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The Effect of Bleaching Agents on The Surface Roughness of Different Resin Composites

Year 2020, Volume: 2 Issue: 2, 40 - 45, 31.10.2020

Murat Keçeci Mehmet Gökberkkaan Demirel Kadir Karakaya

Abstract

Objective: This in vitro studies aim is the changes on the surface of the material will be observed and compared by using three different resin composites and two different bleaching agents which are commonly used nowadays.
Material and Methods: Bulk fill (BFK) Nanohybrid (NHK) and suprananohybrid resin (SNK) 30 samples of each composites which is 90 pieces of composite samples total. These samples will be produced with a diameter of 8mm and a height of 4mm. Then they will be randomly grouped into ten. First type of composite group will be applied office type whitening (OT), second type of composite group will be applied home type whitening (HT) and the last group will be the control group. Before and after applying whitening agents, the surface roughness will be measured, recorded and statiscally analysed with ANOVA test.
Results: HT application changed surface roughness significantly (p <0.05) and this difference was caused by SNK. The significant difference for OT and HT groups occured between BFK and NHK groups with SNK and for K group between SNK and other groups. (p <0.05)
Conclusion: As a result of this study, it has been found that bleaching agents will cause changes on the surface of the polished composite restorations. While the difference between the materials emerged only for the ET group, the surface roughness for the materials was affected by OT > ET > K respectively.

