BİREYSEL ETİKSEL İDEOLOJİLERİN ÜRETKENLİK KARŞITI İŞ DAVRANIŞLARI ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİ: UYGULAMALI BİR ÇALIŞMA
Abstract
Bireyler tek başlarına
gerçekleştiremeyecekleri ortak amaçlarını gerçekleştirmek için örgüt adı
verilen yapılanmalar altında bir araya gelmektedirler. Örgüt adı verilen bu
yapılanmaların gerçekleştirmek istedikleri bir takım amaçları söz konusudur.
Örgütsel amaçların başarılmasında çalışanların bireysel performansları temel
belirleyicilerden biridir. Çalışanlar her zaman pozitif davranışlar
sergilememekte, bazen de çeşitli sebeplerden dolayı örgütsel amaçları
baltalayıcı davranışlar gösterebilmektedirler. Bu davranışlardan birisi de
üretkenlik karşıtı iş davranışlarıdır. Planlanmış davranış teorisi birey
davranışlarının gerisinde kişisel tutum, öznel norm ve algılanan davranış
kontrol şeklinde sıralanan üç unsurun bulunduğunu ifade etmektedir. Dolayısıyla
davranışlar bir takım öncüllerin etkisiyle ortaya çıkmaktadır. Üretkenlik
karşıtı iş davranışlarının sergilenmesi üzerinde etkili olabilecek öncüllerden
birisi bireyin sahip olduğu etiksel ideolojidir. Bireysel etiksel ideolojiler,
idealizm ve rölativizm şeklinde iki boyutta ele alınmaktadır. Bu çalışmada,
bireysel etiksel ideolojilerin üretkenlik karşıtı iş davranışları üzerindekisi
etkisi itfaiye çalışanları örnekleminde incelenmiştir. Veri toplama yöntemi
olarak anket tekniğinden yararlanılmıştır. Araştırma bulguları, idealizmin
çalışma arkadaşlarına yönelik üretkenlik karşıtı iş davranışları, örgüte
yönelik üretkenlik karşıtı iş davranışları ve bir bütün olarak üretkenlik
karşıtı iş davranışları üzerinde anlamlı ve negatif yönlü etkiye sahip olduğunu
ortaya koymuştur. Buna karşın araştırma bulguları, rölativizmin çalışma
arkadaşlarına yönelik üretkenlik karşıtı iş davranışları, örgüte yönelik
üretkenlik karşıtı iş davranışları ve bir bütün olarak üretkenlik karşıtı iş
davranışları üzerinde anlamlı ve pozitif yönlü etkiye sahip olduğunu
göstermiştir. Araştırma bulgularından hareketle, uygulayıcılara ve bilim
insanlarına yönelik bir takım çıkarımlarda bulunulmuş ve çeşitli öneriler
geliştirilmiştir.
References
- Ajzen, I. and Fishbein, M. (1980). Understanding Attitudes and Predicting Social Behaviour, Eglewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
- Barnett, T., Bass, K. and Brown, G. (1994). Ethical ideology and ethical judgment regarding ethical issues in business. Journal of Business Ethics, 13(6), 469-480.
- Bateman, C. R., Valentine, S. and Rittenburg, T. (2013). Ethical decision making in a peer-to-peer file sharing situation: The role of moral absolutes and social consensus. Journal of Business Ethics, 115(2), 229-240.
- Dalal, R. S. (2005). A meta-analysis of the relationship between organizational citizenship behavior and counterproductive work behavior. Journal of Applied Psychology, 90(6), 1241.
- Dalal, R. S., Lam, H., Weiss, H. M., Welch, E. and Hulin, C. L. (2009). A dynamic approach to organizational citizenship behavior and counterproductive work behavior: Behavioral co-occurrence and switching, and dynamic relationships with mood and overall job performance. Academy of Management Journal, 52(5), 1051-1066.
- Davis, M. A., Andersen, M. G. and Curtis, M. B. (2001). Measuring ethical ideology in business ethics: A critical analysis of the ethics position questionnaire. Journal of Business Ethics, 32(1), 35-53.
- DeJoy, D. M., Smith, T. D. and Dyal, M. A. (2017). Safety climate and firefighting: focus group results. Journal of Safety Research, 62, 107-116.
