Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite

Omuz Sıkışma Sendromu olan Bireylerde Skapula-Spinöz Mesafesi Farkı ile Boyun ve Omuz Kas Kuvvetinin İncelenmesi

Year 2023, Volume: 5 Issue: 2, 69 - 79, 31.12.2023
https://doi.org/10.51538/intjourexerpsyc.1325267

Abstract

Omuz sıkışma sendromu stabilite ve mobilitede etkili olan yapıların subakromial arkta sıkışması ile oluşan kompleks bir durumdur. Bu duruma çeşitli faktörler sebep olmaktadır. Skapular diskinezi omuz sıkışma sendromu olan hastalarda sıklıkla görülen bir bulgu olup kas kuvvet dengesizliği ile ilişkilidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı omuz sıkışma sendromu olan bireylerde skapula-spinöz mesafe ile boyun ve omuz kas kuvveti arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi ve sağlıklı kontrol grubuyla karşılaştırılmasıdır. Araştırmaya omuz sıkışma sendromu tanısı alan (deney grubu) 12 hasta ile 8 sağlıklı (kontrol grubu) birey olmak üzere toplam 23 kişi dahil edildi. Araştırmada skapular diskinezi değerlendirmesi için ‘Lateral Skapula Testi’, kas kuvveti ölçümü için el dinamometresi ile kas kuvvet testi, ağrı ve disabilite durumunu değerlendirmek için ‘Omuz Ağrı ve Özürlülük (SPADI)’ ölçeği kullanıldı. İstatiksel analiz için Shapiro-Wilks testi, bağımsız örneklemler t-testi ve Mann-Whitney U testi kullanıldı. Deney ve kontrol grubunun skapular asimetri bakımından benzer oldukları belirlendi (p>0,05). Deney grubunda etkilenmiş taraf omuz fleksör, ekstansör, horizontal abdüktör, horizontal addüktör, internal rotatör ve eksternal rotatör kas kuvvetinin kontrol grubuna göre daha zayıf olduğu belirlendi (p<0.05). Çalışma grubunda boynun sağ lateral fleksörlerinin kas kuvvetinin kontrol grubuna göre daha zayıf olduğu (p=0.016); 45 derece abdüksiyon pozisyonunda değerlendirilen skapula-spinöz mesafe ile sağ omuz eksternal rotatör kas kuvveti arasında (p=0,004); sol omuz skapula-spinöz mesafe ile horizontal abdüktör kas kuvveti arasında (p=0,023) pozitif yönde anlamlı ilişki olduğu; 90 derece abdüksiyon pozisyonunda değerlendirilen skapula-spinöz mesafe (p:0,029) ile sol omuz fleksörlerinin ve ekstansörlerinin kas kuvveti arasında pozitif yönde anlamı ilişki olduğu belirlendi (p:0,039). Sonuç olarak omuz sıkışma sendromu olan bireylerde etkilenmiş taraf omuz kas kuvvetinin ve boyun lateral fleksiyon kas kuvvetinin etkilenmemiş tarafa göre daha düşük olduğu belirlenmiş ve omuz sıkışma sendromu olan bireylerin rehabilitasyon sürecinde omuz ve boyun kas kuvvetine yönelik tedavi planlanması gerektiği düşüncesine ulaşılmıştır.

