Research Article
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Ultrasonic extraction conditions using response surface methodology: total phenolic content of bee pollen

Year 2023, Volume: 7 Issue: 2, 144 - 150, 31.12.2023

Ayşenur Gürgen Zehra Can Yakup Kara Hüseyin Şahin

https://doi.org/10.32571/ijct.1340424

Abstract

Bee pollen plays a significant role in bee nutrition, bee population sustainability, pollination processes, and its health and nutritional benefits for humans. It contains protein, vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants, offering valuable nutritional properties. The total phenolic content (TPC) is an important parameter in determining the nutritional and health value of pollen. The presence of high levels of phenolic compounds in pollen enhances their health benefits and can provide protective effects against diseases by combating oxidative stress. In the study, ultrasonic extraction conditions for pollen were optimized using the Response Surface Method to maximize TPC. The experimental study was designed according to Box-Behnken design: 30–70% ethanol ratio, 5–15 min of extraction time, and 10–20% ultrasonic amplitude modulation (AM). The TPC of the obtained extracts were determined using the Folin-Ciocalteu procedure. The optimal extraction conditions were predicted as 60.012% ethanol ratio, 11.054 min, and 19.160% AM for reaching 9.572 mg/GAE g extract.

Keywords

Optimization bee pollen response surface method total phenolic content

Thanks

The authors thank Bee&You (Bee'O®) (SBS Scientific Bio Solutions Inc., Istanbul, Türkiye) for providing the bee pollen sample.

References

  • Ares, A. M.; Valverde, S.; Bernal, J. L.; Nozal, M. J.; Bernal, J. J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal. 2018, 147, 110-124.
  • Kieliszek, M.; Piwowarek, K.; Kot, A. M.; Błażejak, S.; Chlebowska-Śmigiel, A.; Wolska, I. Trends Food Sci. Technol. 2018, 71, 170-180.
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  • Kurek-Górecka, A.; Górecki, M.; Rzepecka-Stojko, A.; Balwierz, R.; Stojko, J. Molecules 2020, 25 (3), 556.
  • Cornara, L.; Biagi, M.; Xiao, J.; Burlando, B. Front. Pharmacol. 2017, 412.
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  • Aylanc, V.; Falcão, S. I.; Ertosun, S.; Vilas-Boas, M. Trends Food Sci. Technol. 2021, 109, 464-481.
  • Denisow, B.; Denisow‐Pietrzyk, M. J. Sci. Food Agric. 2016, 96 (13), 4303-4309
  • Thakur, M.; Nanda, V. Trends Food Sci. Technol. 2020, 98, 82-106.
  • Mayda, N.; Özkök, A.; Ecem Bayram, N.; Gerçek, Y. C.; Sorkun, K. J. Food Meas. Charact. 2020, 14 (4), 1795-1809.
  • Bakour, M.; Al-Waili, N. S.; El Menyiy, N.; Imtara, H.; Figuira, A. C.; Al-Waili, T.; Lyoussi, B. J. Food Sci. Technol. 2017, 54 (13), 4205-4212.
  • Alvarez-Suarez, J. M., Bee products-chemical and biological properties. Springer: AG, Cham, Switzerland, 2017.
  • Bayram, N. E.; Gercek, Y. C.; Çelik, S.; Mayda, N.; Kostić, A. Ž. Arab. J. Chem. 2021, 14 (3), 103004.
  • Didaras, N. A.; Karatasou, K.; Dimitriou, T. G.; Amoutzias, G. D.; Mossialos, D. Antibiotics 2020, 9 (11), 811.
  • Komosinska-Vassev, K.; Olczyk, P.; Kaźmierczak, J.; Mencner, L.; Olczyk, K., Bee pollen: chemical composition and therapeutic application. Evid.-Based Complementary Altern. Med. 2015, 2015.
  • Urcan, A. C.; Criste, A. D.; Dezmirean, D. S.; Bobiș, O.; Bonta, V.; Dulf, F. V.; Mărgăoan, R.; Cornea-Cipcigan, M.; Campos, M. G. LWT-Food Sci. Technol. 2021, 142, 111068.
  • Kim, S. B.; Jo, Y. H.; Liu, Q.; Ahn, J. H.; Hong, I. P.; Han, S. M.; Hwang, B. Y.; Lee, M. K. Molecules 2015, 20 (11), 19764-19774.
  • Dursun, A.; Güler, Z.; Özkan, D.; Bozdoğan-Konuşkan, D. Int J Sec Metabolite. 2017, 4(3):195-204.
  • Güler, Z.; Dursun, A.; Özkan, D. Int J Sec Metabolite. 2017, 4(3):167-176.
  • Wen, C.; Zhang, J.; Zhang, H.; Dzah, C. S.; Zandile, M.; Duan, Y.; Ma, H.; Luo, X. Ultrason. Sonochem. 2018, 48, 538-549.
  • Khuri, A. I.; Mukhopadhyay, S. Wiley Interdiscip. Rev. Comput. Stat. 2010, 2 (2), 128-149.
  • Singleton, V. L.; Rossi, J. A. Am. J. Enol. Viticult. 1965, 16 (3), 144-158.
  • Turkmen, D.; Dursun, A.; Caliskan, O.; Koksal-Kavrak, M.; Guler, Z. J Agric Sci Technol. 2023, 25(5): 1089-1099.
  • Giampieri, F.; Quiles, J. L.; Cianciosi, D.; Forbes-Hernández, T. Y.; Orantes-Bermejo, F. J.; Alvarez-Suarez, J. M.; Battino, M. J. Agric. Food Chem. 2022, 70 (23), 6833-6848.
  • Denisow, B.; Denisow‐Pietrzyk, M. J. Sci. Food Agric. 2016, 96 (13), 4303-4309.
  • Dundar, A. N. J. Food Proces. Preservat. 2022, 46 (6), e16085.
  • Rajs, B. B.; Primorac, L.; Gal, K.; Bubalo, D.; Prđun, S.; Flanjak, I. Acta Sci. Pol. Technol. Aliment. 2022, 21 (2), 213-222.
  • Mayda, N.; Özkök, A.; Ecem Bayram, N.; Gerçek, Y. C.; Sorkun, K. J. Food Meas. Charact. 2020, 14, 1795-1809.
  • Rzepecka-Stojko, A.; Stec, M.; Kurzeja, E.; Gawrońska, E.; Pawłowska-Góral, K. Pol. J. Environ. Stud. 2012, 21 (4), 1007-1011.
  • Čeksteryté, V.; Kurtinaitienė, B.; Venskutonis, P. R.; Pukalskas, A.; Kazernavičiūtė, R.; Balžekas, J. Czech J. Food Sci. 2016, 34 (2), 133-142.
  • Çelik, S.; Kutlu, N.; Gerçek, Y. C.; Bayram, S.; Pandiselvam, R.; Bayram, N. E. Foods 2022, 11 (22), 3652.

Yanıt Yüzeyi Metodu ile Ultrasonik Ekstraksiyon Koşullarının Optimizasyonu: Arı Poleni Toplam Fenolik Miktarı

Year 2023, Volume: 7 Issue: 2, 144 - 150, 31.12.2023

Ayşenur Gürgen Zehra Can Yakup Kara Hüseyin Şahin

https://doi.org/10.32571/ijct.1340424

Abstract

Arı poleni, arı beslenmesinde, arı popülasyonunun sürdürülebilirliğinde, tozlaşma süreçlerinde ve insanlar için sağlık ve beslenme açısından önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. Değerli beslenme özellikleri sunan protein, vitaminler, mineraller ve antioksidanlar içerir. Polenlerin besin ve sağlık değerlerinin belirlenmesinde toplam fenolik içerik önemli bir parametredir. Polenlerde yüksek düzeyde fenolik bileşiklerin varlığı, sağlık yararlarını artırır ve oksidatif stresle mücadele ederek hastalıklara karşı koruyucu etkiler sağlamaktadır. Çalışmada, polenin ultrasonik ekstraksiyon koşulları, maksimum toplam fenolik içeriğine Yanıt Yüzeyi Metodu kullanılarak optimize edilmiştir. Deneysel çalışma %30-70 etanol oranı, 5-15 dk ekstraksiyon süresi, %10-20 ultrasonik Genlik Modülasyonu (GM) olacak şekilde Box-Behnken deneme desenine göre tasarlanmıştır. Elde edilen ekstraktların toplam fenolik içerikleri Folin-Ciocalteu prosedürü kullanılarak belirlenmiştir. Optimum ekstraksiyon koşulları %60.012 etanol oranı, 11.054 dk ve %19.160 GM ve en yüksek toplam fenolik madde miktarı 9.572 mg/GAE g ekstrakt olarak tahmin edilmiştir.

Keywords

Optimizasyon arı poleni yanıt yüzeyi metodu toplam fenolik madde

References

  • Ares, A. M.; Valverde, S.; Bernal, J. L.; Nozal, M. J.; Bernal, J. J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal. 2018, 147, 110-124.
  • Kieliszek, M.; Piwowarek, K.; Kot, A. M.; Błażejak, S.; Chlebowska-Śmigiel, A.; Wolska, I. Trends Food Sci. Technol. 2018, 71, 170-180.
  • Basa, B.; Belay, W.; Tilahun, A.; Teshale, A. Advances in Biological Research 2016, 10 (4), 236-247.
  • Kurek-Górecka, A.; Górecki, M.; Rzepecka-Stojko, A.; Balwierz, R.; Stojko, J. Molecules 2020, 25 (3), 556.
  • Cornara, L.; Biagi, M.; Xiao, J.; Burlando, B. Front. Pharmacol. 2017, 412.
  • Nainu, F.; Masyita, A.; Bahar, M.; Raihan, M.; Prova, S. R.; Mitra, S.; Emran, T. B.; Simal-Gandara, J. Antibiotics 2021, 10 (7), 822.
  • Aylanc, V.; Falcão, S. I.; Ertosun, S.; Vilas-Boas, M. Trends Food Sci. Technol. 2021, 109, 464-481.
  • Denisow, B.; Denisow‐Pietrzyk, M. J. Sci. Food Agric. 2016, 96 (13), 4303-4309
  • Thakur, M.; Nanda, V. Trends Food Sci. Technol. 2020, 98, 82-106.
  • Mayda, N.; Özkök, A.; Ecem Bayram, N.; Gerçek, Y. C.; Sorkun, K. J. Food Meas. Charact. 2020, 14 (4), 1795-1809.
  • