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Maleik Anhidrit/Stiren Kopolimerinin Bazı Primer Alkol Türevlerinin Sentezi ve Termomekanik Analizi

Year 2022, Volume: 4 Issue: 1, 89 - 102, 30.06.2022

Ersen Yılmaz

https://doi.org/10.55213/kmujens.1130963

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, Maleik anhidrit/Stiren (MAS) kopolimeri sentezlendi. Sentezlenen kopolimer karakterize edildi ve iki farklı primer alkol (propil ve bütil) ile modifiye edildi. Kopolimer ve iki modifiye türevinin çözünme, FT-IR ve termomekanik (TMA) analizleri gerçekleştirildi. Türevlerin ester sayıları hesaplandı. Alkoller ile modifiye edilen türevler MAS kopolimeri ile aynı çözünme davranışları gösterdiyse de, daha hızlı çözündükleri saptandı. Modifikasyon işlemi FT-IR ile doğrulandı. Ester türevlerinin MAS kopolimerine göre daha elastik ve düşük camsı geçiş sıcaklığına sahip olduğu görüldü. Türevlerin ester sayılarının birbirlerine yakın olduğu hesaplandı.

Keywords

Aşılama kopolimer maleik anhidrit modifikasyon

References

  • Alikarami N., Abrisham, M., Huang X., Panahi-Sarmad M., Zhang K., Dong K., & Xiao X., Compatibilization of PLA grafted maleic anhydrate through blending of thermoplastic starch (TPS) and nanoclay nanocomposites for the reduction of gas permeability, International Journal of Smart and Nano Materials, 13(1), 130-151, (2022).
  • Aravind I., Albert P., Ranganathaiah C., Kurian J. V., Thomas S, Compatibilizing effect of EPM-g-MA in EPDM/poly(trimethylene terephthalate) incompatible blends, Polymer, 45(14), 2004, 4925-4937, (2004).
  • Bhattacharyya A. R., Ghosh A. K., Misra A., Eichhorn K.J, Reactively Compatibilised polyamide6/ethylene-co-vinyl acetate blends: mechanical properties and morphology, Polymer, 46, 1661-1674, (2005).
  • Boztug A., Modification and characterisation of terpolymer maleic anhydride–styrene–vinyl acetate by poly(ethylene adipate) copolymer, Materials Research Innovations, 11(4), 169-172, (2007).
  • Boztug A., Yilmaz E., Effects of reactive terpolymer containing maleic anhydride on thermomechanical properties of poly(vinyl chloride) based multicomponent blends, Materials Research Innovations, 11(3) , 158-160, (2007).
  • Clasen S., Müller C., Pires A., Maleic Anhydride as a Compatibilizer and Plasticizer in TPS/PLA Blends, Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society, 26 (8), 1583-1590, (2015).
  • De Brouwer H., Schellekens M. A. J., Klumperman B., Monteiro M. J., German A. L., Controlled radical copolymerization of styrene and maleic anhydride and the synthesis of novel polyolefin-based block copolymers by reversible addition–fragmentation chain-transfer (RAFT) polymerization, Journal of Polymer Science: Part A: Polymer Chemistry, 38, 3596–3603, (2000).
  • Dharmarajan N., Datta S., Ver Strate G., Ban L., Compatibilized polymer blends of isotactic polypropylene and styrene—maleic anhydride copolymer, Polymer, 36 (20), 3849-3861, (1995).
  • Genovese A., Shanks R.A., Dynamic Mechanical Properties of Poly(propylene) Blends with Poly[ethylene‐co‐(methyl acrylate)], Macromol. Mater. Eng., 289, 20–32, (2004).
  • Gonzalez-Nuenz R., De Kee D, Favis B. D., Properties of crosslinked ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene, Polymer, 37, 4689, (1996).
  • Gul R., Comparison of peroxides used for cross-linking ultra high molecular weight polyethylene, European Polymer Journal, 35, 2001-2005, (1999).
  • Hill D. J. T., O'Donnell J. H., O'Sullivan P. W., Analysis of the mechanism of copolymerization of styrene and maleic anhydride, Macromolecules, 18 (1), 9–17, (1985).
  • Imren D., Compatibilization of immiscible poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC)/polystyrene (PS) blends with maleic anhydride-styrene-vinyl acetate terpolymer (MAStVA), Journal of Molecular Structure , 963, 245-249, (2010).
  • Imren D., Boztug A., Yilmaz E., Zengin H.B., Viscometric investigation of compatibilization of the poly(vinyl chloride)/poly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate) blends by terpolymer of maleic anhydride-styrene-vinyl acetate, Journal of Molecular Structure, 891, 329-332, (2008).