References

  • Bakhsh W., & Nicandri, G. (2018). Anatomy and physical examination of the shoulder. Sports Medicine and Arthroscopy Review, 26(3), 10-22. https://doi.org/10.1097/JSA.0000000000000202
  • Bumin, G., Tüzün E., & Tonga, E. (2008). The Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI): Cross-cultural adaptation, reliability, and validity of the Turkish version. Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, 21(1), 57-62. https://doi.org/10.3233/BMR-2008-21108
  • Clausen, M. B., Witten, A., Holm, K., Christensen, K. B., Attrup, M. L., Hölmich, P., & Thorborg, K. (2017). Glenohumeral and scapulothoracic strength impairments exists in patients with subacromial impingement, but these are not reflected in the shoulder pain and disability index. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders, 18(1), 302. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12891-017-1667-1
  • Didesch, J. T, Tang, P. (2019). Anatomy, etiology, and management of scapular winging. The Journal of Hand Surgery, 44(4), 321-330. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhsa.2018.08.008
  • Du, W. Y., Huang, T. S., Chiu, Y. C., Mao, S. J., Hung, L. W., Liu, M. F., Yang, J. L., & Lin, J. J. (2020). Single-Session video and electromyography feedback in overhead athletes with scapular dyskinesis and impingement syndrome. Journal of Athletic Training, 55(3), 265-273. https://doi.org/10.4085/1062-6050-490-18
  • Forthomme, B., Crielaard, J. M., & Croisier, J. L. (2008). Scapular positioning in athlete's shoulder: particularities, clinical measurements and implications. Sports Medicine, 38(5), 369-86. https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-200838050-00002
  • Garving, C., Jakob, S., Bauer, I., Nadjar, R., Brunner, U. H., (2017). Impingement syndrome of the shoulder. Deutsches Ärzteblatt International, 114(45), 765-776. https://doi.org/10.3238/arztebl.2017.0765
  • Hannah, D. C., Scibek, J. S., & Carcia, C. R. (2017). Strength profiles in healthy individuals with and without scapular dyskinesis. International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy, 12(3), 305-313. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5455188/
  • Jafarian-Tangrood, Z., Sole, G., & Ribeiro, D. C. (2020). Is there an association between changes in pain or function with changes in scapular dyskinesis: A prospective cohort study. Musculoskeletal Science and Practice, 48, 102172. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msksp.2020.102172
  • Karabay, D., Erduran, M., Özcan C., & Yeşilyaprak, S. (2020). Subakromiyal sıkışma sendromu olan hastalarda omuzda sık kullanılan fonksiyon ölçekleri ile izometrik ve eksentrik omuz kuvveti arasındaki ilişki. Journal of Exercise Therapy and Rehabilitation, 6(3), 163-170. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/jetr/issue/51781/501819
  • Kibler, W. B. (2006). Scapular involvement in impingement: signs and symptoms. Instructional Course Lectures, 55, 35-43. https://europepmc.org/article/med/16958437
  • Kibler, W. B., Ludewig, P. M., McClure, P. W., Michener, L. A., Bak, K., & Sciascia A. D. (2013). Clinical implications of scapular dyskinesis in shoulder injury: the consensus statement from the 'Scapular Summit'. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 47(14), 877-85. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2013-092425
  • Kim, J. H., Kwon, O. Y., Hwang, U. J., Jung, S. H., Ahn, S. H., & Kim, H. A. (2021). Comparison of the shoulder external rotator strength and asymmetry ratio between workers with and without shoulder impingement syndrome. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 35(12), 3364-3369. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000003343
  • Kolber, M. J., Hanney, W. J., Cheatham, S. W., Salamh, P. A., Masaracchio, M., & Liu, X. (2017). Shoulder joint and muscle characteristics among weight-training participants with and without impingement syndrome. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 31(4), 1024-1032. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000001554
  • Land, H., Gordon, S., & Watt K. (2017). Isokinetic clinical assessment of rotator cuff strength in subacromial shoulder impingement. Musculoskeletal Science and Practice, 27, 32-39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msksp.2016.11.012
  • Lewis, J. S. (2009). Rotator cuff tendinopathy: a model for the continuum of pathology and related management. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 44, 918-923. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.2008.054817