- Dhamija, S. and Rai, S. (2018). “Role of Retaliation and Value Orientation in Whistleblowing Intentions”, Asian Journal of Business Ethics, 7, 37-52.
- Forsyth, D. R. (1980). A taxonomy of ethical ideologies. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 39(1), 175-184.
- Forsyth, D. R. (1992). “Judging the Morality of Business Practices: The Influence of Personal Moral Philosophies”, Journal of Business Ethics, 11(5-6), 461-470.
- Forsyth, D. R. and Pope, W. R. (1984). Ethical ideology and judgments of social psychological research: Multidimensional analysis. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 46(6), 1365.
- Fox, S., Spector, P. E. and Miles, D. (2001). Counterproductive work behavior (CWB) in response to job stressors and organizational justice: Some mediator and moderator tests for autonomy and emotions. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 59(3), 291-309.
- Gruys, M. L. and Sackett, P. R. (2003). Investigating the dimensionality of counterproductive work behavior. International Journal of Selection and Assessment, 11(1), 30-42.
- Hastings, S. E. and Finegan, J. E. (2011). The role of ethical ideology in reactions to injustice. Journal of Business Ethics, 100(4), 689-703.
- Henle, C. A., Giacalone, R. A. and Jurkiewicz, C. L. (2005). The role of ethical ideology in workplace deviance. Journal of Business Ethics, 56(3), 219-230.
- Hong, S., Park, E. H. and Cameron, G. (2019). Look who is warning: individual differences in motivation activation influence behaviors during disasters. Journal of Risk Research, 1-13.
- Jones, T. M. (1991). “Ethical Decision Making by Individuals in Organizations: An Issue-Contingent Model”, Academy of Management Review, 16(2), 366-395.
- Kao, F. H. and Cheng, B. S. (2017). Proservice or antiservice employee behaviors: A multilevel ethics perspective. Human Performance, 30(5), 272-290.
- Kott, J. K. (2012). The role of ethics in employee behavior. Master Thesis, The University of Tennessee at Chattanooga, Tennessee.
- Liu, N. T. and Ding, C. G. (2012). General ethical judgments, perceived organizational support, interactional justice, and workplace deviance. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 23(13), 2712-2735.
- Mudrack, P. E., Bloodgood, J. M. and Turnley, W. H. (2012). Some ethical implications of individual competitiveness. Journal of Business Ethics, 108(3), 347-359.
- Nakip, M. (2004). Pazarlama Araştırmalarına Giriş (SPSS Destekli), Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık.
- Rest, J. R. (1986). Moral Development: Advances in Research and Theory, New York: Praeger.
- Robinson, S. L. and Bennett, R. J. (1995). A typology of deviant workplace behaviors: A multidimensional scaling study. Academy of Management Journal, 38(2), 555-572.
- Robinson, S. L. and Bennett, R. J. (1997). Workplace Deviance: Its Definition, Its Manifestations, and Its Causes, R. J. Lewicki, R. J. Bies and B. H. Sheppard (eds.), Research on Negotiation in Organizations, Vol. 6, (pp. 3–27), Stamfort: JAI Press Inc.
- Singhapakdi, A., Kraft, K. L., Vitell, S. J. and Rallapalli, K. C. (1995). The perceived importance of ethics and social responsibility on organizational effectiveness: A survey of marketers. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 23(1), 49-56.
- Spector, P. E. and Fox, S. (2002). An emotion-centered model of voluntary work behavior: Some parallels between counterproductive work behavior and organizational citizenship behavior. Human Resource Management Review, 12(2), 269-292.
- Spector, P. E. and Fox, S. (2005). The Stressor-Emotion Model of Counterproductive Work Behavior, S. Fox & P. E. Spector (Eds.), Counterproductive work behavior: Investigations of actors and targets (pp. 151-174). Washington, DC, US: American Psychological Association.
- Trevino, L. K. (1986). Ethical Decision Making in Organizations: A Person-Situation Interactionist Model, Academy of Management Review, 11(3), 601-617.
- VanMeter, R. A., Grisaffe, D. B., Chonko, L. B. and Roberts, J. A. (2013). Generation Y’s ethical ideology and its potential workplace implications. Journal of Business Ethics, 117(1), 93-109.
- Vitell, S. J., Rallapalli, K. C. and Singhapakdi, A. (1993). Marketing norms: The influence of personal moral philosophies and organizational ethical culture. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 21(4), 331-337.
