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A Theoretical Study on the Production Cross–Section Calculations for 24Na Medical Isotope

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 14 Sayı: 2, 802 - 813, 31.08.2021
https://doi.org/10.18185/erzifbed.912173

Öz

24Na is a beta and gamma emitting radioisotope that is widely used in medical and engineering fields. It is often used in medical radiotracing. This radioisotope with a half-life of 15 hours is mostly produced in cyclotrons. The cross-section of a radioisotope is used to obtain various data about the production of that radioisotope. In cases where it is not possible to obtain experimental data, missing data can be completed with cross-section calculations and the obtained data can be compared with experimental, saving time, cost and effort. This study was carried out for detailed analysis of cross-section calculations for 24Na isotope, which has a wide range of usage in medicine and industry. In this direction, the cross-sections obtained from different simulation programs were compared with literature data of the reactions. Production cross-sections of the 24Na isotope were investigated in the 23Na(d,p)24Na, 24Mg(n,p)24Na, 25Mg(n,n+p)24Na, 25Mg(p,2p)24Na, 26Mg(d,α)24Na and 27Al(n,α)24Na reactions with the equilibrium and pre-equilibrium models of nuclear reaction codes of TALYS 1.95 and EMPIRE 3.2. Results were compared with experimental data from the EXFOR data library. The relevance of the models to the reactions was discussed and calculations were made using the relative variance analysis method to determine the best model.