  • Libardoni, T. C., Armijo-Olivo, S., Bevilaqua-Grossi, D., & Oliveira, A. S. (2020). Relationship between intensity of neck pain and disability and shoulder pain and disability in individuals with subacromial impingement symptoms: A cross-sectional Study. Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics, 43(7), 691-699. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmpt.2019.01.005
  • Lugo, R., Kung, P., & Ma, C. B. (2008). Shoulder biomechanics. European Journal of Radiology, 68(1), 16-24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrad.2008.02.051
  • Moraes, G. F., Faria, C. D., & Teixeira-Salmela, L. F. (2008). Scapular muscle recruitment patterns and isokinetic strength ratios of the shoulder rotator muscles in individuals with and without impingement syndrome. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery, 17(1), S48-S53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jse.2007.08.007
  • Odom, C. J., Taylor, A. B., Hurd, C. E., & Denegar, C. R. (2001). Measurement of scapular asymmetry and assessment of shoulder dysfunction using the lateral scapular slide test: a reliability and validity study. Physical Therapy, 81(2), 799-809. https://doi.org/10.1093/ptj/81.2.799
  • Orman, S., & Köse, N. (2016). Tedavi hareketlerinde temel değerlendirme prensipleri, 9. Baskı, Hipokrat Kitapevi, 155-156, 163-169.
  • Roach, K. E., Budiman‐Mak, E., Songsiridej, N., & Lertratanakul, Y. (1991). Development of a shoulder pain and disability index. Arthritis & Rheumatism: Official Journal of the American College of Rheumatology, 4(4), 143-149. https://doi.org/10.1002/art.1790040403
  • Rosa, D. P., Borstad, J. D., Ferreira, J. K., Gava, V., Santos, R. V., & Camargo, P. R. (2021). Comparison of specific and non-specific treatment approaches for individuals with posterior capsule tightness and shoulder impingement symptoms: A randomized controlled trial. Brazilian Journal of Physical Therapy, 25(5), 648-658. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjpt.2021.04.003
  • Singh, H., Thind, A., & Mohamed, N. (2022). Subacromial impingement syndrome: A systematic review of existing treatment modalities to newer proprioceptive-based strategies. Cureus, 14(8), e28405. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.28405
  • Tahran, Ö., & Yeşilyaprak, S. S. (2020). Effects of modified posterior shoulder stretching exercises on shoulder mobility, pain, and dysfunction in patients with subacromial impingement syndrome. Sports Health, 12(2), 139-148. https://doi.org/10.1177/1941738119900532
  • Turgut, E., Duzgun, I., & Baltaci, G. (2017). Effects of scapular stabilization exercise training on scapular kinematics, disability, and pain in subacromial impingement: a randomized controlled trial. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 98(10), 1915-1923. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2017.05.023
  • Uhl, T. L., Kibler, W. B., Gecewich, B., & Tripp, B. L. (2009). Evaluation of clinical assessment methods for scapular dyskinesis. Arthroscopy: The Journal of Arthroscopic & Related Surgery, 25(11), 1240-1248. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arthro.2009.06.007
  • Wannaprom, N., Jull, G., Treleaven, J., Warner, M. B., Kamnardsiri, T., & Uthaikhup, S. (2022). Clavicular and scapular, but not spinal kinematics vary with scapular dyskinesis type during arm elevation and lowering in persons with neck pain. Gait & Posture, 97, 48-55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2022.07.236
  • Williams, J. W., Jr., Holleman D. R., Jr., & Simel, D. (1995). Measuring shoulder function with the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index. The Journal of Rheumatology, 22(4), 727-732. https://europepmc.org/article/med/7791172
  • Williams, W. W., Twyman, R. S., Donell, S. T., & Birch, R. (1996). The posterior triangle and the painful shoulder: spinal accessory nerve injury. Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England, 78(6), 521. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2502864/
  • Witten, A., Barfod, K. W., Thorborg, K., Foverskov, M., & Clausen, M. B. (2019). Subacromial impingement syndrome. Ugeskr Laeger., 181(V03180215), 2-6. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Adam-Witten/publication/332158004_Subakromialt_impingement-syndrom/links/5ca3b387299bf1b86d60def4/Subakromialt-impingement-syndrom.pdf
  • Zakharova-Luneva, E., Jull, G., Johnston, V., & O'Leary, S. (2012). Altered trapezius muscle behavior in individuals with neck pain and clinical signs of scapular dysfunction. Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics, 35(5), 346-353. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmpt.2012.04.011
  • Zhang, A. L., Theologis, A. A., Tay, B., & Feeley, B. T. (2015). The association between cervical spine pathology and rotator cuff dysfunction. Journal of Spinal Disorders and Techniques, 28(4), E206-E211. https://doi.org/10.1097/BSD.0000000000000223

Investigation of Neck and Shoulder Muscle Strength by Scapula-Spinous Distance Difference in Individuals with Shoulder Impingement Syndrome

Year 2023, Volume: 5 Issue: 2, 69 - 79, 31.12.2023
https://doi.org/10.51538/intjourexerpsyc.1325267

Abstract

Shoulder impingement syndrome is a complex condition caused by compression of the structures that effectively stabilize the subacromial arch. Various factors cause this condition. Scapular dyskinesia is common in patients with shoulder impingement syndrome and is associated with muscle strength imbalance. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between scapula-spinous distance and neck and shoulder muscle strength in individuals with shoulder impingement syndrome and to compare them with the healthy control group. A total of 23 individuals, including 12 patients with shoulder impingement syndrome (experimental group) and eight healthy individuals (control group), were included in the study. In the study, 'Lateral Scapula Test' was used for scapular dyskinesia evaluation, a muscle strength test with a hand dynamometer was used for muscle strength measurement, 'Shoulder Pain and Disability (SPADI)' scale was used to evaluate pain and disability status. Shapiro-Wilks’s test, independent samples t-test, and Mann-Whitney U test were used for statistical analysis. It was determined that the experimental and control groups were similar regarding scapular asymmetry (p>0.05). In the experimental group, the affected side shoulder flexor, extensor, horizontal abductor, horizontal adductor, horizontal adductor, internal rotator, and external rotator muscle strength was weaker than the control group (p<0.05). Muscle strength of the right lateral flexors of the neck was weaker in the study group compared to the control group (p=0. 016); there was a significant positive correlation between the scapula-spinous distance evaluated at 45 degrees abduction position and the right shoulder external rotator muscle strength (p=0.004); there was a significant positive correlation between the left shoulder scapula-spinous distance and the horizontal abductor muscle strength (p=0.023); there was a significant positive correlation between the scapula-spinous distance evaluated at 90 degrees abduction position (p:0.029) and the muscle strength of the left shoulder flexors and extensors (p:0.039). In conclusion, it was determined that the shoulder muscle strength and neck lateral flexion muscle strength of the affected side were lower than the unaffected side in individuals with shoulder impingement syndrome, and it was concluded that treatment should be planned for shoulder and neck muscle strength in the rehabilitation process of individuals with shoulder impingement syndrome.

References

  • Bakhsh W., & Nicandri, G. (2018). Anatomy and physical examination of the shoulder. Sports Medicine and Arthroscopy Review, 26(3), 10-22. https://doi.org/10.1097/JSA.0000000000000202
  • Bumin, G., Tüzün E., & Tonga, E. (2008). The Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI): Cross-cultural adaptation, reliability, and validity of the Turkish version. Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, 21(1), 57-62. https://doi.org/10.3233/BMR-2008-21108
  • Clausen, M. B., Witten, A., Holm, K., Christensen, K. B., Attrup, M. L., Hölmich, P., & Thorborg, K. (2017). Glenohumeral and scapulothoracic strength impairments exists in patients with subacromial impingement, but these are not reflected in the shoulder pain and disability index. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders, 18(1), 302. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12891-017-1667-1
  • Didesch, J. T, Tang, P. (2019). Anatomy, etiology, and management of scapular winging. The Journal of Hand Surgery, 44(4), 321-330. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhsa.2018.08.008
  • Du, W. Y., Huang, T. S., Chiu, Y. C., Mao, S. J., Hung, L. W., Liu, M. F., Yang, J. L., & Lin, J. J. (2020). Single-Session video and electromyography feedback in overhead athletes with scapular dyskinesis and impingement syndrome. Journal of Athletic Training, 55(3), 265-273. https://doi.org/10.4085/1062-6050-490-18
  • Forthomme, B., Crielaard, J. M., & Croisier, J. L. (2008). Scapular positioning in athlete's shoulder: particularities, clinical measurements and implications. Sports Medicine, 38(5), 369-86. https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-200838050-00002
  • Garving, C., Jakob, S., Bauer, I., Nadjar, R., Brunner, U. H., (2017). Impingement syndrome of the shoulder. Deutsches Ärzteblatt International, 114(45), 765-776. https://doi.org/10.3238/arztebl.2017.0765
  • Hannah, D. C., Scibek, J. S., & Carcia, C. R. (2017). Strength profiles in healthy individuals with and without scapular dyskinesis. International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy, 12(3), 305-313. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5455188/
  • Jafarian-Tangrood, Z., Sole, G., & Ribeiro, D. C. (2020). Is there an association between changes in pain or function with changes in scapular dyskinesis: A prospective cohort study. Musculoskeletal Science and Practice, 48, 102172. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msksp.2020.102172
  • Karabay, D., Erduran, M., Özcan C., & Yeşilyaprak, S. (2020). Subakromiyal sıkışma sendromu olan hastalarda omuzda sık kullanılan fonksiyon ölçekleri ile izometrik ve eksentrik omuz kuvveti arasındaki ilişki. Journal of Exercise Therapy and Rehabilitation, 6(3), 163-170. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/jetr/issue/51781/501819
  • Kibler, W. B. (2006). Scapular involvement in impingement: signs and symptoms. Instructional Course Lectures, 55, 35-43. https://europepmc.org/article/med/16958437
  • Kibler, W. B., Ludewig, P. M., McClure, P. W., Michener, L. A., Bak, K., & Sciascia A. D. (2013). Clinical implications of scapular dyskinesis in shoulder injury: the consensus statement from the 'Scapular Summit'. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 47(14), 877-85. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2013-092425
  • Kim, J. H., Kwon, O. Y., Hwang, U. J., Jung, S. H., Ahn, S. H., & Kim, H. A. (2021). Comparison of the shoulder external rotator strength and asymmetry ratio between workers with and without shoulder impingement syndrome. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 35(12), 3364-3369. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000003343
  • Kolber, M. J., Hanney, W. J., Cheatham, S. W., Salamh, P. A., Masaracchio, M., & Liu, X. (2017). Shoulder joint and muscle characteristics among weight-training participants with and without impingement syndrome. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 31(4), 1024-1032. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000001554
  • Land, H., Gordon, S., & Watt K. (2017). Isokinetic clinical assessment of rotator cuff strength in subacromial shoulder impingement. Musculoskeletal Science and Practice, 27, 32-39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msksp.2016.11.012
  • Lewis, J. S. (2009). Rotator cuff tendinopathy: a model for the continuum of pathology and related management. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 44, 918-923. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.2008.054817
  • Libardoni, T. C., Armijo-Olivo, S., Bevilaqua-Grossi, D., & Oliveira, A. S. (2020). Relationship between intensity of neck pain and disability and shoulder pain and disability in individuals with subacromial impingement symptoms: A cross-sectional Study. Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics, 43(7), 691-699. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmpt.2019.01.005
  • Lugo, R., Kung, P., & Ma, C. B. (2008). Shoulder biomechanics. European Journal of Radiology, 68(1), 16-24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrad.2008.02.051