Keywords

Bleaching Agents Composite Resin Surface Properties

References

  • 1. Joiner A. Tooth colour: a review of the literature. J Dent. 2004;32(1):3-12.
  • 2. Jarad FD, Russell MD, Moss BW. The use of digital imaging for colour matching and communication in restorative dentistry. Br Dent J. 2005 Jul 9;199(1):43-9.
  • 3. Atali PY, Topbaşi FB. The effect of different bleaching methods on the surface roughness and hardness of resin composites. J Dent Oral Hyg. 2011;3(2):10-7.
  • 4. Al Qahtani MQ, Binsufayyan SS. Color change of direct resin-based composites after bleaching: An in vitro study. King Saud Univ J Dent Sci. 2011 Jul 1;2(1–2):23-7.
  • 5. Hafez R, Ahmed D, Yousry M, El-Badrawy W, El-Mowafy O. Effect of in-office bleaching on color and surface roughness of composite restoratives. Eur J Dent. 2010;4(2):118-27.
  • 6. Anagnostou M, Chelioti G, Chioti S, Kakaboura A. Effect of tooth-bleaching methods on gloss and color of resin composites. J Dent. 2010;38(2):128-36.
  • 7. Hannig C, Duong S, Becker K, Brunner E, Kahler E, Attin T. Effect of bleaching on subsurface micro-hardness of composite and a polyacid modified composite. Dent Mater. 2007;23(2):198-203.
  • 8. Lopes GC, Bonissoni L, Baratieri LN, Vieira LCC, Monteiro S. Effect of Bleaching Agents on the Hardness and Morphology of Enamel. J Esthet Restor Dent. 2002;14(1):24-30.
  • 9. White DJ, Kozak KM, Zoladz JR, Duschner H, Götz H. Peroxide interactions with hard tissues: effects on surface hardness and surface/subsurface ultrastructural properties. Compend Contin Educ Dent. 2002;23(1A):42-50.
  • 10. Sulieman M, Addy M, Macdonald E, Rees JS. A safety study in vitro for the effects of an in-office bleaching system on the integrity of enamel and dentine. J Dent. 2004;32(7):581-90.
  • 11. Llena C, Esteve I, Forner L. Effect of hydrogen and carbamide peroxide in bleaching, enamel morphology, and mineral composition: In vitro study. J Contemp Dent Pract. 2017;18(7):576-82.
  • 12. Bitter NC, Sanders JL. The effect of four bleaching agents on the enamel surface: A scanning electron microscopic study. Quintessence Int (Berl). 1993;24(11):817-24.
  • 13. Cvikl B, Lussi A, Moritz A, Flury S. Enamel surface changes after exposure to bleaching gels containing carbamide peroxide or hydrogen peroxide. Oper Dent. 2016;41(1):39-47.
  • 14. Elfallah HM, Bertassoni LE, Charadram N, Rathsam C, Swain M V. Effect of tooth bleaching agents on protein content and mechanical properties of dental enamel. Acta Biomater. 2015;20:120-8.
  • 15. Spalding M, De Assis Taveira LA, De Assis GF. Scanning electron microscopy study of dental enamel surface exposed to 35% hydrogen peroxide: Alone, with saliva, and with 10% carbamide peroxide. J Esthet Restor Dent. 2003;15(3):154-65.
  • 16. Hossam AE, Rafi AT, Ahmed AS, Sumanth PC. Surface topography of composite restorative materials following ultrasonic scaling and its Impact on bacterial plaque accumulation. An in-vitro SEM study. J Int oral Heal JIOH. 2013;5(3):13-9.
  • 17. Pruthi G, Jain V, Kandpal HC, Mathur VP, Shah N. Effect of Bleaching on Color Change and Surface Topography of Composite Restorations. Int J Dent. 2010;2010:1-7.
  • 18. Ubaldini A, Pascotto RC, Sato F, Soares VO, Zanotto ED, Baesso ML. Effects of Bioactive Agents on Dentin Mineralization Kinetics After Dentin Bleaching. Oper Dent. 2020;45(3):286-96.
  • 19. Oskoee SS, Bahari M, Kimyai S, Navimipour EJ, Firouzmandi M. Shear bond strength of self-etching adhesive systems with different pH values to bleached and/or CPP-ACP-treated enamel. J Adhes Dent. 2012;14(5):447-52.
  • 20. Alkahtani R, Stone S, German M, Waterhouse P. A Review on Dental Whitening. J Dent. 2020;103423.
  • 21. Rattacaso RMB, Garcia L da FR, Aguilar FG, Consani S, Pires de Souza F de CP. Bleaching agent action on color stability, surface roughness and microhardness of composites submitted to accelerated artificial aging. Eur J Dent. 2011;5(2):143-9.
  • 22. Attin T, Hannig C, Wiegand A, Attin R. Effect of bleaching on restorative materials and restorations - A systematic review. Dent Mater. 2004;20(9);852-61.
  • 23. Hafez R, Ahmed D, Yousry M, El-Badrawy W, El-Mowafy O. Effect of In-Office Bleaching on Color and Surface Roughness of Composite Restoratives. Eur J Dent. 2010;4(2):118-27.
  • 24. Zafar MS, Ahmed N. Nanoindentation and surface roughness profilometry of poly methyl methacrylate denture base materials. Technol Heal Care. 2014;22(4):573-81.
  • 25. Kakaboura A, Fragouli M, Rahiotis C, Silikas N. Evaluation of surface characteristics of dental composites using profilometry, scanning electron, atomic force microscopy and gloss-meter. J Mater Sci Mater Med. 2007;18(1):155-63.
  • 26. Moraes RR, Marimon JLM, Schneider LFJ, Correr Sobrinho L, Camacho GB, Bueno M. Carbamide peroxide bleaching agents: Effects on surface roughness of enamel, composite and porcelain. Clin Oral Investig. 2006;10(1):23-8.
  • 27. Bonilla ED, Hayashi M, Pameijer CH, Le NV, Morrow BR, Garcia-Godoy F. The effect of two composite placement techniques on fracture resistance of MOD restorations with various resin composites. J Dent. 2020;103348.
  • 28. Markovic L, Jordan RA, Glasser MC, Arnold WH, Nebel J, Tillmann W, et al. Effects of bleaching agents on surface roughness of filling materials. Dent Mater J. 2014;33(1):59-63.
  • 29. Turker ŞB, Biskin T. Effect of three bleaching agents on the surface properties of three different esthetic restorative materials. J Prosthet Dent. 2003;89(5):466-73.
  • 30. Bahannan SA. Effects of different bleaching agent concentrations on surface roughness and microhardness of esthetic restorative materials. Saudi J Dent Res. 2015;6(2):124–8.
  • 31. Irawan AB, Irawan NS, Masudi MAN, Sukminingrum N, Alam KM. 3D Surface Profile and Color Stability of Tooth Colored Filling Materials after Bleaching.Biomed Res Int. 2015;2015:327289
  • 32. García-Godoy F, García-Godoy A, García-Godoy F. Effect of bleaching gels on the surface roughness, hardness, and micromorphology of composites. Gen Dent. 2002;50(3):247-50.
  • 33. Langsten RE, Dunn WJ, Hartup GR, Murchison DF. Higher-concentration carbamide peroxide effects on surface roughness of composites. J Esthet Restor Dent. 2002;14(2):92-6.
  • 34. de Moraes Rego Roselino L, Tonani Torrieri R, Sbardelotto C, Alves Amorim A, Noronha Ferraz de Arruda C, Tirapelli C, et al. Color stability and surface roughness of composite resins submitted to brushing with bleaching toothpastes: An in situ study. J Esthet Restor Dent. 2019;31(5):486-92.
  • 35. Bollen CM, Lambrechts P, Quirynen M. Comparison of surface roughness of oral hard materials to the threshold surface roughness for bacterial plaque retention: a review of the literature. Dent Mater; 1997;13(4):258-69.
  • 36. Alkhudhairy FI. The effects of irradiance and exposure time on the surface roughness of bulk-fill composite resin restorative materials. Saudi Med J. 2018;39(2):197-202.
  • 37. Fátima Alves da Costa G, Melo AM dos S, Assunção IV, Borges BCD. Impact of additional polishing method on physical, micromorphological, and microtopographical properties of conventional composites and bulk fill. Microsc Res Tech. 2020;83(3):211-22.
  • 38. Leal A, Paula A, Ramalho A, Esteves M, Ferreira MM, Carrilho E. Roughness and microhardness of composites after different bleaching techniques. J Appl Biomater Funct Mater. 2015;13(4):381-8.

