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Chemical and Radiological Characterizations of the Desert Dust Coming from Northern Africa to Batman (Southeastern Turkey)

Year 2022, Volume: 43 Issue: 3, 526 - 533, 30.09.2022

Ümit Işık , Uğur Çevik , Dicle Bal Akkoca , Kahraman Oğuz , Nevzat Damla

https://doi.org/10.17776/csj.1052281

Abstract

This work investigates the chemical and radiological characterizations of the dust coming from Sahara in North Africa to Batman city in the southeastern region of Turkey on 20 May 2017. According to meteorological maps, the source region of the dust storm that took place in Batman was found to be Libya, which is supported by the NOAA HYSPLIT model’s back trajectory analysis. XRD analyses show that the common minerals of the dust samples are quartz, feldspars, calcite, dolomite, hematite and rutile. Chemical patterns of some major, minor and trace elements in dust samples are generally consistent with those of Saharan Dust composition. The heavy metals in the dust follow the decreasing concentration order: Mn > Zn > Cr >Ni > Cu > Pb. The enrichment factors (EF) of these elements show anthropogenic contamination effects with regard to Zn, Cr and S elements in dust samples. The corresponding values of the radionuclides, the absorbed dose rates in the air and the annual effective doses in the samples were also evaluated and compared to the internationally recommended values. The findings are supposed to be beneficial for tracking and evaluating any environmental pollution inventory in this area.

Keywords

Dust Chemical analysis Radioactivity Enrichment factor Trajectory analysis.

References

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  • [2] Kim Hyun-Sun, Kim Dong-Sik, Kim Ho, Yi Seung-Muk., Relationship between mortality and fine particles during Asian dust, smog–Asian dust, and smog days in Korea, Int J Environ Health Res., 22(6) (2012) 518–530.
  • [3] Chung Yong-Seung, Yoon Ma-Beong., On the occurrence of yellow sand and atmospheric loadings, Atmos. Environ., 30(13) (1996) 2387–2397.
  • [4] Goudie A.S., Middleton N. J., Saharan dust storms: nature and consequences, Earth. Sci. Rev., 56 (1-4) (2001) 179–204.
  • [5] Ababneh Z.Q., Ababneh A.M., Alsagabi S., Almasoud F.I., A study of the radioactivity in the dust storm event of April 2015 in Arabian Peninsula, Radiat. Prot. Dosim., 179 (2) (2018) 108-118.
  • [6] Avila A., Queralt-Mitjans I., Alarcón M., Mineralogical composition of African dust delivered by red rains over northeastern Spain, J Geophys Res., 102 (D18) (1997) 21977-21996.
  • [7] Guieu C., Loÿe-Pilot M.D., Ridame C., Thomas C., Chemical characterization of the Saharan dust end-member: Some biogeochemical implications for the western Mediterranean Sea, J. Geophys. Res., 107(D15) (2002) 4258-4268.
  • [8] Morales-Baquero R., Pulido-Villena E., Reche I, Atmospheric inputs of phosphorus and nitrogen to the southwest Mediterranean region: Biogeochemical responses of high mountain lakes, Limnol. Oceanogr., 51(2) (2006) 830–837.
  • [9] Abdallah M.J, Eyadeh M.M., Hamadneh H.H., Akour A.N., Hawamdeh M. M., Almaaitah I. F., Radiological Characterization of Settled Dust during a Severe Dust Episode in Jordan, Jordan Journal of Physics.,12 (2) (2019) 183-189.
