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Determination of Antioxidant Capacity, Total Phenolic Content and Phenolic Acid Profiles of Some Wild Fruit

Yıl 2021, Sayı: 21, 191 - 197, 31.01.2021
https://doi.org/10.31590/ejosat.818925

Öz

In this study, it was aimed to determine the phenolic substance profiles and antioxidant activities of wild fruit species such as, wild pear, hawthorn, cornelian cherry, firethorn which grow naturally in Turkey. For this purpose, the samples dried in the drying oven has been used in extraction. Total phenolic content was determined by FCR method, antioxidant capacity was determined by DPPH, CUPRAC, ABTS and β-carotene bleaching methods. The phenolic profiles of the fruits were illuminated by HPLC. Total phenolic content of the fruits was determined as 493 (wild pear), 847 (hawtorn), 823 (cornelian cherry), 2555 (firethorn) mg GAE/100 g. The results of antioxidant capacity of the wild pear, hawtorn, cornelian cherry and firethorn were determined as 12.275, 22.754, 47.705, 83.134 %TAC in DPPH method, 0.258, 0.619, 0.684, 2.871 mmol TE/g in CUPRAC, 73.78, 49.33, 51.56, 79.34 % TEAC in ABTS and 93.63%, 96.67%, 88.70%, 97.18% in β-carotene bleaching method, in respect. The fruits mainly contain chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, vanillic acid and synapic acid.

