Research Article
Year 2024,
Volume: 6 Issue: 2, 288 - 295, 16.05.2024
Abstract
Aim: The aim of our article is to determine the depression status of elderly people living in nursing homes and the affecting factors.
Material and Method: The study included 75 elderly individuals who lived in assisted living facilities. Data was collected through a Personal Information Form, the Geriatric Depression Scale, the Mini Mental Assessment Test, and retrospective blood results. The data were analyzed using SPSS 26.0 software and non-parametric tests were used due to the non-normal distribution of the data. The Mann-Whitney U test and the Kruskal-Wallis test were used to compare independent variables. Additionally, multiple regression analysis was employed.
Results: The study found that 38.7% of elderly participants had abnormal mini-mental assessments, and 21.3% had significant depression. Statistical analysis revealed significant differences in the total mean scores of the Mini Mental State Test (MMST) based on gender (p=0.023), marital status (p=0.001), educational attainment (p=0.001), and level of schooling. Additionally, there was a statistically significant difference (p=0.002) between the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) total mean score and the presence of sleep issues. The total mean scores of MMST indicated a statistically significant difference between the status of urine incontinence (p=0.001) and exercise (p=0.006), as well as their combination.
Conclusion: Approximately one third of the participants were depressed and had poor cognitive status. Depression was associated with being female, low educational status and sleep problems, whereas mental status was associated with gender, marital status, and educational status. It is recommended to conduct longitudinal studies with larger samples in future studies.
Keywords
Ethical Statement
Ethics committee approval for this study was received from Gaziantep Islamic Science and Technology University (Date: July 20, 2023, Number: 2023/273.27.04).
Supporting Institution
Gaziantep Islamic Science and Technology University
References
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- Folstein MF, Folstein SE, McHugh PR. "Mini-mental state" A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. J Psychiatr Res. 1975;12:189-98.
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- Fonseca C, de Pinho LG, Lopes MJ, et al. The elderly nursing core set and the cognition of portuguese older adults: a cross-sectional study. BMC Nurs. 2021;20:108.
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- Polat F, Karasu F. The Relationshıp between Perceived Loneliness Level and Depression Among Elderly Individuals. Journal of Inonu University Health Services Vocational School. 2020;8:72-82.
- Manungkalit M, Sari NPWP. The influence of anxiety and stress toward depression in institutionalized elderly. Journal of Educational Health and Community Psychology. 2020;9:65-76.
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- Korkmaz T, Ümmet D. Investigation of the relationship between perception of loneliness and quality of life of the elderly in nursing home. MANAS Journal of Social Studies. 2021;10:463-75.
- Sapkota N, Khadka B, Tiwari A, Poudel A. Prevalence of Depression among Residents of old age homes in Eastern Nepal. J Psychiatrists’ Association of Nepal. 2019;8:39-44.
- Zalavadiya DD, Banerjee A, Sheth AM, et al. A comparative study of depression and associated risk factors among elderly inmates of old age homes and community of Rajkot: a Gujarati version of the geriatric depression scale-short form (GDS-G). Indian J Community Med. 2017;42:204-8.
- Salk RH, Hyde JS, Abramson LY. Gender differences in depression in representative national samples: meta-analyses of diagnoses and symptoms. Psychol Bull. 2017;143:783-822.
- Şenol D, Erdem S. The old age and the perception of nursing home in elderly women: a qualitative study. Kırıkkale University Journal of Social Sciences. 2017;7:31-50.
- Marquet M, Missotten P, Schroyen S, et al. A validation of the French version of the Attitudes to Aging Questionnaire (AAQ): factor structure, reliability and validity. Psychol Belg. 2016;56:80-100.
- Cordeiro RC, Santos RCd, Araújo GKNd, et al. Mental health profile of the elderly community: a cross-sectional study. Rev Bras Enferm. 2020;73:e20180191.
- Palteki AS, Aykaç E, Yükselen N, et al. Sleep quality and depression of older people living at care home. ESTÜDAM Journal of Public Health. 2021;6:105-13.
- Kessler M, Facchini LA, Soares MU, et al. Prevalence of urinary incontinence among the elderly and relationship with physical and mental health indicators. Revista Brasileira de Geriatria e Gerontologia. 2018;21:397-407.
- Cheng S, Lin D, Hu T, et al. Association of urinary incontinence and depression or anxiety: a meta-analysis. J Int Med Res. 2020;48:300060520931348.
- Schrader B, Bünker A-M, Conradi C, et al. Regular exercise is associated with a more favorable cardiovascular risk profile, better quality of life, less depression and less psychological stress. Int J Gen Med. 2022;15:545-54.
- Kramer A. An overview of the beneficial effects of exercise on health and performance. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2020;1228:3-22.
- Diamond R, Waite F. Physical activity in a pandemic: a new treatment target for psychological therapy. Psychol Psychother. 2021;94:357-64.
Year 2024,
Volume: 6 Issue: 2, 288 - 295, 16.05.2024
Abstract
References
- BM: Leaving No One Behind In An Ageing World. https://social.desa.un.org/publications/2023-leaving-no-one-behind-in-an-ageing-world access date 10.02.2024.
- Zhao X, Zhang D, Wu M, et al. Loneliness and depression symptoms among the elderly in nursing homes: a moderated mediation model of resilience and social support. Psychiatry Res. 2018;268:143-51.
- Bulut EA, Soysal P, Isik AT. Frequency and coincidence of geriatric syndromes according to age groups: single-center experience in Turkey between 2013 and 2017. Clin Interv Aging. 2018;13:1899-905.
- Potter GG, McQuoid DR, Whitson HE, Steffens DC. Physical frailty in late‐life depression is associated with deficits in speed‐dependent executive functions. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2016;31:466-74.
- Jahouh M, González-Bernal JJ, González-Santos J, et al. Impact of an Intervention with Wii video games on the autonomy of activities of daily living and psychological-cognitive components in the institutionalized elderly. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18:1570.
- Mutlay F, Ulusoylar Erken N, Dost Günay FS, et al. May depression be associated with the frequency of falls in the elderly?. Journal of Geriatric Science. 2020;3:103-9.
- Pearce M, Garcia L, Abbas A, et al. Association between physical activity and risk of depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA Psychiatry. 2022;79:550-9.
- Balcı E, Şenol V, Eşel E. et al. The relationship between malnutrition and depression in people aged over 65 years. Turkish Journal of Public Health. 2012;10:37-43.
- Slavíková M, Procházka B, Dlouhý P, et al. Prevalence of malnutrition risk among institutionalized elderly from North Bohemia is higher than among those in the Capital City of Prague, Czech Republic. Cent Eur J Public Health. 2018;26:111-7.
- Özer E, Kapucu S. Malnutrition and related risk factors of elderly people. Akad Geriatri. 2013;5:5-11.
- Burke WJ, Roccaforte WH, Wengel SP. The short form of the Geriatric Depression Scale: a comparison with the 30-item form. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol. 1991;4:173-8.
- Ertan T, Eker E, Şar V. Validity and reliability of the geriatric depression scale in the Turkish elderly population. Archives of Neuropsychiatry. 1997;34:62-71.
- Durmaz B, Soysal P, Ellidokuz H, Isik AT. Validity and reliability of geriatric depression scale-15 (short form) in Turkish older adults. North Clin Istanb. 2018;5:216-20.
- Folstein MF, Folstein SE, McHugh PR. "Mini-mental state" A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. J Psychiatr Res. 1975;12:189-98.
- Ertan T, Eker E, Güngen C, et al. The standardized mini mental state examination for illiterate Turkish elderly population. 2nd International Symposium on Neurophysiological and Neuropsychological Assessment of Mental and Behavioral Disorders; 1999. Bursa, Türkiye.
- George D. SPSS for windows step by step: a simple study guide and reference, 17.0 update, 10/e. Pearson Education India, 2011.
- Seddigh M, Hazrati M, Jokar M, et al. A comparative study of perceived social support and depression among elderly members of senior day centers, elderly residents in nursing homes, and elderly living at home. Iran J Nurs Midwifery Res. 2020;25:160-5.
- Fonseca C, de Pinho LG, Lopes MJ, et al. The elderly nursing core set and the cognition of portuguese older adults: a cross-sectional study. BMC Nurs. 2021;20:108.
- Mannucci PM, Nobili A, Investigators R. Multimorbidity and polypharmacy in the elderly: lessons from REPOSI. Intern Emerg Med. 2014;9:723-34.
- Dağhan Ş, Arabacı Z, Hasgül E. Investigation of home accidents in elderly according to cognitive situation and related factors. Journal of Social Policy Studies. 2017;17:75-95.