  • [10] Damla N., Cevik U., Kobya A. I., Celik A., Van Grieken R., Kobya Y., Radiological characterization of gas concrete used in building materials in Turkey, J. Hazard. Mater. 168 (2009) 681-687.
  • [11] Isik U., Damla N., Bal Akkoca D., Cevik U., Mineralogical, geochemical and radiological characterisation of Selmo Formation in Batman area, Turkey, Isot Environ Health Stud.,48(2) (2012) 302–312.
  • [12] Radulescu I., Blebea-Apostu A.M., Margineanu R.M., Mocanu N., Background radiation reduction for a high-resolution gamma-ray spectrometer used for environmental radioactivity measurements, Nucl. Instrum. Methods. Phys. Res A., 715(2013)112–118.
  • [13] Damla N., Cevik U., Kobya A.I., Ataksor B., Isık U., Assessment of environmental radioactivity for Batman, Turkey, Environ. Monit. Assess., 160 (1-4) (2010) 401-412.
  • [14] Damla N., Aldemir K., Radon survey and soil gamma doses in primary schools of Batman, Turkey, Isot Environ Health Stud., 50 (2) (2014) 226-234.
  • [15] Scheuvens D., Schütz L., Kandler K., Ebert M., Weinbruch S., Bulk composition of northern African dust and its source sediments – A compilation, Earth, Sci. Rev., 116 (2013) 170–194.
  • [16] Formenti P., Schütz L., Balkanski Y., Desboeufs K., Ebert M., Kandler K., Petzold A., Scheuvens D., Weinbruch S., Zhang D., Recent progress in understanding physical and chemical properties of African and Asian mineral dust, Atmos. Chem. Phys.,11(16) (2011) 8231–8256.
  • [17] Journet E., Balkanski Y., Harrison S. P., A new data set of soil mineralogy for dust-cycle modelling, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14 (8) (2014) 3801–3816.
  • [18] Zhang X., Zhao L., Tong D. Q., Wu G., Dan M., Teng B., A systematic review of global desert dust and associated human health effects, Atmosphere., 7(12) (2016) 158.
  • [19] Hornung H., Krom M.D., Cohen Y., Trace metal distribution on sediments and benthic fauna of Haifa Bay, Israel, Estuar Coast Shelf Sci., 29(1) (1989) 43-56.
  • [20] Schaule B. K., Patterson C. C., Lead concentrations in the northeast Pacific: Evidence for global anthropogenic perturbations., Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 54(1) (1981) 97 – 116.
  • [21] Lyamani H., Olmo F.J, Alados-Arboledas L., Saharan dust outbreak over southeastern Spain as detected by sunphotomer, Atmos. Environ., 39(38) (2005) 7276- 7284.
  • [22] Sholkovitz E. R., Sedwick P. N., Church T.M., Influence of anthropogenic combustion emissions on the atmospheric deposition of soluble aerosol iron to the oceans: Empirical estimates for island sites in the North Atlantic, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta., 73(14) (2009) 3981-4003.
  • [23] Garrison V.H., Majewski M. S., Konde L., Wolf R. E., Otto R. D., Tsuneoka Y., Inhalable desert dust, urban emissions, and potentially biotoxic metals in urban Saharan-Sahelian air, Sci. Total Environ., 500-501 (2014) 383-394.
  • [24] UNSCEAR. Sources and effects of ionizing radiation. New York: United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation; 2000.