Ağartma Ajanlarının Farklı Rezin Kompozitlerin Yüzey Pürüzlülüğüne Etkisi

Year 2020, Volume: 2 Issue: 2, 40 - 45, 31.10.2020

Murat Keçeci Mehmet Gökberkkaan Demirel Kadir Karakaya

Abstract

Amaç: Bu in vitro çalışmanın amacı günümüzde sıklıkla kullanılan 3 rezin kompozite iki farklı ağartma ajanı uygulanarak materyalin yüzeyinde meydana gelen değişimler yüzey pürüzlülüğü açısından incelenecek ve karşılaştırılacaktır.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bulk Fill (BFK), Nanohibrit (NHK) ve Suprananohibrit (SNK) kompozitlerin her birinden 30’ar adet olmak üzere, 90 adet kompozit örnek; 8mm çap ve 4mm kalınlıkta üretilecek, rastgele 10’arlı gruplara ayrılarak birisine ofis tipi ağartma ajanı (OT), diğerine ev tipi ağartma ajanı (ET) uygulanırken sonuncusu kontrol grubu olarak ayrılacaktır. Ağartma ajanları uygulamadan önce ve sonra profilometre ile yüzey pürüzlülüğü ölçümü yapılarak kaydedilecek ve ANOVA testi ile istatistiksel analizi yapılacaktır.
Bulgular: ET uygulaması yüzey pürüzlülüğünü anlamlı şekilde (p<0,05) değiştirmiş ve bu farklılık SNK’dan kaynaklanmıştır. BFK ve NHK için OT grubu ile diğerleri arasında, SNK için K grubu ile diğerleri arasındaki farklılık istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmuştur (p<0,05).
Sonuç: Yapılan bu çalışmanın sonucunda ağartma ajanlarının polisajlanmış kompozit restorasyonların yüzeyinde değişimlere sebep olacağı bulunmuştur. Materyaller arasındaki farklılık sadece ET grup için ortaya çıkmışken materyaller için yüzey pürüzlülüğü sırasıyla OT>ET>K şeklinde etkilenmiştir.