  • Moraes, G. F., Faria, C. D., & Teixeira-Salmela, L. F. (2008). Scapular muscle recruitment patterns and isokinetic strength ratios of the shoulder rotator muscles in individuals with and without impingement syndrome. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery, 17(1), S48-S53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jse.2007.08.007
  • Odom, C. J., Taylor, A. B., Hurd, C. E., & Denegar, C. R. (2001). Measurement of scapular asymmetry and assessment of shoulder dysfunction using the lateral scapular slide test: a reliability and validity study. Physical Therapy, 81(2), 799-809. https://doi.org/10.1093/ptj/81.2.799
  • Orman, S., & Köse, N. (2016). Tedavi hareketlerinde temel değerlendirme prensipleri, 9. Baskı, Hipokrat Kitapevi, 155-156, 163-169.
  • Roach, K. E., Budiman‐Mak, E., Songsiridej, N., & Lertratanakul, Y. (1991). Development of a shoulder pain and disability index. Arthritis & Rheumatism: Official Journal of the American College of Rheumatology, 4(4), 143-149. https://doi.org/10.1002/art.1790040403
  • Rosa, D. P., Borstad, J. D., Ferreira, J. K., Gava, V., Santos, R. V., & Camargo, P. R. (2021). Comparison of specific and non-specific treatment approaches for individuals with posterior capsule tightness and shoulder impingement symptoms: A randomized controlled trial. Brazilian Journal of Physical Therapy, 25(5), 648-658. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjpt.2021.04.003
  • Singh, H., Thind, A., & Mohamed, N. (2022). Subacromial impingement syndrome: A systematic review of existing treatment modalities to newer proprioceptive-based strategies. Cureus, 14(8), e28405. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.28405
  • Tahran, Ö., & Yeşilyaprak, S. S. (2020). Effects of modified posterior shoulder stretching exercises on shoulder mobility, pain, and dysfunction in patients with subacromial impingement syndrome. Sports Health, 12(2), 139-148. https://doi.org/10.1177/1941738119900532
  • Turgut, E., Duzgun, I., & Baltaci, G. (2017). Effects of scapular stabilization exercise training on scapular kinematics, disability, and pain in subacromial impingement: a randomized controlled trial. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 98(10), 1915-1923. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2017.05.023
  • Uhl, T. L., Kibler, W. B., Gecewich, B., & Tripp, B. L. (2009). Evaluation of clinical assessment methods for scapular dyskinesis. Arthroscopy: The Journal of Arthroscopic & Related Surgery, 25(11), 1240-1248. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arthro.2009.06.007
  • Wannaprom, N., Jull, G., Treleaven, J., Warner, M. B., Kamnardsiri, T., & Uthaikhup, S. (2022). Clavicular and scapular, but not spinal kinematics vary with scapular dyskinesis type during arm elevation and lowering in persons with neck pain. Gait & Posture, 97, 48-55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2022.07.236
  • Williams, J. W., Jr., Holleman D. R., Jr., & Simel, D. (1995). Measuring shoulder function with the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index. The Journal of Rheumatology, 22(4), 727-732. https://europepmc.org/article/med/7791172
  • Williams, W. W., Twyman, R. S., Donell, S. T., & Birch, R. (1996). The posterior triangle and the painful shoulder: spinal accessory nerve injury. Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England, 78(6), 521. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2502864/
  • Witten, A., Barfod, K. W., Thorborg, K., Foverskov, M., & Clausen, M. B. (2019). Subacromial impingement syndrome. Ugeskr Laeger., 181(V03180215), 2-6. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Adam-Witten/publication/332158004_Subakromialt_impingement-syndrom/links/5ca3b387299bf1b86d60def4/Subakromialt-impingement-syndrom.pdf
  • Zakharova-Luneva, E., Jull, G., Johnston, V., & O'Leary, S. (2012). Altered trapezius muscle behavior in individuals with neck pain and clinical signs of scapular dysfunction. Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics, 35(5), 346-353. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmpt.2012.04.011
  • Zhang, A. L., Theologis, A. A., Tay, B., & Feeley, B. T. (2015). The association between cervical spine pathology and rotator cuff dysfunction. Journal of Spinal Disorders and Techniques, 28(4), E206-E211. https://doi.org/10.1097/BSD.0000000000000223
There are 33 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Physical Activity and Health, Sports Science and Exercise (Other)
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Bihter Akınoğlu 0000-0002-8214-7895

Sümeyye Karabacak 0009-0005-9675-9250

Ayfer Ezgi Yılmaz 0000-0002-6214-8014

Aydan Örsçelik 0000-0002-8610-8869

Tuğba Kocahan 0000-0002-0567-857X

Early Pub Date December 31, 2023
Publication Date December 31, 2023
Submission Date July 10, 2023
Acceptance Date December 30, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 5 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Akınoğlu, B., Karabacak, S., Yılmaz, A. E., Örsçelik, A., et al. (2023). Omuz Sıkışma Sendromu olan Bireylerde Skapula-Spinöz Mesafesi Farkı ile Boyun ve Omuz Kas Kuvvetinin İncelenmesi. Uluslararası Egzersiz Psikolojisi Dergisi, 5(2), 69-79. https://doi.org/10.51538/intjourexerpsyc.1325267