Year 2022, Volume: 43 Issue: 3, 526 - 533, 30.09.2022

Ümit Işık , Uğur Çevik , Dicle Bal Akkoca , Kahraman Oğuz , Nevzat Damla

https://doi.org/10.17776/csj.1052281

Abstract

References

  • [1] De Longueville Florence, Ozer P., Doumbia S., Henry S., Desert Dust Impacts on Human Health: An Alarming Worldwide Reality and a Need for Studies in West Africa, Int J Biometeorol., 57(1) (2013)1–19.
  • [2] Kim Hyun-Sun, Kim Dong-Sik, Kim Ho, Yi Seung-Muk., Relationship between mortality and fine particles during Asian dust, smog–Asian dust, and smog days in Korea, Int J Environ Health Res., 22(6) (2012) 518–530.
  • [3] Chung Yong-Seung, Yoon Ma-Beong., On the occurrence of yellow sand and atmospheric loadings, Atmos. Environ., 30(13) (1996) 2387–2397.
  • [4] Goudie A.S., Middleton N. J., Saharan dust storms: nature and consequences, Earth. Sci. Rev., 56 (1-4) (2001) 179–204.
  • [5] Ababneh Z.Q., Ababneh A.M., Alsagabi S., Almasoud F.I., A study of the radioactivity in the dust storm event of April 2015 in Arabian Peninsula, Radiat. Prot. Dosim., 179 (2) (2018) 108-118.
  • [6] Avila A., Queralt-Mitjans I., Alarcón M., Mineralogical composition of African dust delivered by red rains over northeastern Spain, J Geophys Res., 102 (D18) (1997) 21977-21996.
  • [7] Guieu C., Loÿe-Pilot M.D., Ridame C., Thomas C., Chemical characterization of the Saharan dust end-member: Some biogeochemical implications for the western Mediterranean Sea, J. Geophys. Res., 107(D15) (2002) 4258-4268.
  • [8] Morales-Baquero R., Pulido-Villena E., Reche I, Atmospheric inputs of phosphorus and nitrogen to the southwest Mediterranean region: Biogeochemical responses of high mountain lakes, Limnol. Oceanogr., 51(2) (2006) 830–837.
  • [9] Abdallah M.J, Eyadeh M.M., Hamadneh H.H., Akour A.N., Hawamdeh M. M., Almaaitah I. F., Radiological Characterization of Settled Dust during a Severe Dust Episode in Jordan, Jordan Journal of Physics.,12 (2) (2019) 183-189.
  • [10] Damla N., Cevik U., Kobya A. I., Celik A., Van Grieken R., Kobya Y., Radiological characterization of gas concrete used in building materials in Turkey, J. Hazard. Mater. 168 (2009) 681-687.
  • [11] Isik U., Damla N., Bal Akkoca D., Cevik U., Mineralogical, geochemical and radiological characterisation of Selmo Formation in Batman area, Turkey, Isot Environ Health Stud.,48(2) (2012) 302–312.
  • [12] Radulescu I., Blebea-Apostu A.M., Margineanu R.M., Mocanu N., Background radiation reduction for a high-resolution gamma-ray spectrometer used for environmental radioactivity measurements, Nucl. Instrum. Methods. Phys. Res A., 715(2013)112–118.
  • [13] Damla N., Cevik U., Kobya A.I., Ataksor B., Isık U., Assessment of environmental radioactivity for Batman, Turkey, Environ. Monit. Assess., 160 (1-4) (2010) 401-412.
  • [14] Damla N., Aldemir K., Radon survey and soil gamma doses in primary schools of Batman, Turkey, Isot Environ Health Stud., 50 (2) (2014) 226-234.
  • [15] Scheuvens D., Schütz L., Kandler K., Ebert M., Weinbruch S., Bulk composition of northern African dust and its source sediments – A compilation, Earth, Sci. Rev., 116 (2013) 170–194.
  • [16] Formenti P., Schütz L., Balkanski Y., Desboeufs K., Ebert M., Kandler K., Petzold A., Scheuvens D., Weinbruch S., Zhang D., Recent progress in understanding physical and chemical properties of African and Asian mineral dust, Atmos. Chem. Phys.,11(16) (2011) 8231–8256.
  • [17] Journet E., Balkanski Y., Harrison S. P., A new data set of soil mineralogy for dust-cycle modelling, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14 (8) (2014) 3801–3816.
  • [18] Zhang X., Zhao L., Tong D. Q., Wu G., Dan M., Teng B., A systematic review of global desert dust and associated human health effects, Atmosphere., 7(12) (2016) 158.
  • [19] Hornung H., Krom M.D., Cohen Y., Trace metal distribution on sediments and benthic fauna of Haifa Bay, Israel, Estuar Coast Shelf Sci., 29(1) (1989) 43-56.
  • [20] Schaule B. K., Patterson C. C., Lead concentrations in the northeast Pacific: Evidence for global anthropogenic perturbations., Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 54(1) (1981) 97 – 116.
  • [21] Lyamani H., Olmo F.J, Alados-Arboledas L., Saharan dust outbreak over southeastern Spain as detected by sunphotomer, Atmos. Environ., 39(38) (2005) 7276- 7284.
  • [22] Sholkovitz E. R., Sedwick P. N., Church T.M., Influence of anthropogenic combustion emissions on the atmospheric deposition of soluble aerosol iron to the oceans: Empirical estimates for island sites in the North Atlantic, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta., 73(14) (2009) 3981-4003.
  • [23] Garrison V.H., Majewski M. S., Konde L., Wolf R. E., Otto R. D., Tsuneoka Y., Inhalable desert dust, urban emissions, and potentially biotoxic metals in urban Saharan-Sahelian air, Sci. Total Environ., 500-501 (2014) 383-394.
  • [24] UNSCEAR. Sources and effects of ionizing radiation. New York: United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation; 2000.
There are 24 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Classical Physics (Other)
Journal Section Natural Sciences
Authors

Ümit Işık 0000-0003-2889-2832

Uğur Çevik 0000-0002-9797-0294

Dicle Bal Akkoca 0000-0002-6567-7739

Kahraman Oğuz 0000-0001-5305-6145

Nevzat Damla 0000-0003-1253-597X

Publication Date September 30, 2022
Submission Date January 2, 2022
Acceptance Date August 8, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022Volume: 43 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Işık, Ü., Çevik, U., Bal Akkoca, D., Oğuz, K., et al. (2022). Chemical and Radiological Characterizations of the Desert Dust Coming from Northern Africa to Batman (Southeastern Turkey). Cumhuriyet Science Journal, 43(3), 526-533. https://doi.org/10.17776/csj.1052281
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