  • Imren Koc D., Koc M. L., Fuzzy viscometric analysis of polymer–polymer miscibility based on fuzzy regression, Chemometrics and Intelligent Laboratory Systems, 157, 2016, 58-66, (2016).
  • Ismail H., Yusof Supri A. M. M., Blend of Waste Poly(vinylchloride) (PVCw)/acrylonitrile Butadiene-Rubber (NBR): The Effect of Maleic Anhydride (MAH), Polymer Testing, 23(6), 675-683, (2004).
  • Kısmet Y, Wagner M. H., Mechanical and flow properties of blends of polypropylene and powder coating recyclates with and without addition of maleic anhydride, Advances in Polymer Technology, 37(8), 3511-3518, (2018).
  • Kısmet Y, Wagner M.H., Utilizing hydrolyzed powder recyclates as filler in polystyrene, Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik, 50(1), 25 – 32, (2019).
  • Kısmet Y., Change of mechanical properties of powder recyclate reinforced polyolefin based on gamma radiation, Polymers, 9(9), 25 – 32, (2017).
  • Kim S.J., Shin B.S., Hong J.L., Cho W.J., Ha C.S.S. J., Reactive compatibilization of the PBT/EVA blend by maleic anhydride, Polymer, 42, 4073–4080, (2001).
  • Lewis G., Properties of crosslinked ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene, Biomaterials, 22, 371-401, (2001).
  • Li T.T., Zhang Z.M., Li H.T., Cao J., Study on Synthesis and Characterization of Styrene-Maleic Anhydride Random Copolymer by Xylene, AMR, 750–752, 1075–1078, (2013).
  • Liang G., Meng J., Zhao L., Synthesis of styrene–maleic anhydride random copolymer and its compatibilization to poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene ether)/brominated epoxy resin, Polymer International, 52(6), 966-972, (2003).
  • Machado A.V., Covas J. A., van Duin M., Effect of polyolefin structrure on maleic anhydride grafting, Polymer, 42(8), 3649-3655, (2001).
  • Mahendra I.P., Wirjosentono B., Tamrin H.I., et al., The influence of maleic anhydride-grafted polymers as compatibilizer on the properties of polypropylene and cyclic natural rubber blends, J Polym Res., 26, 215, (2019).
  • Nakason C., Kaesaman A., Supasanthitikul P., The grafting of maleic anhydride onto natural rubber, Polymer Testing, 23(1), 35-41, (2004).
  • Russel K.E., Free radical graft polymerization and copolymerization at higher temperatures, Prog. Polym. Sci., 27(6), 1007–1038, (2002).
  • Saelao J., Phinyocheep P., Influence of styrene on grafting efficiency of maleic anhydride onto natural rubber, Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 95(1), 28-38, (2005).
  • Shashi D.B., Narayan C.L., Styrene-maleic anhydride copolymers: Synthesis, characterization, and thermal properties. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 60(5), 649-656, (1996).
  • Shi W., Li X., Dong H., Improved wear resistance of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene by plasma immersion ion implantation, Wear, 250, 544-552, (2001).
  • Tariq A., Ahmad N.M., Abbas M.A., Shakir M.F., Khaliq Z., Rafiq S., Ali Z., Elaissari A., Reactive Extrusion of Maleic-Anhydride-Grafted Polypropylene by Torque Rheometer and Its Application as Compatibilizer. Polymers, 13, 495, (2021).
  • Tjong S.T., Xu S.A., Li R.K.Y., Mai Y.W., Mechanical behaviour and fracture toughness evaluation of maleic anhydride compatibilized short glass fiber/SEBS/polypropylene hybrid composites, Compos. Sci. Technol., 62, 831–840, (2002).
  • Uphade B.S., Patil P.S., Pandit S.B., Rajan C.R. and Nadkarni V.M., Kinetics of Polyesterification: Effect of Diol Chain Length, Journal of Polymer Science: Part A: Polymer Chemistry, 32, 2003-2010, (1994).
  • Varshneya A., Mauro J., Fundamentals of Inorganic Glasses, 3rd ed. New York, USA, Elsevier, (2019).
  • Wang Q., Liu C.S., Chen Y. H., Studies on PA6–PP–wollastonite composite compatibilised by PP– graft –maleic anhydride prepared via pan milling, Plastics, Rubber and Composites, 30, 363-369, (2001).
  • Zhai H., Xu W., Guo H., Zhou Z., Shen S. and Song Q., Preparation and Characterization of PE and PE-g-MAH/ Montmorillonite Nanocomposites, European Polymer Journal, 40(11), 2539-2545, (2004).
  • Zhou J., Yan F., Effect of polyethylene‐graft‐maleic anhydride as a compatibilizer on the mechanical and tribological behaviors of ultrahigh‐molecular‐weight polyethylene/copper composites, Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 93(2), 948 – 955, (2004).

