batarya kapasitesi ile daha
uzun mesafe gidilmesini amaçlamaktadır. Araçlara uygulanan enerji geri kazanım
sistemleri ile enerji tasarrufu sağlayan çalışmalar mevcuttur. Frenlemede
kaybolan enerjinin geri kazanımı için kullanılan rejenaratif sistemler buna
örnektir. Bu çalışma kapsamında frenleme esnasından kaybolan kinetik enerjinin
geri kazanımı için bir elektrikli araçta simülasyon yapılmıştır. Simülasyon
sonucunda şehir içi kullanım için KERS ile %25 civarında enerji tasarrufu
sağlanabileceği görülmüştür.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Enerji yönetimi KERS rejeneratif frenleme ekonomik sürüş batarya yakıt tüketimi
Kaynakça
- C.-H. Cheng and J.-X. Ye, “GA-based neural network for energy recovery system of the electric motorcycle,” Expert Syst. Appl., vol. 38, no. 4, pp. 3034–3039, 2011.
- C. C. Chan, Modern Electric Vehicle Technology. Oxford University Press, 2001.
- P. Cazzorla, M. Gorner, J. Teter, and W. Yi, “Global EV Outlook 2016, Beyond one million electric cars,” Paris, France, 2016.
- J. Larminie and J. Lowry, Electric Vehicle Technology Explained. 2003.
- J. Cibulka, “Kinetic Energy Recovery system by means of Flywheel Energy storage device,” Adv. Eng., vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 27–38, 2009.
- R. Kapoor and C. M. Parveen, “Comparative study on various KERS,” in Proceedings of the World Congress on Engineering, 2013, vol. 3, pp. 3–5.
- J. M. W. Whiting, “A regenerative braking system for d . c . railway traction,” p. 100710, 1979.
- L. Pugi, M. Pagliai, A. Nocentini, G. Lutzemberger, and A. Pretto, “Design of a hydraulic servo-actuation fed by a regenerative braking,” Appl. Energy, vol. 187, pp. 96–115, 2017.
- Y. Chen, L. Zhou, X. Ning, and C. Zhao, “Design of Hybrid Electric Bus on Regenerative Braking System,” vol. 301, pp. 333–337, 2013.
- J. Walsh, T. Muneer, and A. N. Celik, “Design and analysis of kinetic energy recovery system for automobiles : Case study for commuters in Edinburgh,” pp. 1–12, 2013.
- G. Yanan, “Research on Electric Vehicle Regenerative Braking System and Energy Recovery,” Int. J. Hybrid Inf. Technol., vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 81–90, 2016.
- F. Wicks and K. Donnelly, “Modeling regenerative braking and storage for vehicles,” in Energy Conversion Engineering Conference, 1997. IECEC-97., Proceedings of the 32nd Intersociety, 1997, vol. 3, pp. 2030–2035.
- Y.-P. Yang, J.-J. Liu, and T.-H. Hu, “An energy management system for a directly-driven electric scooter,” Energy Convers. Manag., vol. 52, no. 1, pp. 621–629, 2011.
- S. M. Lukic, J. Cao, R. C. Bansal, F. Rodriguez, and A. Emadi, “Energy storage systems for automotive applications,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 55, no. 6, pp. 2258–2267, 2008.
- L. Hua, Z. Jian, X. Da, and M. Xiaojun, “Design for hybrid electric drive system of armored vehicle with two energy storage devices,” in Sustainable Power Generation and Supply, 2009. SUPERGEN’09. International Conference on, 2009, pp. 1–5.
- K. Inoue, K. Ogata, and T. Kato, “Efficient power regeneration and drive of an induction motor by means of optimal torque derived by the variational method,” Electr. Eng. Japan, vol. 173, no. 1, pp. 41–50, 2010.
- J. Van Mierlo, P. den Bossche, and G. Maggetto, “Models of energy sources for EV and HEV: fuel cells, batteries, ultracapacitors, flywheels and engine-generators,” J. Power Sources, vol. 128, no. 1, pp. 76–89, 2004.
- A. Boretti, “Comparison of fuel economies of high efficiency diesel and hydrogen engines powering a compact car with a flywheel based kinetic energy recovery systems,” Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, vol. 35, no. 16, pp. 8417–8424, 2010.
- UNECE, “UN Vehicle Regulations - 1958 Agreement,” 1992. [Online]. Available: http://www.unece.org/trans/main/wp29/wp29regs1-20.html. [Accessed: 06-Jun-2017].
- A. Brooker, K. Haraldsson, T. Hendricks, V. Johnson, K. Kelly, B. Kramer, T. Markel, M. O’Keefe, S. Sprik, K. Wipke, and M. Zolot, “National Renewable Energy Laboratory: ADVISOR Advanced Vehicle Simulator Documentation,” 2013.
Öz
Electric
cars are seen alternative in transport from the viewpoint of environment and
energy efficiency. Short range is one of the challenges facing prevent wide
spreading of these vehicles. Researches on storage systems and vehicle
technology are carried in order to increase the range of EVs. Some researches
aim more distance to go with the same battery capacity by decreasing energy
losses. Some researchers showed that energy conservation systems applicable to
automobile could recover kinetic energy. One of the energy recovery systems is
regenerative braking. In this study, a simulation was conducted to investigate
recovered energy in an electric vehicle with kinetic energy recovery system. As
a result, a 25% of energy saving for model electric vehicle was gathered by
using kinetic energy recovery system under driving circumstances in a sample
city cycle.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Energy management KERS regenerative braking economic driving battery fuel consumption
Kaynakça
- C.-H. Cheng and J.-X. Ye, “GA-based neural network for energy recovery system of the electric motorcycle,” Expert Syst. Appl., vol. 38, no. 4, pp. 3034–3039, 2011.
- C. C. Chan, Modern Electric Vehicle Technology. Oxford University Press, 2001.
- P. Cazzorla, M. Gorner, J. Teter, and W. Yi, “Global EV Outlook 2016, Beyond one million electric cars,” Paris, France, 2016.
- J. Larminie and J. Lowry, Electric Vehicle Technology Explained. 2003.
- J. Cibulka, “Kinetic Energy Recovery system by means of Flywheel Energy storage device,” Adv. Eng., vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 27–38, 2009.
- R. Kapoor and C. M. Parveen, “Comparative study on various KERS,” in Proceedings of the World Congress on Engineering, 2013, vol. 3, pp. 3–5.
- J. M. W. Whiting, “A regenerative braking system for d . c . railway traction,” p. 100710, 1979.
- L. Pugi, M. Pagliai, A. Nocentini, G. Lutzemberger, and A. Pretto, “Design of a hydraulic servo-actuation fed by a regenerative braking,” Appl. Energy, vol. 187, pp. 96–115, 2017.
- Y. Chen, L. Zhou, X. Ning, and C. Zhao, “Design of Hybrid Electric Bus on Regenerative Braking System,” vol. 301, pp. 333–337, 2013.
- J. Walsh, T. Muneer, and A. N. Celik, “Design and analysis of kinetic energy recovery system for automobiles : Case study for commuters in Edinburgh,” pp. 1–12, 2013.
- G. Yanan, “Research on Electric Vehicle Regenerative Braking System and Energy Recovery,” Int. J. Hybrid Inf. Technol., vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 81–90, 2016.
- F. Wicks and K. Donnelly, “Modeling regenerative braking and storage for vehicles,” in Energy Conversion Engineering Conference, 1997. IECEC-97., Proceedings of the 32nd Intersociety, 1997, vol. 3, pp. 2030–2035.
- Y.-P. Yang, J.-J. Liu, and T.-H. Hu, “An energy management system for a directly-driven electric scooter,” Energy Convers. Manag., vol. 52, no. 1, pp. 621–629, 2011.
- S. M. Lukic, J. Cao, R. C. Bansal, F. Rodriguez, and A. Emadi, “Energy storage systems for automotive applications,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 55, no. 6, pp. 2258–2267, 2008.
- L. Hua, Z. Jian, X. Da, and M. Xiaojun, “Design for hybrid electric drive system of armored vehicle with two energy storage devices,” in Sustainable Power Generation and Supply, 2009. SUPERGEN’09. International Conference on, 2009, pp. 1–5.
- K. Inoue, K. Ogata, and T. Kato, “Efficient power regeneration and drive of an induction motor by means of optimal torque derived by the variational method,” Electr. Eng. Japan, vol. 173, no. 1, pp. 41–50, 2010.
- J. Van Mierlo, P. den Bossche, and G. Maggetto, “Models of energy sources for EV and HEV: fuel cells, batteries, ultracapacitors, flywheels and engine-generators,” J. Power Sources, vol. 128, no. 1, pp. 76–89, 2004.
- A. Boretti, “Comparison of fuel economies of high efficiency diesel and hydrogen engines powering a compact car with a flywheel based kinetic energy recovery systems,” Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, vol. 35, no. 16, pp. 8417–8424, 2010.
- UNECE, “UN Vehicle Regulations - 1958 Agreement,” 1992. [Online]. Available: http://www.unece.org/trans/main/wp29/wp29regs1-20.html. [Accessed: 06-Jun-2017].
- A. Brooker, K. Haraldsson, T. Hendricks, V. Johnson, K. Kelly, B. Kramer, T. Markel, M. O’Keefe, S. Sprik, K. Wipke, and M. Zolot, “National Renewable Energy Laboratory: ADVISOR Advanced Vehicle Simulator Documentation,” 2013.
Ayrıntılar
| Konular | Elektrik Mühendisliği, Makine Mühendisliği |
|---|---|
| Bölüm | Araştırma Makalesi |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 1 Aralık 2017 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 5 Eylül 2017 |
| Kabul Tarihi | 25 Ekim 2017 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2017 Cilt: 21 Sayı: 6 |
Kaynak Göster
Cited By
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Advisor Based Modelling of Regenerative Braking Performance of Electric Vehicles at Different Road Slopes
International Journal of Automotive Science And Technology
Mehmet Akif KUNT
https://doi.org/10.30939/ijastech..717097
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