Rumeli Journal of Islamic Studies

Abstract

It is unfortunate that in most researches of Islamic decorative art, especially the research of the Great Seljuk period that was called the golden age of Iranian decorative arts has been little talked about of rich ornamental values of stucco decorations and inscriptions of the Heydarieh Mosque of Qazvin. According to this, one of the aims of this article, prepared with the title of the Great Seljuk Stucco Ornaments and Inscriptions of the Heydarieh Mosque of Qazvin, is to introduce the art of stucco decorations of the Heydarieh Mosque of Qazvin. Another aim of this article is to rediscover the exceptional value of the decorations of this mosque and understanding of the interaction scopes of the decoration of this mosque. Unfortunately, many of the stucco decorations of this mosque have been destroyed. According to the results, the stucco decorations in this mosques include inscriptions, vegetal and geometric decorations made using the embossing, engraving and stamping techniques. These decorations are generally located on the mihrab, the interior surfaces of the walls, the pointings between the bricks and the wall niches. Any source of information about the stucco decoration of the mosque is not available. Although there are different interpretations about the date of the decoration and the inscriptions of this mosque, based on the content of the kufi inscription on the interior surfaces of the wall of this mosque, it was found that these decorations and inscriptions are belong to the Amir Khomartash ibn Abdullah Emadi that who was Qazvin governor whose ruling coincides with the reign of Sultan Ghias-ud-Din Abu Shuja Muhammad ibn Malik-Shāh. Also according to the results of this research, the stucco decorations in this mosque, It is very similar to the decoration of the Sassanid period of Iran (61- 226), the decoration of the first Islamic era of Iran (around the tenth century AD), which were from Neyshabur excavations, stucco decorations discovered from Samarra Exploration (836-892), architectural ornaments of the Qarakhanid period (840-1212), stucco decorations from the Ghaznavid Period (1896-1996), Anatolian Seljuk Architectural decorations (1075-1308) and stucco decorations of the Ilkhanid Period of Iran (1256-1353).