Synthesis and Thermomechanical Analysis of Some Primer Alcohol Derivatives of Maleic Anhydride/Styrene Copolymer

Year 2022, Volume: 4 Issue: 1, 89 - 102, 30.06.2022

Ersen Yılmaz

https://doi.org/10.55213/kmujens.1130963

Abstract

In this study, Maleic anhydride/Styrene (MAS) copolymer was synthesized. The synthesized copolymer was characterized and then modified with two different primary alcohols (propyl and butyl). Dissolution, FT-IR and thermo-mechanical (TMA) analyzes of the copolymer and its two modified ester derivatives were performed. The ester numbers of the obtained derivatives were calculated. Although the ester derivatives showed dissolution behavior in the same solvents as the MAS copolymer, they dissolved faster. Modification was confirmed in the FT-IR spectra. It was also found that the derivatives were more elastic than the MAS copolymer and had a lower glass transition temperatures. The calculated ester numbers were also close to each other.

Keywords

Copolymer grafting maleic anhydride modification

References

  • Alikarami N., Abrisham, M., Huang X., Panahi-Sarmad M., Zhang K., Dong K., & Xiao X., Compatibilization of PLA grafted maleic anhydrate through blending of thermoplastic starch (TPS) and nanoclay nanocomposites for the reduction of gas permeability, International Journal of Smart and Nano Materials, 13(1), 130-151, (2022).
  • Aravind I., Albert P., Ranganathaiah C., Kurian J. V., Thomas S, Compatibilizing effect of EPM-g-MA in EPDM/poly(trimethylene terephthalate) incompatible blends, Polymer, 45(14), 2004, 4925-4937, (2004).
  • Bhattacharyya A. R., Ghosh A. K., Misra A., Eichhorn K.J, Reactively Compatibilised polyamide6/ethylene-co-vinyl acetate blends: mechanical properties and morphology, Polymer, 46, 1661-1674, (2005).
  • Boztug A., Modification and characterisation of terpolymer maleic anhydride–styrene–vinyl acetate by poly(ethylene adipate) copolymer, Materials Research Innovations, 11(4), 169-172, (2007).
  • Boztug A., Yilmaz E., Effects of reactive terpolymer containing maleic anhydride on thermomechanical properties of poly(vinyl chloride) based multicomponent blends, Materials Research Innovations, 11(3) , 158-160, (2007).
  • Clasen S., Müller C., Pires A., Maleic Anhydride as a Compatibilizer and Plasticizer in TPS/PLA Blends, Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society, 26 (8), 1583-1590, (2015).
  • De Brouwer H., Schellekens M. A. J., Klumperman B., Monteiro M. J., German A. L., Controlled radical copolymerization of styrene and maleic anhydride and the synthesis of novel polyolefin-based block copolymers by reversible addition–fragmentation chain-transfer (RAFT) polymerization, Journal of Polymer Science: Part A: Polymer Chemistry, 38, 3596–3603, (2000).
  • Dharmarajan N., Datta S., Ver Strate G., Ban L., Compatibilized polymer blends of isotactic polypropylene and styrene—maleic anhydride copolymer, Polymer, 36 (20), 3849-3861, (1995).
  • Genovese A., Shanks R.A., Dynamic Mechanical Properties of Poly(propylene) Blends with Poly[ethylene‐co‐(methyl acrylate)], Macromol. Mater. Eng., 289, 20–32, (2004).
  • Gonzalez-Nuenz R., De Kee D, Favis B. D., Properties of crosslinked ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene, Polymer, 37, 4689, (1996).
  • Gul R., Comparison of peroxides used for cross-linking ultra high molecular weight polyethylene, European Polymer Journal, 35, 2001-2005, (1999).
  • Hill D. J. T., O'Donnell J. H., O'Sullivan P. W., Analysis of the mechanism of copolymerization of styrene and maleic anhydride, Macromolecules, 18 (1), 9–17, (1985).
  • Imren D., Compatibilization of immiscible poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC)/polystyrene (PS) blends with maleic anhydride-styrene-vinyl acetate terpolymer (MAStVA), Journal of Molecular Structure , 963, 245-249, (2010).
  • Imren D., Boztug A., Yilmaz E., Zengin H.B., Viscometric investigation of compatibilization of the poly(vinyl chloride)/poly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate) blends by terpolymer of maleic anhydride-styrene-vinyl acetate, Journal of Molecular Structure, 891, 329-332, (2008).
  • Imren Koc D., Koc M. L., Fuzzy viscometric analysis of polymer–polymer miscibility based on fuzzy regression, Chemometrics and Intelligent Laboratory Systems, 157, 2016, 58-66, (2016).
  • Ismail H., Yusof Supri A. M. M., Blend of Waste Poly(vinylchloride) (PVCw)/acrylonitrile Butadiene-Rubber (NBR): The Effect of Maleic Anhydride (MAH), Polymer Testing, 23(6), 675-683, (2004).
  • Kısmet Y, Wagner M. H., Mechanical and flow properties of blends of polypropylene and powder coating recyclates with and without addition of maleic anhydride, Advances in Polymer Technology, 37(8), 3511-3518, (2018).
  • Kısmet Y, Wagner M.H., Utilizing hydrolyzed powder recyclates as filler in polystyrene, Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik, 50(1), 25 – 32, (2019).
  • Kısmet Y., Change of mechanical properties of powder recyclate reinforced polyolefin based on gamma radiation, Polymers, 9(9), 25 – 32, (2017).
  • Kim S.J., Shin B.S., Hong J.L., Cho W.J., Ha C.S.S. J., Reactive compatibilization of the PBT/EVA blend by maleic anhydride, Polymer, 42, 4073–4080, (2001).
  • Lewis G., Properties of crosslinked ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene, Biomaterials, 22, 371-401, (2001).
  • Li T.T., Zhang Z.M., Li H.T., Cao J., Study on Synthesis and Characterization of Styrene-Maleic Anhydride Random Copolymer by Xylene, AMR, 750–752, 1075–1078, (2013).
  • Liang G., Meng J., Zhao L., Synthesis of styrene–maleic anhydride random copolymer and its compatibilization to poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene ether)/brominated epoxy resin, Polymer International, 52(6), 966-972, (2003).
  • Machado A.V., Covas J. A., van Duin M., Effect of polyolefin structrure on maleic anhydride grafting, Polymer, 42(8), 3649-3655, (2001).
  • Mahendra I.P., Wirjosentono B., Tamrin H.I., et al., The influence of maleic anhydride-grafted polymers as compatibilizer on the properties of polypropylene and cyclic natural rubber blends, J Polym Res., 26, 215, (2019).
  • Nakason C., Kaesaman A., Supasanthitikul P., The grafting of maleic anhydride onto natural rubber, Polymer Testing, 23(1), 35-41, (2004).
  • Russel K.E., Free radical graft polymerization and copolymerization at higher temperatures, Prog. Polym. Sci., 27(6), 1007–1038, (2002).
  • Saelao J., Phinyocheep P., Influence of styrene on grafting efficiency of maleic anhydride onto natural rubber, Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 95(1), 28-38, (2005).
  • Shashi D.B., Narayan C.L., Styrene-maleic anhydride copolymers: Synthesis, characterization, and thermal properties. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 60(5), 649-656, (1996).
  • Shi W., Li X., Dong H., Improved wear resistance of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene by plasma immersion ion implantation, Wear, 250, 544-552, (2001).
  • Tariq A., Ahmad N.M., Abbas M.A., Shakir M.F., Khaliq Z., Rafiq S., Ali Z., Elaissari A., Reactive Extrusion of Maleic-Anhydride-Grafted Polypropylene by Torque Rheometer and Its Application as Compatibilizer. Polymers, 13, 495, (2021).
  • Tjong S.T., Xu S.A., Li R.K.Y., Mai Y.W., Mechanical behaviour and fracture toughness evaluation of maleic anhydride compatibilized short glass fiber/SEBS/polypropylene hybrid composites, Compos. Sci. Technol., 62, 831–840, (2002).
  • Uphade B.S., Patil P.S., Pandit S.B., Rajan C.R. and Nadkarni V.M., Kinetics of Polyesterification: Effect of Diol Chain Length, Journal of Polymer Science: Part A: Polymer Chemistry, 32, 2003-2010, (1994).
  • Varshneya A., Mauro J., Fundamentals of Inorganic Glasses, 3rd ed. New York, USA, Elsevier, (2019).
  • Wang Q., Liu C.S., Chen Y. H., Studies on PA6–PP–wollastonite composite compatibilised by PP– graft –maleic anhydride prepared via pan milling, Plastics, Rubber and Composites, 30, 363-369, (2001).
  • Zhai H., Xu W., Guo H., Zhou Z., Shen S. and Song Q., Preparation and Characterization of PE and PE-g-MAH/ Montmorillonite Nanocomposites, European Polymer Journal, 40(11), 2539-2545, (2004).
  • Zhou J., Yan F., Effect of polyethylene‐graft‐maleic anhydride as a compatibilizer on the mechanical and tribological behaviors of ultrahigh‐molecular‐weight polyethylene/copper composites, Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 93(2), 948 – 955, (2004).
There are 37 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Chemical Engineering
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Ersen Yılmaz 0000-0002-8567-1668

Publication Date June 30, 2022
Submission Date June 14, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 4 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Yılmaz, E. (2022). Synthesis and Thermomechanical Analysis of Some Primer Alcohol Derivatives of Maleic Anhydride/Styrene Copolymer. Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey Üniversitesi Mühendislik Ve Doğa Bilimleri Dergisi, 4(1), 89-102. https://doi.org/10.55213/kmujens.1130963
AMA Yılmaz E. Synthesis and Thermomechanical Analysis of Some Primer Alcohol Derivatives of Maleic Anhydride/Styrene Copolymer. KMUJENS. June 2022;4(1):89-102. doi:10.55213/kmujens.1130963
Chicago Yılmaz, Ersen. “Synthesis and Thermomechanical Analysis of Some Primer Alcohol Derivatives of Maleic Anhydride/Styrene Copolymer”. Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey Üniversitesi Mühendislik Ve Doğa Bilimleri Dergisi 4, no. 1 (June 2022): 89-102. https://doi.org/10.55213/kmujens.1130963.
EndNote Yılmaz E (June 1, 2022) Synthesis and Thermomechanical Analysis of Some Primer Alcohol Derivatives of Maleic Anhydride/Styrene Copolymer. Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey Üniversitesi Mühendislik ve Doğa Bilimleri Dergisi 4 1 89–102.
IEEE E. Yılmaz, “Synthesis and Thermomechanical Analysis of Some Primer Alcohol Derivatives of Maleic Anhydride/Styrene Copolymer”, KMUJENS, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 89–102, 2022, doi: 10.55213/kmujens.1130963.
ISNAD Yılmaz, Ersen. “Synthesis and Thermomechanical Analysis of Some Primer Alcohol Derivatives of Maleic Anhydride/Styrene Copolymer”. Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey Üniversitesi Mühendislik ve Doğa Bilimleri Dergisi 4/1 (June 2022), 89-102. https://doi.org/10.55213/kmujens.1130963.
JAMA Yılmaz E. Synthesis and Thermomechanical Analysis of Some Primer Alcohol Derivatives of Maleic Anhydride/Styrene Copolymer. KMUJENS. 2022;4:89–102.
MLA Yılmaz, Ersen. “Synthesis and Thermomechanical Analysis of Some Primer Alcohol Derivatives of Maleic Anhydride/Styrene Copolymer”. Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey Üniversitesi Mühendislik Ve Doğa Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 4, no. 1, 2022, pp. 89-102, doi:10.55213/kmujens.1130963.
Vancouver Yılmaz E. Synthesis and Thermomechanical Analysis of Some Primer Alcohol Derivatives of Maleic Anhydride/Styrene Copolymer. KMUJENS. 2022;4(1):89-102.
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