Synthesis and Investigation of the Dielectric Properties of Polyamide–Titanium Hybrid Nanocomposites
Abstract
A series of hybrid nanocomposites was prepared by sol-gel processing a lysine-modified organotitanium monomer into a polyamide host, with the titanium loading varied across the batches. Structural analysis relied on Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), while differential thermal analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, and thermogravimetric analysis collectively mapped the thermal stability and heat-response profile. High-resolution scanning electron microscopy (SEM) verified the dispersion quality of the titania phase throughout the polymer matrix. Frequency-dependent permittivity measurements further revealed that signalling frequency and TEOT content intertwine in shaping the dielectric fingerprint. Data indicate that moderate titanium incorporation shifts the polyamides’ dielectric constant upward, hinting at its emergent suitability for capacitive-device use. The polymer designation Lys-PA-1 exhibited the most elevated glass transition temperature, recording a Tg of 190 °C; conversely, Lys-PA-5 displayed the lowest glass transition at 125 °C. Thermogravimetric analysis later indicated that Lys-PA-1 retained the largest residual ash, measuring 24.4, while its Lys-PA-5 counterpart held just 2.0 of that solid fraction. Dielectric measurements identified Lys-PA-1 as the sample with the weakest effective permittivity. Collectively, these data sets advance the ongoing effort to engineer next-generation high-performance dielectric materials.
Keywords
Ethical Statement
no ethical statement
Supporting Institution
Inonu University
References
- Al-Mansoori, R. Obaid., Diwan, A. A., & Taher, A. A., Influence of Alumina and Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles on The Tensile, Impact and Hardness Properties of Epoxy Nanocomposites, Journal of Physics Conference Series, 1973(1) (2021) 12047.
- Asimakopoulos I. A., Psarras G. C., & Zoumpoulakis L., Nanocomposites of Barium Titanate Nanoparticles Embedded in Thermosetting Polymer Matrices (Novolac Resin/Unsaturated Polyesters/Epoxy Resin): A Comparative Study, ChemEngineering, 3(1) (2019) 12.
- Kausar A., Polymer/MXene nanocomposite–a new age for advanced materials, Polymer-Plastics Technology and Materials, 60(13) (2021) 1377–1392.
- Guo F., Aryana S., Han Y., Jiao Y., A Review of the Synthesis and Applications of Polymer–Nanoclay Composites, Applied Sciences, 8(9) (2018) 1696.
- Radzivilov E., Zotov I., Vikulova M., Tsyganov A., Artyukhov, I. I., Artyukhov, D., Gorokhovsky, A., Yudin, A. S., & Gorshkov, N., High-Permittivity Silicone Composites with Different Polarization Titanates for Electric Field Modification, Polymers, 17(7) (2025) 986.
- Wang B., Ma Y., Na B., Lv R., Liu H., Li W., Zhou H., Enhanced dielectric thermal stability and permittivity of flexible composite films based on BaTiO3 nanoparticles highly filled PVDF/PAN blend nanofibrous membranes, Polymer Composites, 39(S3) (2018) E1841-E1848.
- Silakaew K., Chanlek N., Manyam J., Thongbai P., Highly enhanced frequency- and temperature-stability permittivity of three-phase poly(vinylidene-fluoride) nanocomposites with retaining low loss tangent and high permittivity, Results in Physics, 26 (2021) 104410.
- Malucelli G., Graphene-based polymer nanocomposites: recent advances and still open challenges, Current Graphene Science, 1 (2017) 16-25.
- Wang D., You F., Hu G., Graphene/Polymer Nanocomposites with High Dielectric Performance: Interface Engineering. In Springer eBooks (2015) (p. 49).
- Carey M., Barsoum, M. W., MXene polymer nanocomposites: a review, Materials Today Advances, 9 (2021) 100120.
- Tripathi S. N., Rao G. S., Mathur A. B., Jasra R., Polyolefin/graphene nanocomposites: a review, RSC Advances, 7(38) (2017) 23615-23632.
- Francisco D. L., Paiva L. B., Aldeia, W., Advances in polyamide nanocomposites: A review, Polymer Composites, 40(3) (2019) 851-870.
- Qiu F., Yin X.,Qu J., Formation of polypropylene/functional graphene oxide nanocomposites with Different FGs loading in elongation flow condition. Polymer Engineering and Science, 59(4) (2018) 830.
- Gao W., Zhao N., Yu T., Xi J., Mao A., Yuan M., Bai H., Gao C., High-efficiency electromagnetic interference shielding realized in nacre-mimetic graphene/polymer composite with extremely low graphene loading. Carbon, 157 (2019) 570.
- Vinay S. S., Venkatesh C., Effect of nano-Al2O3 particles on mechanical and wear behaviour of glass fibre epoxy composites, Materials Today Proceedings, 46 (2021) 9004-9007.
- Kasiri A., Brabazon D., Materials Used Within Polymer Matrix Composites (PMCs) and PCM Production Via Additive Manufacturing, In Elsevier eBooks, (2020) 837.
- Trivedi M. K., Fourier Transform Infrared and Ultraviolet-Visible Spectroscopic Characterization of Ammonium Acetate and Ammonium Chloride: An Impact of Biofield Treatment, Modern Chemistry & Applications, 3(3) (2015).
- Saeed W. S., Alotaibi D. H., Al-Odayni A.-B., Haidyrah A. S., Alowais A., Khan R., Vera M. A. T. D., Alrahlah A.,Aouak T., Poly(ethylene-Co-vinyl Alcohol)/Titanium Dioxide Nanocomposite: Preparation and Characterization of Properties for Potential Use in Bone Tissue Engineering, International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 23(7) (2022) 3449.
- Khanahmadzadeh S., Hosseiny G., Synthesis, Characterization and Thermal Properties of Fe2TiO5/Cellulose and Cellulose Acetate Nanocomposite, Oriental Journal Of Chemistry, 30(4) (2014) 1951.
- Zagho, M. M., Al‐Maadeed, M. A. A., & Majeed, K., Thermal Properties of TiO2NP/CNT/LDPE Hybrid Nanocomposite Films, Polymers, 10(11) (2018) 1270.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Macromolecular and Materials Chemistry (Other) |
| Journal Section | Natural Sciences |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | September 30, 2025 |
| Submission Date | June 21, 2025 |
| Acceptance Date | September 19, 2025 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2025 Volume: 46 Issue: 3 |