Kaynakça

  • Bowen, L.H., Irvine Jr, J.W., 1962. “Nuclear Excitation Functions and Thick-Target Yields F19, Na23, As75(d,t) and Na23, As75(d,p)”. Physical Review, 127, 1698.
  • Butler, J.P., Santry, D.C., 1963. “Excitation Curves for the Reactions Al27(n,α)Na24 and Mg24(n,p)Na24”. Canadian Journal of Physics, 41, 372.
  • Clarke, E.T., Irvine Jr, J.W., 1944. “Nuclear Excitation Functions. Na23(d,p)Na24, Br81(d,p)Br82 and Br(d,2n)Kr (34 hr)”. Physical Review, 66, 231.
  • Cohen, B.L., Reynolds H.L., Zucker, A., 1954. “Comparison of Nitrogen and Proton-induced Nuclear Reactions”. Physical Review, 96, 1617.
  • Geraldo, L.P., Smith, D.L., Meadows, J.W., 1989. “Activation Cross Section Measurements Near Threshold for the 24Mg(n,p)24Na and 27Al(n,α)24Na Reactions”. Annals of Nuclear Energy, 16, 293.
  • Grundl, J.A., Henkel, R.L..Perkins, B.L, 1958. “P-31(n,p)Si-31 and Al-27(n,a)Na-24 Cross Sections”. Physical Review, 109, 425. Herman M., 2007. EMPIRE: Nuclear Reaction Model Code System for Data Evaluation, Nuclear Data Sheets, 108(12): 2655-2715. December 2007.
  • Hirsh, T.Y., Kreisel, A., Mrazek, J., Weissman, L., Eisen, Y., Stefanik, M., Simeckova, E., Aviv, O., Moscovici, S., Yungrais, Z., Berkovits, D., 2015. “Accurate Measurement of the 23Na(d,p)24Na Cross-Section in the 1.7-20 MeV Energy Range”. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms, 362, 29.
  • IAEA (International Energy Agency). “Cyclotron Produced Radionuclides: Principles and Practice”, Technical Reports Series No. 465, https://www-pub.iaea.org/MTCD/publications/PDF/trs465_web.pdf, Access Date: 21.03.2021.
  • IAEA (International Energy Agency). “Leak Detection in Heat Exchangers and Underground Pipelines Using Radiotracers, Training Course Series No. 38, https://www-pub.iaea.org/MTCD/publications/PDF/TCS-38_web.pdf, Access Date: 21.03.2021.
  • IAEA (International Energy Agency). “Radiotracer technology as applied to industry”, Tecdoc No. 1262, https://www.iaea.org/publications/6369/radiotracer-technology-as-applied-to-industry, Access Date: 24.03.2021. IAEA (International Energy Agency). “Radiotracers”, https://www.iaea.org/topics/radiotracers, Access Date: 23.03.2021.
  • Ikeda, Y., Konno, C., Oishi, K. Nakamura, T., Miyade, H., Kawade, K., Yamamoto, H., Katoh T., 1988. “Activation Cross Section Measurements For Fusion Reactor Structural Materials at Neutron Energy From 13.3 To 15.0 MeV Using FNS Facility”. JAERI Reports, 1312.
  • Ji-Zhou, L., Han-Lin, L., , Pei-Guo, F., Jian-Zhou, H., 1989. “Measurement of Cross Section for the Reaction Mg-24(n,p)Na-24”. Chinese Journal of Nuclear Physics (Beijing)., 3(3), 286.
  • Kaplan, A., Şekerci, M., Özdoğan, H., Demir, B., 2020. “A Study on the Calculations of Cross–Sections for 66,67Ga and 75Se Radionuclides Production Reactions via 3He Particles”. Eskisehir Technical University Journal of Science and Technology A - Applied Sciences and Engineering, 21(4), 554-561.
  • Karaman, O., Özdoğan, H., Üncü, Y. A., Karaman, C., Tanır, A. G., 2020. “Investigation of the effects of different composite materials on neutron contamination caused by medical LINAC”, Kerntechnik, 85 (5), 401-407.
  • Kety, S. S, 1948. “Quantitative measurement of regional circulation by the clearance of radioactive sodium”. The American Journal of the Medical Sciences, 215 (3), 352.
  • Koning, A., Hilaire, S., Goriely, S., 2019. TALYS–1.95 A Nuclear Reaction Program, User Manual, 3nd ed. December 2019.
  • Kurenkov, N. V., Luneva, V. P., Shubina, Yu. N., 1999. “Evaluation of Calculation Methods for Excitation Functions for Production of Radioisotopes of Iodine, Thallium and Other Elements“.Applied Radiation and Isotopes, 50, 541–549.
  • Lange, J., Muenzel, H., Gantner, E., 1969. “Deuteron Excitation Functions for the Formation of Na-24 and Na-22 from Na-23 using NaCl-Carbon Films”. Radiochimica Acta, 11, 121.
  • Mannhart, W., Schmidt, D., 2007. “Measurement of Neutron Activation Cross Sections in the Energy Range from 8 MeV to 15 MeV”. Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt Neutronenphysik Reports, 53.
  • Menlove, T., 1967. “Activation Cross Sections for the F19(n,2n)F18, Na23(n,2n)Na22, Mn55(n,2n)Mn54, In115(n,2n)In114m, Ho165(n,2n)Ho164m, In115(n,n)In115m and Al27(n,a)Na24 Reactions”. Physical Review, 163, 1308.
  • Millazzo-Colli, L., Braga-Marcazzan, G.M., Milazzo, M., 1974. “Nucleus Emission Mechanisms in Neutron-Induced Reactions“.Zeitschrift für Physik A Atomic Nuclei, 296, 341–357.
  • Moulton, R., Spencer, A., Willoughby, D. A., 1957. “Noradrenaline Sensitivity in Hypertension Measured with a Radioactive Sodium Technique”. Heart, 20, 2.
  • Özdogan, H., 2019. “Theoretical Calculations of Production Cross–Sections for the 201Pb, 111In, 18F and 11C Radioisotopes at Proton Induced Reactions”. Applied Radiation and Isotopes, 143, 1-5.
  • Özdoğan, H., 2021. “Estimation of (n,p) reaction cross sections at 14.5 ∓0.5 MeV neutron energy by using artificial neural network”. Applied Radiation and Isotopes, 170, 109584.
  • Özdoğan, H., Sarpün, İ. H., Şekerci, M., Kaplan, A., 2021d. “Production cross-section calculations of 111In via proton and alpha-induced nuclear reactions”, Modern Physics Letters A, 169, 109583.