Kaynakça

  • Apak, R., Güçlü, K., Demirata, B., Özyürek, M., Çelik, S.E., Bektaşoğlu, B., Berker, K.I., & Özyurt, D. (2007). Comparative evaluation of various total antioxidant capacity assays applied to phenolic compounds with the CUPRAC assay. Molecules, 12:1496-1547.
  • Aykut, K., & Konuklugil, B. (2018). Cornus mas L. ve fitoterapideki önemi. J. Lit Pharm Sci. 7(3): 185-193.
  • Bahorun, T., Aumjaud, E., Ramphul, H., Rycha, M., Luximon-Ramma, A., Trotin, F., & Aruoma, O.I. (2003). Phenolic constituents and antioxidant capacities of Crataegus monogyna (Hawthorn) callus extracts. Molecular Nutrition & Food Research, 47(3):191-198.
  • Baltas, N. (2017). Investigation of a wild pear species (Pyrus elaeagnifolia subsp. Elaeagnifolia Pallas) from Antalya, Turkey: polyphenol oxidase properties and anti-xanthine oxidase, anti-urease, and antioxidant activity. International Journal of Food Properties. Volume 20, 2017 Issue 3.
  • Brahamı, D., & Karrour, L. (2016). Etude comparative de deux procédés de séchage de Pyracantha coccinea. Université Mouloud MAMMERI de Tizi-Ouzou, Faculté des Sciences Biologiques et Agronomiques, Département Biochimie et Microbiologie.
  • Cemeroğlu, B. (2007). Gıda analizlerinde genel yöntemler, Gıda Analizleri, s. 45-128, Bizim Büro Basımevi, Ankara.
  • Chang, Q., & Zuo, Z. (2002). Hawtorn. The Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 42, 605-612.
  • Cosmulescu, S., Trandafir, I., & Nour, V. (2017). Phenolic acids and flavonoids profiles of extracts from edible wild fruits and their antioxidant properties, International Journal of Food Properties, 20:12, 3124-3134.
  • Çakır, Ö., & Akbulut, K. (2020). Comparison of Two Wild Grown Berberis Varieties Based on Biochemical Characterization.
  • Çalışkan, O., Gündüz, K., Serçe, S., Toplu, C., Kamiloglu, Ö., Sengül, M., & Ercisli, S. (2012). Phytochemical characterization of several hawthorn (Crataegus spp.) species sampled from the Eastern Mediterranean region of Turkey. Pharmacognosy Magazine, 8(29):1-16.
  • Çoklar, H., & Akbulut, M. (2016). Alıç (Crataegus orientalis) meyvesinin antioksidan aktivitesi ve fenolik bileşiklerinin ekstraksiyonu üzerine farklı çözgenlerin etkisi. Derim, 33(2), 237-248.
  • Çoklar, H., Akbulut, M., Kılınç, S., Yıldırım, A., & Alhassan, I. (2018). Effect of freeze, oven and microwave pretreated oven drying on color, browning ındex, phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity of hawthorn (Crataegus orientalis) Fruit. Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca, 46(2):449-456.
  • Çöteli, E., & Karataş, F. (2017). Ateş Dikeninin (Pyracantha coccinea Roemer var. lalandi) Kırmızı Meyvelerindeki A, E, C Vitamini, β-Karoten, Likopen, Glutatyon ve Malondialdehit Miktarlarının Araştırılması. Fırat Univ. Journal of Science 29(1), 41-46.
  • Ercişli, S., Yanar, M., Sengul, M., Yıldız, H., Topdas, E. F., Taskin, T., Zengin, Y., & Yilmaz, K.U. (2015). Physico-chemical and biological activity of hawthorn (Crataegus spp. L.) fruits in Turkey. Acta Scientiarum Polonorum-Hortorum Cultus, 14(1):83-93.
  • Fico, G., Bilia, A. R., Morelli, I., & Tome, F. (2000). Flavonoid distribution in Pyracantha coccinea plants at different growth phases. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, 28(7):673–678.
  • Gill, M., Barberan, T., Pierce, B.H., Holcroft, D.M., & Kader, A.A. (2000). Antioxidant activity of pomegranate juice and its relationship with phenolic composition and processing. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 48:4581-4589.
  • Hassanpour, H., Hamidoghli, Y., Hajilo, J. & Adlipour, M. (2011). Antioxidant capacity and phytochemical properties of cornelian cherry (Cornus mas L.) genotypes in Iran. Scientia Horticulturae. Vol. 129; pp. 459-463.
  • Kaur, C., & Kapoor, H.C. (2002). Anti-oxidant activity and total phenolic content of some Asian vegetables. International Journal of Food Science and Technology. 37(2): 153-161.
  • Keser, S. (2014). Antiradical activities and phytochemical compounds of firethorn (Pyracanthacoccinea) fruit extracts. Natural Product Research, 28(20): 1789-1794.
  • Kökosmanlı, M., & Keleş, F. (2000). Erzurum’da yetiştirilen kızılcık meyvesinin marmelat ve pulpa işlenerek değerlendirilmesi. Gıda, 25(4), 289-298.
  • Murathan, Z.T., Erbil, N., Düzgüner, V., & Arslan, M. (2019). Şakok Armudunun (Pyrus elaeagnifila pallas) antioksidan, antimikrobiyal ve mutajenik özelliklerinin incelenmesi. Erzincan Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 12(1): 447-456, ISSN: 1307-9085, e-ISSN: 2149-4584.
  • Okatan, V., Gündoğdu, M., & Çolak, A.M. (2017). Uşak’ta yetişen farklı alıç (crataegus spp.) genotipi meyvelerinin bazı kimyasal ve pomolojik karakterlerinin belirlenmesi. Iğdır Univ. J. Inst. Sci. & Tech. 7(3):39-44.
  • Oliveira, E.G., Rosa, G. S., Moraes, M.A., & Pinto, L.A. (2008). Phycocyanin content of Spirulina platensis dried in spouted bed and thin layer. Journal of Food Process Engineering, 31:34–50.
  • Özcan, M., Hacıseferoğulları, H., Marakoğlu, T., & Arslan, D. (2005). Hawthorn (Crataegus spp.) fruit: some physical and chemical properties. Journal of Food Engineering, 69, 409- 415.
  • Öztürk, N., Tunçel, M., & Tuncel, N.B. (2007). Determination of phenolic acids by a modified HPLC: Its application to various plant materials. Journal of Liquid Chromatography and Related Technologies, 30: 587-596.
  • Rimm, E.B., Aschiero, A., Giovannucci, E., Spiegelman, D., Stampfer, M.J., & Willett, W. C. (1996). Vegetables, fruit, and cereal fiber intake and risk of coronary heart disease among men. J. Am. Med. Assoc, 275, 447–451.
  • Semerci, A.B., Tunç, K., & Okur, İ. (2020). Antioxidant activity of the fruits of Pyracantha coccinea using ethanolic extract method. Food and Health, 6(1), 35-40.
  • Singleton, V.L., & Rossi, J.A. (1965). Colorimetry of total phenolics with phosphomolybdic-phosphotungstic acid reagents. American Journal of Enology and Viticulture, 16, 144-158.
  • Terry, P., Terry, J.B., & Wolk, A. (2001). Fruit and vegetable consumption in the prevention of cancer: an update. J. Intern. Med. 250, 280–290.
  • Tural, S., & Koca, I. (2008). Physico-chemical and antioxidant properties of cornelian cherry fruits (Cornus mas L.) grown in Turkey. Scientia Horticulturae, 116, 362–366.
  • Vinson, J., Su, X., Zubik, L., & Bose, P. (2001). Phenol antioxidant quantity and quality in foods: fruits. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 49(11):5315-21. DOI: 10.1021/jf0009293.
  • Yılmaz, K. U., Ercişli, S., Cam, M., Uzun, A., Yılmaztekin, M., Kafkas, E., & Pınar, H. (2015). Fruit weight, total phenolics, acidity and sugar content of edible wild pear (pyrus elaeagnifolia pall.) fruits. Erwerbs-Obstbau, 57: 179.
  • Yigit, D. (2018). Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Evaluation of Fruit Extract from Cornus mas L. Aksaray. J. Sci. Eng. Volume 2, Issue 1, pp. 41-51 doi: 10.29002/asujse. 329856.
  • Ziegler, R. G. (1991). Vegetables, fruits and carotenoids and the risk of cancer. Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 53, 251–259.

Bazı Yabani Meyve Türlerinin Antioksidan Kapasitesi, Toplam Fenolik Madde İçeriği ve Fenolik Asit Profilinin Belirlenmesi

Yıl 2021, Sayı: 21, 191 - 197, 31.01.2021
https://doi.org/10.31590/ejosat.818925

Öz

Bu çalışmada ülkemizde doğal olarak yetişen ahlat, alıç, kızılcık ve ateş dikeni meyvelerinin fenolik madde profilleri ve antioksidan kapasitelerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Meyve örnekleri etüv yardımıyla kurutularak ekstrakte edilmiştir. Sonrasında ise toplam fenolik madde içeriği Folin Ciocalteu (FCR) ayıracı ile antioksidan kapasiteleri ise DPPH, CUPRAC, ABTS ve β-karoten ağartma yöntemleri kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Meyvelerin fenolik madde profilleri ise yüksek performanslı sıvı kromatografisi (HPLC) yoluyla 9 fenolik asit standardı kullanılarak belirlenmiştir. Ahlat, alıç, kızılcık ve ateş dikeni meyvelerinin toplam fenolik madde içerikleri sırası ile 493, 847, 823, 2555 mg GAE/100g olarak belirlenmiştir. İncelenen numunelerin DPPH yöntemine göre antioksidan kapasiteleri sırası ile %12.275, %22.754, %47.705, %83.134; CUPRAC yöntemine göre antioksidan kapasiteleri 0.258, 0.619, 0.684, 2.871 mmol TE/g; ABTS yöntemine göre antioksidan kapasiteleri 73.78, 49.33, 51.56, 79.34 %TEAC ve β-karoten ağartma metoduna göre %93.63, %96.67, %88.70, %97.18 olarak saptanmıştır. HPLC kullanılarak elde edilen fenolik profil sonuçlarına göre incelenen yabani meyvelerde klorojenik asit, kafeik asit, vanilik asit ve sinapik asit bileşenlerinin ağırlıklı olduğu tespit edilmiştir.

Kaynakça

  • Apak, R., Güçlü, K., Demirata, B., Özyürek, M., Çelik, S.E., Bektaşoğlu, B., Berker, K.I., & Özyurt, D. (2007). Comparative evaluation of various total antioxidant capacity assays applied to phenolic compounds with the CUPRAC assay. Molecules, 12:1496-1547.
  • Aykut, K., & Konuklugil, B. (2018). Cornus mas L. ve fitoterapideki önemi. J. Lit Pharm Sci. 7(3): 185-193.
  • Bahorun, T., Aumjaud, E., Ramphul, H., Rycha, M., Luximon-Ramma, A., Trotin, F., & Aruoma, O.I. (2003). Phenolic constituents and antioxidant capacities of Crataegus monogyna (Hawthorn) callus extracts. Molecular Nutrition & Food Research, 47(3):191-198.
  • Baltas, N. (2017). Investigation of a wild pear species (Pyrus elaeagnifolia subsp. Elaeagnifolia Pallas) from Antalya, Turkey: polyphenol oxidase properties and anti-xanthine oxidase, anti-urease, and antioxidant activity. International Journal of Food Properties. Volume 20, 2017 Issue 3.
  • Brahamı, D., & Karrour, L. (2016). Etude comparative de deux procédés de séchage de Pyracantha coccinea. Université Mouloud MAMMERI de Tizi-Ouzou, Faculté des Sciences Biologiques et Agronomiques, Département Biochimie et Microbiologie.
  • Cemeroğlu, B. (2007). Gıda analizlerinde genel yöntemler, Gıda Analizleri, s. 45-128, Bizim Büro Basımevi, Ankara.
  • Chang, Q., & Zuo, Z. (2002). Hawtorn. The Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 42, 605-612.
  • Cosmulescu, S., Trandafir, I., & Nour, V. (2017). Phenolic acids and flavonoids profiles of extracts from edible wild fruits and their antioxidant properties, International Journal of Food Properties, 20:12, 3124-3134.
  • Çakır, Ö., & Akbulut, K. (2020). Comparison of Two Wild Grown Berberis Varieties Based on Biochemical Characterization.
  • Çalışkan, O., Gündüz, K., Serçe, S., Toplu, C., Kamiloglu, Ö., Sengül, M., & Ercisli, S. (2012). Phytochemical characterization of several hawthorn (Crataegus spp.) species sampled from the Eastern Mediterranean region of Turkey. Pharmacognosy Magazine, 8(29):1-16.
  • Çoklar, H., & Akbulut, M. (2016). Alıç (Crataegus orientalis) meyvesinin antioksidan aktivitesi ve fenolik bileşiklerinin ekstraksiyonu üzerine farklı çözgenlerin etkisi. Derim, 33(2), 237-248.
  • Çoklar, H., Akbulut, M., Kılınç, S., Yıldırım, A., & Alhassan, I. (2018). Effect of freeze, oven and microwave pretreated oven drying on color, browning ındex, phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity of hawthorn (Crataegus orientalis) Fruit. Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca, 46(2):449-456.
  • Çöteli, E., & Karataş, F. (2017). Ateş Dikeninin (Pyracantha coccinea Roemer var. lalandi) Kırmızı Meyvelerindeki A, E, C Vitamini, β-Karoten, Likopen, Glutatyon ve Malondialdehit Miktarlarının Araştırılması. Fırat Univ. Journal of Science 29(1), 41-46.
  • Ercişli, S., Yanar, M., Sengul, M., Yıldız, H., Topdas, E. F., Taskin, T., Zengin, Y., & Yilmaz, K.U. (2015). Physico-chemical and biological activity of hawthorn (Crataegus spp. L.) fruits in Turkey. Acta Scientiarum Polonorum-Hortorum Cultus, 14(1):83-93.
  • Fico, G., Bilia, A. R., Morelli, I., & Tome, F. (2000). Flavonoid distribution in Pyracantha coccinea plants at different growth phases. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, 28(7):673–678.
  • Gill, M., Barberan, T., Pierce, B.H., Holcroft, D.M., & Kader, A.A. (2000). Antioxidant activity of pomegranate juice and its relationship with phenolic composition and processing. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 48:4581-4589.
  • Hassanpour, H., Hamidoghli, Y., Hajilo, J. & Adlipour, M. (2011). Antioxidant capacity and phytochemical properties of cornelian cherry (Cornus mas L.) genotypes in Iran. Scientia Horticulturae. Vol. 129; pp. 459-463.
  • Kaur, C., & Kapoor, H.C. (2002). Anti-oxidant activity and total phenolic content of some Asian vegetables. International Journal of Food Science and Technology. 37(2): 153-161.
  • Keser, S. (2014). Antiradical activities and phytochemical compounds of firethorn (Pyracanthacoccinea) fruit extracts. Natural Product Research, 28(20): 1789-1794.
  • Kökosmanlı, M., & Keleş, F. (2000). Erzurum’da yetiştirilen kızılcık meyvesinin marmelat ve pulpa işlenerek değerlendirilmesi. Gıda, 25(4), 289-298.
  • Murathan, Z.T., Erbil, N., Düzgüner, V., & Arslan, M. (2019). Şakok Armudunun (Pyrus elaeagnifila pallas) antioksidan, antimikrobiyal ve mutajenik özelliklerinin incelenmesi. Erzincan Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 12(1): 447-456, ISSN: 1307-9085, e-ISSN: 2149-4584.
  • Okatan, V., Gündoğdu, M., & Çolak, A.M. (2017). Uşak’ta yetişen farklı alıç (crataegus spp.) genotipi meyvelerinin bazı kimyasal ve pomolojik karakterlerinin belirlenmesi. Iğdır Univ. J. Inst. Sci. & Tech. 7(3):39-44.
  • Oliveira, E.G., Rosa, G. S., Moraes, M.A., & Pinto, L.A. (2008). Phycocyanin content of Spirulina platensis dried in spouted bed and thin layer. Journal of Food Process Engineering, 31:34–50.
  • Özcan, M., Hacıseferoğulları, H., Marakoğlu, T., & Arslan, D. (2005). Hawthorn (Crataegus spp.) fruit: some physical and chemical properties. Journal of Food Engineering, 69, 409- 415.
  • Öztürk, N., Tunçel, M., & Tuncel, N.B. (2007). Determination of phenolic acids by a modified HPLC: Its application to various plant materials. Journal of Liquid Chromatography and Related Technologies, 30: 587-596.
  • Rimm, E.B., Aschiero, A., Giovannucci, E., Spiegelman, D., Stampfer, M.J., & Willett, W. C. (1996). Vegetables, fruit, and cereal fiber intake and risk of coronary heart disease among men. J. Am. Med. Assoc, 275, 447–451.
  • Semerci, A.B., Tunç, K., & Okur, İ. (2020). Antioxidant activity of the fruits of Pyracantha coccinea using ethanolic extract method. Food and Health, 6(1), 35-40.
  • Singleton, V.L., & Rossi, J.A. (1965). Colorimetry of total phenolics with phosphomolybdic-phosphotungstic acid reagents. American Journal of Enology and Viticulture, 16, 144-158.
  • Terry, P., Terry, J.B., & Wolk, A. (2001). Fruit and vegetable consumption in the prevention of cancer: an update. J. Intern. Med. 250, 280–290.
  • Tural, S., & Koca, I. (2008). Physico-chemical and antioxidant properties of cornelian cherry fruits (Cornus mas L.) grown in Turkey. Scientia Horticulturae, 116, 362–366.
  • Vinson, J., Su, X., Zubik, L., & Bose, P. (2001). Phenol antioxidant quantity and quality in foods: fruits. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 49(11):5315-21. DOI: 10.1021/jf0009293.
  • Yılmaz, K. U., Ercişli, S., Cam, M., Uzun, A., Yılmaztekin, M., Kafkas, E., & Pınar, H. (2015). Fruit weight, total phenolics, acidity and sugar content of edible wild pear (pyrus elaeagnifolia pall.) fruits. Erwerbs-Obstbau, 57: 179.
  • Yigit, D. (2018). Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Evaluation of Fruit Extract from Cornus mas L. Aksaray. J. Sci. Eng. Volume 2, Issue 1, pp. 41-51 doi: 10.29002/asujse. 329856.
  • Ziegler, R. G. (1991). Vegetables, fruits and carotenoids and the risk of cancer. Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 53, 251–259.
Toplam 34 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Mühendislik
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Büşra Tüysüz 0000-0003-3155-2820

Özlem Çakır 0000-0002-5080-7721

Enes Dertli 0000-0002-0421-6103

Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Ocak 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021 Sayı: 21

Kaynak Göster

APA Tüysüz, B., Çakır, Ö., & Dertli, E. (2021). Bazı Yabani Meyve Türlerinin Antioksidan Kapasitesi, Toplam Fenolik Madde İçeriği ve Fenolik Asit Profilinin Belirlenmesi. Avrupa Bilim Ve Teknoloji Dergisi(21), 191-197. https://doi.org/10.31590/ejosat.818925