- Yang, J., & Treadway, D. C. (2018). A social influence interpretation of workplace ostracism and counterproductive work behavior. Journal of Business Ethics, 148(4), 879-891.
- Yazıcı, A. ve Yazıcı S. (2010). Etik Durum Ölçeğinin Geçerlilik Ve Güvenirlik Çalışması, Türk Eğitim Bilimleri Dergisi, 8(4), 1001-1017.
- Yıldız, B., Alpkan, L., Ateş, H. and Sezen, B. (2015). Determinants of constructive deviance: the mediator role of psychological ownership. International Business Research, 8(4), 107-121.
Abstract
Individuals come together under a structure, known
as organization, to achieve their common goals that they cannot realize alone.
These organizations have a number of aims to accomplish. The individual
performances of the employees in achieving organizational goals are one of the
main determinants. Employees do not always behave positively, and due to
various reasons, they may behave unfavorably against organizational goals. One
of these behaviors is counterproductive behavior. The theory of planned
behavior states that there are three factors fostering the individual
behaviors: personal attitude, subjective norm and perceived behavior control.
Consequently, these behaviors arise with the effect of a number of antecedents.
One of these antecedents that may have an influence on the demonstration of
counterproductive work behaviors is individual ethical ideology. Individual
ethical ideologies are discussed in two dimensions as idealism and relativism.
In this study, the effect of individual ethical ideologies on counterproductive
work behaviors was examined in the sample of fire workers. Survey technique was
used as data collection method. Findings of the study reveal that idealism has
a significant and negative effect on the counterproductive work behaviors and
its dimensions, counterproductive work behaviors against colleagues and counterproductive
work behaviors against organization. Research findings, on the other hand, show
that relativism positively and significantly affects the counterproductive work
behaviors and its dimensions. Based on the findings, a number of implications
and suggestions have been developed for practitioners and scientists.
References
- Ajzen, I. and Fishbein, M. (1980). Understanding Attitudes and Predicting Social Behaviour, Eglewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
- Barnett, T., Bass, K. and Brown, G. (1994). Ethical ideology and ethical judgment regarding ethical issues in business. Journal of Business Ethics, 13(6), 469-480.
- Bateman, C. R., Valentine, S. and Rittenburg, T. (2013). Ethical decision making in a peer-to-peer file sharing situation: The role of moral absolutes and social consensus. Journal of Business Ethics, 115(2), 229-240.
- Dalal, R. S. (2005). A meta-analysis of the relationship between organizational citizenship behavior and counterproductive work behavior. Journal of Applied Psychology, 90(6), 1241.
- Dalal, R. S., Lam, H., Weiss, H. M., Welch, E. and Hulin, C. L. (2009). A dynamic approach to organizational citizenship behavior and counterproductive work behavior: Behavioral co-occurrence and switching, and dynamic relationships with mood and overall job performance. Academy of Management Journal, 52(5), 1051-1066.
- Davis, M. A., Andersen, M. G. and Curtis, M. B. (2001). Measuring ethical ideology in business ethics: A critical analysis of the ethics position questionnaire. Journal of Business Ethics, 32(1), 35-53.
- DeJoy, D. M., Smith, T. D. and Dyal, M. A. (2017). Safety climate and firefighting: focus group results. Journal of Safety Research, 62, 107-116.
- Dhamija, S. and Rai, S. (2018). “Role of Retaliation and Value Orientation in Whistleblowing Intentions”, Asian Journal of Business Ethics, 7, 37-52.
- Forsyth, D. R. (1980). A taxonomy of ethical ideologies. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 39(1), 175-184.
- Forsyth, D. R. (1992). “Judging the Morality of Business Practices: The Influence of Personal Moral Philosophies”, Journal of Business Ethics, 11(5-6), 461-470.
- Forsyth, D. R. and Pope, W. R. (1984). Ethical ideology and judgments of social psychological research: Multidimensional analysis. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 46(6), 1365.
- Fox, S., Spector, P. E. and Miles, D. (2001). Counterproductive work behavior (CWB) in response to job stressors and organizational justice: Some mediator and moderator tests for autonomy and emotions. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 59(3), 291-309.
- Gruys, M. L. and Sackett, P. R. (2003). Investigating the dimensionality of counterproductive work behavior. International Journal of Selection and Assessment, 11(1), 30-42.
- Hastings, S. E. and Finegan, J. E. (2011). The role of ethical ideology in reactions to injustice. Journal of Business Ethics, 100(4), 689-703.
- Henle, C. A., Giacalone, R. A. and Jurkiewicz, C. L. (2005). The role of ethical ideology in workplace deviance. Journal of Business Ethics, 56(3), 219-230.
- Hong, S., Park, E. H. and Cameron, G. (2019). Look who is warning: individual differences in motivation activation influence behaviors during disasters. Journal of Risk Research, 1-13.
- Jones, T. M. (1991). “Ethical Decision Making by Individuals in Organizations: An Issue-Contingent Model”, Academy of Management Review, 16(2), 366-395.
- Kao, F. H. and Cheng, B. S. (2017). Proservice or antiservice employee behaviors: A multilevel ethics perspective. Human Performance, 30(5), 272-290.
- Kott, J. K. (2012). The role of ethics in employee behavior. Master Thesis, The University of Tennessee at Chattanooga, Tennessee.
- Liu, N. T. and Ding, C. G. (2012). General ethical judgments, perceived organizational support, interactional justice, and workplace deviance. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 23(13), 2712-2735.
- Mudrack, P. E., Bloodgood, J. M. and Turnley, W. H. (2012). Some ethical implications of individual competitiveness. Journal of Business Ethics, 108(3), 347-359.
- Nakip, M. (2004). Pazarlama Araştırmalarına Giriş (SPSS Destekli), Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık.
- Rest, J. R. (1986). Moral Development: Advances in Research and Theory, New York: Praeger.
- Robinson, S. L. and Bennett, R. J. (1995). A typology of deviant workplace behaviors: A multidimensional scaling study. Academy of Management Journal, 38(2), 555-572.
- Robinson, S. L. and Bennett, R. J. (1997). Workplace Deviance: Its Definition, Its Manifestations, and Its Causes, R. J. Lewicki, R. J. Bies and B. H. Sheppard (eds.), Research on Negotiation in Organizations, Vol. 6, (pp. 3–27), Stamfort: JAI Press Inc.
- Singhapakdi, A., Kraft, K. L., Vitell, S. J. and Rallapalli, K. C. (1995). The perceived importance of ethics and social responsibility on organizational effectiveness: A survey of marketers. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 23(1), 49-56.
- Spector, P. E. and Fox, S. (2002). An emotion-centered model of voluntary work behavior: Some parallels between counterproductive work behavior and organizational citizenship behavior. Human Resource Management Review, 12(2), 269-292.
- Spector, P. E. and Fox, S. (2005). The Stressor-Emotion Model of Counterproductive Work Behavior, S. Fox & P. E. Spector (Eds.), Counterproductive work behavior: Investigations of actors and targets (pp. 151-174). Washington, DC, US: American Psychological Association.
- Trevino, L. K. (1986). Ethical Decision Making in Organizations: A Person-Situation Interactionist Model, Academy of Management Review, 11(3), 601-617.
- VanMeter, R. A., Grisaffe, D. B., Chonko, L. B. and Roberts, J. A. (2013). Generation Y’s ethical ideology and its potential workplace implications. Journal of Business Ethics, 117(1), 93-109.
- Vitell, S. J., Rallapalli, K. C. and Singhapakdi, A. (1993). Marketing norms: The influence of personal moral philosophies and organizational ethical culture. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 21(4), 331-337.
- Yang, J., & Treadway, D. C. (2018). A social influence interpretation of workplace ostracism and counterproductive work behavior. Journal of Business Ethics, 148(4), 879-891.
- Yazıcı, A. ve Yazıcı S. (2010). Etik Durum Ölçeğinin Geçerlilik Ve Güvenirlik Çalışması, Türk Eğitim Bilimleri Dergisi, 8(4), 1001-1017.
- Yıldız, B., Alpkan, L., Ateş, H. and Sezen, B. (2015). Determinants of constructive deviance: the mediator role of psychological ownership. International Business Research, 8(4), 107-121.
Details
| Primary Language | Turkish |
|---|---|
| Journal Section | DERGİNİN TAMAMI |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | December 31, 2019 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2019 Volume: 9 Issue: 2 |