  • Özdoğan, H., Şekerci, M., Kaplan, A., 2019a. “Investigation of gamma strength functions and level density models effects on photon induced reaction cross–section calculations for the fusion structural materials 46,50Ti, 51V, 58Ni and 63Cu”, Applied Radiation and Isotopes, 143, 6-10.
  • Özdoğan, H., Şekerci, M., Kaplan, A., 2019b. “A new developed semi-empirical formula for the (a,p) reaction cross-section at 19±1 MeV”, Modern Physics Letters A, 34(6), 1950044.
  • Özdoğan, H., Şekerci, M., Kaplan, A., 2019c. “S-Factor Analysis of Proton Capture Reactions on 112,114,116,119Sn and 113,115In Isotopes”, Physics of Atomic Nuclei, 82, 324-329.
  • Özdoğan, H., Şekerci, M., Kaplan, A., 2020a. “Photo-neutron cross-section calculations of 54,56Fe, 90,91,92,94Zr, 93Nb and 107Ag Isotopes with newly obtained Giant Dipole Resonance parameters”, Applied Radiation and Isotopes, 165, 109356.
  • Özdoğan, H., Şekerci, M., Kaplan, A., 2020b. “An Investigation on the Effects of Some Theoretical Models in the Cross-Section Calculations of 50,52,53,54Cr(a,x) Reactions Isotopes”, Physics of Atomic Nuclei, 83, 820-827.
  • Özdoğan, H., Şekerci, M., Kaplan, A., 2021a. “ Production cross-section and reaction yield calculations for 123-126I isotopes on 123Sb(α,xn) reactions”, Kuwait Journal of Science, 82(2).
  • Özdoğan, H., Üncü, Y. A., Karaman, O., Şekerci, M., Kaplan, A., 2021b. “Estimations of giant dipole resonance parameters using artificial neural network”, Applied Radiation and Isotopes, 169, 109581.
  • Özdoğan, H., Üncü, Y. A., Şekerci, M., Kaplan, A., 2021c. “Estimations of level density parameters by using artificial neural network for phenomenological level density models”, Applied Radiation and Isotopes, 169, 109583.
  • Paulsen, A. and Liskien, H., 1965. “Cross Sections For The Reactions Mn55(n,2n), Co59(n,2n) Mg24(n,p) and Al27(n,α) in the 12.6-19.6 MeV Energy Region”. Journal of Nuclear Energy. Parts A/B. Reactor Science and Technology, 19, 907.
  • Quimby, E. H. and Smith, B. C., 1944. “Tracer Studies With Radioactive Sodium in Patients with Peripheral Vascular Disease”. Science, 100(2591), 175-7.
  • Roehm, H. F., Verwey, C. J., Steyn, J., Rautenbach, W. L., 1969. “Excitation Functions for the Mg-24(d,α)Na-22, Mg-26(d,α)Na-24 and Al-27(d,α+p)Na 24 Reactions”. Journal of Inorganic and Nuclear Chemistry, 31, 3345.
  • Sarpün, İ. H., Özdoğan, H., Taşdöven, K., Yalım, H. A., Kaplan, A., 2019. “Theoretical photoneutron cross-section calculations on Osmium isotopes by Talys and Empire codes” Modern Physics Letters A, 34(26), 1950210.
  • Semple, R., Mcdonald, L., Ekins, R.P., 1951. “Radioactive Sodium in the Measurement of Local Blood Flow”. American Heart Journal, 41(6), 803-9.
  • Smith, B. C. and Quimby, E. H., 1947. “The Use of Radioactive Sodium in the Study of Peripheral Vascular Disease”. Annals of Surgery, 125, 360.
  • Şekerci M., Özdoğan H., Kaplan A., 2019, “Investigation on the Different Production Routes of 67Ga Radioisotope by Using Different Level Density Models”, Moscow University Physics Bulletin, 74, 277-281.
  • Şekerci M., Özdoğan H., Kaplan A., 2020a. “An investigation of effects of level density models and gamma ray strength functions on cross-section calculations for the production of 90Y, 153Sm, 169Er, 177Lu and 186Re therapeutic radioisotopes via (n,g) reactions”, Radiochimica Acta, 108 (1), 11-17.
  • Şekerci M., Özdoğan H., Kaplan A., 2020b. “Level density model effects on the production cross-section calculations of some medical isotopes via (a, xn) reactions where x = 1–3”, Modern Physics Letters A, 35(24), 2050202.
  • Şekerci M., Özdoğan H., Kaplan A., 2020c. “Astrophysical S-Factor Calculations under the Effects of Gamma-Ray Strength Functions for Some Alpha Capture Reactions”, Moscow University Physics Bulletin, 75, 585-589.
  • Şekerci, M. and Kaplan, A., 2018. “151,153Eu Izotoplarinda (p,n) ve (p,3n) Reaksiyonları Icin Tesir Kesiti Hesaplamaları ve Seviye Yogunlugu Modellerinin Incelenmesi”. Suleyman Demirel University Faculty of Arts and Science Journal of Science, 13(2), 132-143.
  • Şekerci, M., 2019. “Bazi Medikal Radyoizotoplarin (α,xn) Reaksiyonlariyla Uretim Tesir Kesiti Hesaplamalarinda Seviye Yogunlugu Modellerinin Etkilerinin Incelenmesi”. Igdır University Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology, 9(4), 2035-2047.
  • Şekerci, M., 2020a. “An investigation of the effects of level density models and alpha optical model potentials on the cross-section calculations for the production of the radionuclides 62Cu, 67Ga, 86Y and 89Zr via some alpha induced reactions”. Radiochimica Acta, 108 (6), 459-467.
  • Şekerci, M., 2020b. “Theoretical Cross-Section Calculations for the (a,n) and (a,2n) Reactions on 46Ti, 50Cr, 54Fe, and 93Nb Isotopes, Moscow University Physics Bulletin, 75, 123–132.
  • Uno, Y., Meigo, S., Chiba, S. Fukahori, T., Kasugai, Y., Iwamoto, O. Siegler, P. Ikeda, Y., 1996. “Measurements of Activation Cross Sections for the Neutron Dosimetry at an Energy Range from 17.5 to 30 MeV by Using the 7Li(p,n) Quasi-Mono-Energetic Neutron Source”. 9. Internat. Symposium on Reactor Dosimetry, Prague , 465.
  • Zerkin, V. V., Pritychenko, B., 2018. “The Experimental Nuclear Reaction Data (EXFOR): Extended Computer Database and Web Retrieval System”. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, 888, 31-43.

A Theoretical Study on the Production Cross–Section Calculations for 24Na Medical Isotope

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 14 Sayı: 2, 802 - 813, 31.08.2021
https://doi.org/10.18185/erzifbed.912173

Öz

24Na is a beta and gamma emitting radioisotope that is widely used in medical field as medical radiotracing. This radioisotope with a half-life of 14.977 hours is mostly produced in cyclotrons. The cross-section of a radioisotope is used to obtain various data about the production of that radioisotope. In cases where it is not possible to obtain experimental data, missing data can be completed with cross-section calculations and the obtained data can be compared with experimental, saving time, cost and effort. This study was carried out for detailed analysis of cross-section calculations for 24Na isotope, which has a wide range of usage in medicine. In this direction, the cross-sections obtained from different computation programs were compared with literature data of the reactions. Production cross-sections of the 24Na isotope were investigated in the 23Na(d,p)24Na, 24Mg(n,p)24Na, 25Mg(n,n+p)24Na, 25Mg(p,2p)24Na, 26Mg(d,α)24Na and 27Al(n,α)24Na reactions with the equilibrium and pre-equilibrium models of nuclear reaction codes of TALYS 1.95 and EMPIRE 3.2. Results were compared with experimental data from the EXFOR data library. The relevance of the models to the reactions was discussed and calculations were made using the relative variance analysis method to determine the most consistent model.

Kaynakça

  • Bowen, L.H., Irvine Jr, J.W., 1962. “Nuclear Excitation Functions and Thick-Target Yields F19, Na23, As75(d,t) and Na23, As75(d,p)”. Physical Review, 127, 1698.
  • Butler, J.P., Santry, D.C., 1963. “Excitation Curves for the Reactions Al27(n,α)Na24 and Mg24(n,p)Na24”. Canadian Journal of Physics, 41, 372.
  • Clarke, E.T., Irvine Jr, J.W., 1944. “Nuclear Excitation Functions. Na23(d,p)Na24, Br81(d,p)Br82 and Br(d,2n)Kr (34 hr)”. Physical Review, 66, 231.
  • Cohen, B.L., Reynolds H.L., Zucker, A., 1954. “Comparison of Nitrogen and Proton-induced Nuclear Reactions”. Physical Review, 96, 1617.
  • Geraldo, L.P., Smith, D.L., Meadows, J.W., 1989. “Activation Cross Section Measurements Near Threshold for the 24Mg(n,p)24Na and 27Al(n,α)24Na Reactions”. Annals of Nuclear Energy, 16, 293.
  • Grundl, J.A., Henkel, R.L..Perkins, B.L, 1958. “P-31(n,p)Si-31 and Al-27(n,a)Na-24 Cross Sections”. Physical Review, 109, 425. Herman M., 2007. EMPIRE: Nuclear Reaction Model Code System for Data Evaluation, Nuclear Data Sheets, 108(12): 2655-2715. December 2007.
  • Hirsh, T.Y., Kreisel, A., Mrazek, J., Weissman, L., Eisen, Y., Stefanik, M., Simeckova, E., Aviv, O., Moscovici, S., Yungrais, Z., Berkovits, D., 2015. “Accurate Measurement of the 23Na(d,p)24Na Cross-Section in the 1.7-20 MeV Energy Range”. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms, 362, 29.
  • IAEA (International Energy Agency). “Cyclotron Produced Radionuclides: Principles and Practice”, Technical Reports Series No. 465, https://www-pub.iaea.org/MTCD/publications/PDF/trs465_web.pdf, Access Date: 21.03.2021.
  • IAEA (International Energy Agency). “Leak Detection in Heat Exchangers and Underground Pipelines Using Radiotracers, Training Course Series No. 38, https://www-pub.iaea.org/MTCD/publications/PDF/TCS-38_web.pdf, Access Date: 21.03.2021.
  • IAEA (International Energy Agency). “Radiotracer technology as applied to industry”, Tecdoc No. 1262, https://www.iaea.org/publications/6369/radiotracer-technology-as-applied-to-industry, Access Date: 24.03.2021. IAEA (International Energy Agency). “Radiotracers”, https://www.iaea.org/topics/radiotracers, Access Date: 23.03.2021.
  • Ikeda, Y., Konno, C., Oishi, K. Nakamura, T., Miyade, H., Kawade, K., Yamamoto, H., Katoh T., 1988. “Activation Cross Section Measurements For Fusion Reactor Structural Materials at Neutron Energy From 13.3 To 15.0 MeV Using FNS Facility”. JAERI Reports, 1312.
  • Ji-Zhou, L., Han-Lin, L., , Pei-Guo, F., Jian-Zhou, H., 1989. “Measurement of Cross Section for the Reaction Mg-24(n,p)Na-24”. Chinese Journal of Nuclear Physics (Beijing)., 3(3), 286.
  • Kaplan, A., Şekerci, M., Özdoğan, H., Demir, B., 2020. “A Study on the Calculations of Cross–Sections for 66,67Ga and 75Se Radionuclides Production Reactions via 3He Particles”. Eskisehir Technical University Journal of Science and Technology A - Applied Sciences and Engineering, 21(4), 554-561.
  • Karaman, O., Özdoğan, H., Üncü, Y. A., Karaman, C., Tanır, A. G., 2020. “Investigation of the effects of different composite materials on neutron contamination caused by medical LINAC”, Kerntechnik, 85 (5), 401-407.
  • Kety, S. S, 1948. “Quantitative measurement of regional circulation by the clearance of radioactive sodium”. The American Journal of the Medical Sciences, 215 (3), 352.
  • Koning, A., Hilaire, S., Goriely, S., 2019. TALYS–1.95 A Nuclear Reaction Program, User Manual, 3nd ed. December 2019.
  • Kurenkov, N. V., Luneva, V. P., Shubina, Yu. N., 1999. “Evaluation of Calculation Methods for Excitation Functions for Production of Radioisotopes of Iodine, Thallium and Other Elements“.Applied Radiation and Isotopes, 50, 541–549.
  • Lange, J., Muenzel, H., Gantner, E., 1969. “Deuteron Excitation Functions for the Formation of Na-24 and Na-22 from Na-23 using NaCl-Carbon Films”. Radiochimica Acta, 11, 121.
  • Mannhart, W., Schmidt, D., 2007. “Measurement of Neutron Activation Cross Sections in the Energy Range from 8 MeV to 15 MeV”. Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt Neutronenphysik Reports, 53.
  • Menlove, T., 1967. “Activation Cross Sections for the F19(n,2n)F18, Na23(n,2n)Na22, Mn55(n,2n)Mn54, In115(n,2n)In114m, Ho165(n,2n)Ho164m, In115(n,n)In115m and Al27(n,a)Na24 Reactions”. Physical Review, 163, 1308.
  • Millazzo-Colli, L., Braga-Marcazzan, G.M., Milazzo, M., 1974. “Nucleus Emission Mechanisms in Neutron-Induced Reactions“.Zeitschrift für Physik A Atomic Nuclei, 296, 341–357.
  • Moulton, R., Spencer, A., Willoughby, D. A., 1957. “Noradrenaline Sensitivity in Hypertension Measured with a Radioactive Sodium Technique”. Heart, 20, 2.
  • Özdogan, H., 2019. “Theoretical Calculations of Production Cross–Sections for the 201Pb, 111In, 18F and 11C Radioisotopes at Proton Induced Reactions”. Applied Radiation and Isotopes, 143, 1-5.
  • Özdoğan, H., 2021. “Estimation of (n,p) reaction cross sections at 14.5 ∓0.5 MeV neutron energy by using artificial neural network”. Applied Radiation and Isotopes, 170, 109584.
  • Özdoğan, H., Sarpün, İ. H., Şekerci, M., Kaplan, A., 2021d. “Production cross-section calculations of 111In via proton and alpha-induced nuclear reactions”, Modern Physics Letters A, 169, 109583.
  • Özdoğan, H., Şekerci, M., Kaplan, A., 2019a. “Investigation of gamma strength functions and level density models effects on photon induced reaction cross–section calculations for the fusion structural materials 46,50Ti, 51V, 58Ni and 63Cu”, Applied Radiation and Isotopes, 143, 6-10.
  • Özdoğan, H., Şekerci, M., Kaplan, A., 2019b. “A new developed semi-empirical formula for the (a,p) reaction cross-section at 19±1 MeV”, Modern Physics Letters A, 34(6), 1950044.
  • Özdoğan, H., Şekerci, M., Kaplan, A., 2019c. “S-Factor Analysis of Proton Capture Reactions on 112,114,116,119Sn and 113,115In Isotopes”, Physics of Atomic Nuclei, 82, 324-329.
  • Özdoğan, H., Şekerci, M., Kaplan, A., 2020a. “Photo-neutron cross-section calculations of 54,56Fe, 90,91,92,94Zr, 93Nb and 107Ag Isotopes with newly obtained Giant Dipole Resonance parameters”, Applied Radiation and Isotopes, 165, 109356.
  • Özdoğan, H., Şekerci, M., Kaplan, A., 2020b. “An Investigation on the Effects of Some Theoretical Models in the Cross-Section Calculations of 50,52,53,54Cr(a,x) Reactions Isotopes”, Physics of Atomic Nuclei, 83, 820-827.
  • Özdoğan, H., Şekerci, M., Kaplan, A., 2021a. “ Production cross-section and reaction yield calculations for 123-126I isotopes on 123Sb(α,xn) reactions”, Kuwait Journal of Science, 82(2).
  • Özdoğan, H., Üncü, Y. A., Karaman, O., Şekerci, M., Kaplan, A., 2021b. “Estimations of giant dipole resonance parameters using artificial neural network”, Applied Radiation and Isotopes, 169, 109581.
  • Özdoğan, H., Üncü, Y. A., Şekerci, M., Kaplan, A., 2021c. “Estimations of level density parameters by using artificial neural network for phenomenological level density models”, Applied Radiation and Isotopes, 169, 109583.
  • Paulsen, A. and Liskien, H., 1965. “Cross Sections For The Reactions Mn55(n,2n), Co59(n,2n) Mg24(n,p) and Al27(n,α) in the 12.6-19.6 MeV Energy Region”. Journal of Nuclear Energy. Parts A/B. Reactor Science and Technology, 19, 907.
  • Quimby, E. H. and Smith, B. C., 1944. “Tracer Studies With Radioactive Sodium in Patients with Peripheral Vascular Disease”. Science, 100(2591), 175-7.
  • Roehm, H. F., Verwey, C. J., Steyn, J., Rautenbach, W. L., 1969. “Excitation Functions for the Mg-24(d,α)Na-22, Mg-26(d,α)Na-24 and Al-27(d,α+p)Na 24 Reactions”. Journal of Inorganic and Nuclear Chemistry, 31, 3345.