Keywords

Ağartma Ajanları Kompozit Rezin Yüzey Özellikleri

References

  • 1. Joiner A. Tooth colour: a review of the literature. J Dent. 2004;32(1):3-12.
  • 2. Jarad FD, Russell MD, Moss BW. The use of digital imaging for colour matching and communication in restorative dentistry. Br Dent J. 2005 Jul 9;199(1):43-9.
  • 3. Atali PY, Topbaşi FB. The effect of different bleaching methods on the surface roughness and hardness of resin composites. J Dent Oral Hyg. 2011;3(2):10-7.
  • 4. Al Qahtani MQ, Binsufayyan SS. Color change of direct resin-based composites after bleaching: An in vitro study. King Saud Univ J Dent Sci. 2011 Jul 1;2(1–2):23-7.
  • 5. Hafez R, Ahmed D, Yousry M, El-Badrawy W, El-Mowafy O. Effect of in-office bleaching on color and surface roughness of composite restoratives. Eur J Dent. 2010;4(2):118-27.
  • 6. Anagnostou M, Chelioti G, Chioti S, Kakaboura A. Effect of tooth-bleaching methods on gloss and color of resin composites. J Dent. 2010;38(2):128-36.
  • 7. Hannig C, Duong S, Becker K, Brunner E, Kahler E, Attin T. Effect of bleaching on subsurface micro-hardness of composite and a polyacid modified composite. Dent Mater. 2007;23(2):198-203.
  • 8. Lopes GC, Bonissoni L, Baratieri LN, Vieira LCC, Monteiro S. Effect of Bleaching Agents on the Hardness and Morphology of Enamel. J Esthet Restor Dent. 2002;14(1):24-30.
  • 9. White DJ, Kozak KM, Zoladz JR, Duschner H, Götz H. Peroxide interactions with hard tissues: effects on surface hardness and surface/subsurface ultrastructural properties. Compend Contin Educ Dent. 2002;23(1A):42-50.
  • 10. Sulieman M, Addy M, Macdonald E, Rees JS. A safety study in vitro for the effects of an in-office bleaching system on the integrity of enamel and dentine. J Dent. 2004;32(7):581-90.
  • 11. Llena C, Esteve I, Forner L. Effect of hydrogen and carbamide peroxide in bleaching, enamel morphology, and mineral composition: In vitro study. J Contemp Dent Pract. 2017;18(7):576-82.
  • 12. Bitter NC, Sanders JL. The effect of four bleaching agents on the enamel surface: A scanning electron microscopic study. Quintessence Int (Berl). 1993;24(11):817-24.
  • 13. Cvikl B, Lussi A, Moritz A, Flury S. Enamel surface changes after exposure to bleaching gels containing carbamide peroxide or hydrogen peroxide. Oper Dent. 2016;41(1):39-47.
  • 14. Elfallah HM, Bertassoni LE, Charadram N, Rathsam C, Swain M V. Effect of tooth bleaching agents on protein content and mechanical properties of dental enamel. Acta Biomater. 2015;20:120-8.
  • 15. Spalding M, De Assis Taveira LA, De Assis GF. Scanning electron microscopy study of dental enamel surface exposed to 35% hydrogen peroxide: Alone, with saliva, and with 10% carbamide peroxide. J Esthet Restor Dent. 2003;15(3):154-65.
  • 16. Hossam AE, Rafi AT, Ahmed AS, Sumanth PC. Surface topography of composite restorative materials following ultrasonic scaling and its Impact on bacterial plaque accumulation. An in-vitro SEM study. J Int oral Heal JIOH. 2013;5(3):13-9.
  • 17. Pruthi G, Jain V, Kandpal HC, Mathur VP, Shah N. Effect of Bleaching on Color Change and Surface Topography of Composite Restorations. Int J Dent. 2010;2010:1-7.
  • 18. Ubaldini A, Pascotto RC, Sato F, Soares VO, Zanotto ED, Baesso ML. Effects of Bioactive Agents on Dentin Mineralization Kinetics After Dentin Bleaching. Oper Dent. 2020;45(3):286-96.
  • 19. Oskoee SS, Bahari M, Kimyai S, Navimipour EJ, Firouzmandi M. Shear bond strength of self-etching adhesive systems with different pH values to bleached and/or CPP-ACP-treated enamel. J Adhes Dent. 2012;14(5):447-52.
  • 20. Alkahtani R, Stone S, German M, Waterhouse P. A Review on Dental Whitening. J Dent. 2020;103423.
  • 21. Rattacaso RMB, Garcia L da FR, Aguilar FG, Consani S, Pires de Souza F de CP. Bleaching agent action on color stability, surface roughness and microhardness of composites submitted to accelerated artificial aging. Eur J Dent. 2011;5(2):143-9.
  • 22. Attin T, Hannig C, Wiegand A, Attin R. Effect of bleaching on restorative materials and restorations - A systematic review. Dent Mater. 2004;20(9);852-61.
  • 23. Hafez R, Ahmed D, Yousry M, El-Badrawy W, El-Mowafy O. Effect of In-Office Bleaching on Color and Surface Roughness of Composite Restoratives. Eur J Dent. 2010;4(2):118-27.
  • 24. Zafar MS, Ahmed N. Nanoindentation and surface roughness profilometry of poly methyl methacrylate denture base materials. Technol Heal Care. 2014;22(4):573-81.
  • 25. Kakaboura A, Fragouli M, Rahiotis C, Silikas N. Evaluation of surface characteristics of dental composites using profilometry, scanning electron, atomic force microscopy and gloss-meter. J Mater Sci Mater Med. 2007;18(1):155-63.
  • 26. Moraes RR, Marimon JLM, Schneider LFJ, Correr Sobrinho L, Camacho GB, Bueno M. Carbamide peroxide bleaching agents: Effects on surface roughness of enamel, composite and porcelain. Clin Oral Investig. 2006;10(1):23-8.
  • 27. Bonilla ED, Hayashi M, Pameijer CH, Le NV, Morrow BR, Garcia-Godoy F. The effect of two composite placement techniques on fracture resistance of MOD restorations with various resin composites. J Dent. 2020;103348.
  • 28. Markovic L, Jordan RA, Glasser MC, Arnold WH, Nebel J, Tillmann W, et al. Effects of bleaching agents on surface roughness of filling materials. Dent Mater J. 2014;33(1):59-63.
  • 29. Turker ŞB, Biskin T. Effect of three bleaching agents on the surface properties of three different esthetic restorative materials. J Prosthet Dent. 2003;89(5):466-73.
  • 30. Bahannan SA. Effects of different bleaching agent concentrations on surface roughness and microhardness of esthetic restorative materials. Saudi J Dent Res. 2015;6(2):124–8.
  • 31. Irawan AB, Irawan NS, Masudi MAN, Sukminingrum N, Alam KM. 3D Surface Profile and Color Stability of Tooth Colored Filling Materials after Bleaching.Biomed Res Int. 2015;2015:327289
  • 32. García-Godoy F, García-Godoy A, García-Godoy F. Effect of bleaching gels on the surface roughness, hardness, and micromorphology of composites. Gen Dent. 2002;50(3):247-50.
  • 33. Langsten RE, Dunn WJ, Hartup GR, Murchison DF. Higher-concentration carbamide peroxide effects on surface roughness of composites. J Esthet Restor Dent. 2002;14(2):92-6.
  • 34. de Moraes Rego Roselino L, Tonani Torrieri R, Sbardelotto C, Alves Amorim A, Noronha Ferraz de Arruda C, Tirapelli C, et al. Color stability and surface roughness of composite resins submitted to brushing with bleaching toothpastes: An in situ study. J Esthet Restor Dent. 2019;31(5):486-92.
  • 35. Bollen CM, Lambrechts P, Quirynen M. Comparison of surface roughness of oral hard materials to the threshold surface roughness for bacterial plaque retention: a review of the literature. Dent Mater; 1997;13(4):258-69.
  • 36. Alkhudhairy FI. The effects of irradiance and exposure time on the surface roughness of bulk-fill composite resin restorative materials. Saudi Med J. 2018;39(2):197-202.
  • 37. Fátima Alves da Costa G, Melo AM dos S, Assunção IV, Borges BCD. Impact of additional polishing method on physical, micromorphological, and microtopographical properties of conventional composites and bulk fill. Microsc Res Tech. 2020;83(3):211-22.
  • 38. Leal A, Paula A, Ramalho A, Esteves M, Ferreira MM, Carrilho E. Roughness and microhardness of composites after different bleaching techniques. J Appl Biomater Funct Mater. 2015;13(4):381-8.
There are 38 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Dentistry
Journal Section RESEARCH ARTICLE
Authors

Murat Keçeci 0000-0001-5361-8638

Mehmet Gökberkkaan Demirel 0000-0002-6599-1074

Kadir Karakaya 0000-0002-0781-3587

Publication Date October 31, 2020
Submission Date July 16, 2020
Acceptance Date September 20, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 2 Issue: 2

Cite

Vancouver Keçeci M, Demirel MG, Karakaya K. Ağartma Ajanlarının Farklı Rezin Kompozitlerin Yüzey Pürüzlülüğüne Etkisi. NEU Dent J. 2020;2(2):40-5.
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