- Tarsuslu Şimşek T, Tütün Yümin E, Sertel M, et al. Effects of mental, functional and mobility disabilities on the health related quality of life and life satisfaction in elderly individuals: a comparative study. Turkish Journal of Geriatrics. 2011;14:321-30.
- Del Duca GF, Silva SGd, Thumé E, et al. Predictive factors for institutionalization of the elderly: a case-control study. Rev. saúde pública. 2012;46:147-53.
- Pokharel B, Sharma B. Depression and its associated risk factors among residents of a geriatric home in Western Nepal. J Lumbini Med Coll. 2019;7:24-8.
- Šare S, Ljubičić M, Gusar I, et al. Self-esteem, anxiety, and depression in older people in nursing homes. Healthcare. 2021;9:1035.
- Polat F, Karasu F. The Relationshıp between Perceived Loneliness Level and Depression Among Elderly Individuals. Journal of Inonu University Health Services Vocational School. 2020;8:72-82.
- Manungkalit M, Sari NPWP. The influence of anxiety and stress toward depression in institutionalized elderly. Journal of Educational Health and Community Psychology. 2020;9:65-76.
- Chalise HN. Depression among elderly living in Briddashram (old age home). Advances in Aging Research. 2014;3:6-11.
- Korkmaz T, Ümmet D. Investigation of the relationship between perception of loneliness and quality of life of the elderly in nursing home. MANAS Journal of Social Studies. 2021;10:463-75.
- Sapkota N, Khadka B, Tiwari A, Poudel A. Prevalence of Depression among Residents of old age homes in Eastern Nepal. J Psychiatrists’ Association of Nepal. 2019;8:39-44.
- Zalavadiya DD, Banerjee A, Sheth AM, et al. A comparative study of depression and associated risk factors among elderly inmates of old age homes and community of Rajkot: a Gujarati version of the geriatric depression scale-short form (GDS-G). Indian J Community Med. 2017;42:204-8.
- Salk RH, Hyde JS, Abramson LY. Gender differences in depression in representative national samples: meta-analyses of diagnoses and symptoms. Psychol Bull. 2017;143:783-822.
- Şenol D, Erdem S. The old age and the perception of nursing home in elderly women: a qualitative study. Kırıkkale University Journal of Social Sciences. 2017;7:31-50.
- Marquet M, Missotten P, Schroyen S, et al. A validation of the French version of the Attitudes to Aging Questionnaire (AAQ): factor structure, reliability and validity. Psychol Belg. 2016;56:80-100.
- Cordeiro RC, Santos RCd, Araújo GKNd, et al. Mental health profile of the elderly community: a cross-sectional study. Rev Bras Enferm. 2020;73:e20180191.
- Palteki AS, Aykaç E, Yükselen N, et al. Sleep quality and depression of older people living at care home. ESTÜDAM Journal of Public Health. 2021;6:105-13.
- Kessler M, Facchini LA, Soares MU, et al. Prevalence of urinary incontinence among the elderly and relationship with physical and mental health indicators. Revista Brasileira de Geriatria e Gerontologia. 2018;21:397-407.
- Cheng S, Lin D, Hu T, et al. Association of urinary incontinence and depression or anxiety: a meta-analysis. J Int Med Res. 2020;48:300060520931348.
- Schrader B, Bünker A-M, Conradi C, et al. Regular exercise is associated with a more favorable cardiovascular risk profile, better quality of life, less depression and less psychological stress. Int J Gen Med. 2022;15:545-54.
- Kramer A. An overview of the beneficial effects of exercise on health and performance. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2020;1228:3-22.
- Diamond R, Waite F. Physical activity in a pandemic: a new treatment target for psychological therapy. Psychol Psychother. 2021;94:357-64.
There are 40 citations in total.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Geriatrics and Gerontology, Internal Diseases, Aged Health Care |
| Journal Section | Original Articles |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | May 16, 2024 |
| Submission Date | March 12, 2024 |
| Acceptance Date | May 9, 2024 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2024 Volume: 6 Issue: 2 |
Chief Editors
Assoc. Prof. Zülal Öner
Address: İzmir Bakırçay University, Department of Anatomy, İzmir, Türkiye
Assoc. Prof. Deniz Şenol
Address: Düzce University, Department of Anatomy, Düzce, Türkiye
E-mail: medrecsjournal@gmail.com
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