  • Sarpün, İ. H., Özdoğan, H., Taşdöven, K., Yalım, H. A., Kaplan, A., 2019. “Theoretical photoneutron cross-section calculations on Osmium isotopes by Talys and Empire codes” Modern Physics Letters A, 34(26), 1950210.
  • Semple, R., Mcdonald, L., Ekins, R.P., 1951. “Radioactive Sodium in the Measurement of Local Blood Flow”. American Heart Journal, 41(6), 803-9.
  • Smith, B. C. and Quimby, E. H., 1947. “The Use of Radioactive Sodium in the Study of Peripheral Vascular Disease”. Annals of Surgery, 125, 360.
  • Şekerci M., Özdoğan H., Kaplan A., 2019, “Investigation on the Different Production Routes of 67Ga Radioisotope by Using Different Level Density Models”, Moscow University Physics Bulletin, 74, 277-281.
  • Şekerci M., Özdoğan H., Kaplan A., 2020a. “An investigation of effects of level density models and gamma ray strength functions on cross-section calculations for the production of 90Y, 153Sm, 169Er, 177Lu and 186Re therapeutic radioisotopes via (n,g) reactions”, Radiochimica Acta, 108 (1), 11-17.
  • Şekerci M., Özdoğan H., Kaplan A., 2020b. “Level density model effects on the production cross-section calculations of some medical isotopes via (a, xn) reactions where x = 1–3”, Modern Physics Letters A, 35(24), 2050202.
  • Şekerci M., Özdoğan H., Kaplan A., 2020c. “Astrophysical S-Factor Calculations under the Effects of Gamma-Ray Strength Functions for Some Alpha Capture Reactions”, Moscow University Physics Bulletin, 75, 585-589.
  • Şekerci, M. and Kaplan, A., 2018. “151,153Eu Izotoplarinda (p,n) ve (p,3n) Reaksiyonları Icin Tesir Kesiti Hesaplamaları ve Seviye Yogunlugu Modellerinin Incelenmesi”. Suleyman Demirel University Faculty of Arts and Science Journal of Science, 13(2), 132-143.
  • Şekerci, M., 2019. “Bazi Medikal Radyoizotoplarin (α,xn) Reaksiyonlariyla Uretim Tesir Kesiti Hesaplamalarinda Seviye Yogunlugu Modellerinin Etkilerinin Incelenmesi”. Igdır University Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology, 9(4), 2035-2047.
  • Şekerci, M., 2020a. “An investigation of the effects of level density models and alpha optical model potentials on the cross-section calculations for the production of the radionuclides 62Cu, 67Ga, 86Y and 89Zr via some alpha induced reactions”. Radiochimica Acta, 108 (6), 459-467.
  • Şekerci, M., 2020b. “Theoretical Cross-Section Calculations for the (a,n) and (a,2n) Reactions on 46Ti, 50Cr, 54Fe, and 93Nb Isotopes, Moscow University Physics Bulletin, 75, 123–132.
  • Uno, Y., Meigo, S., Chiba, S. Fukahori, T., Kasugai, Y., Iwamoto, O. Siegler, P. Ikeda, Y., 1996. “Measurements of Activation Cross Sections for the Neutron Dosimetry at an Energy Range from 17.5 to 30 MeV by Using the 7Li(p,n) Quasi-Mono-Energetic Neutron Source”. 9. Internat. Symposium on Reactor Dosimetry, Prague , 465.
  • Zerkin, V. V., Pritychenko, B., 2018. “The Experimental Nuclear Reaction Data (EXFOR): Extended Computer Database and Web Retrieval System”. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, 888, 31-43.
Toplam 49 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Mühendislik
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Tuğçe Gülümser 0000-0002-1168-4917

Abdullah Kaplan 0000-0003-2990-0187

Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Ağustos 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021 Cilt: 14 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Gülümser, T., & Kaplan, A. (2021). A Theoretical Study on the Production Cross–Section Calculations for 24Na Medical Isotope. Erzincan University Journal of Science and Technology, 14(2), 802-813. https://doi.org/10.18185/erzifbed.912173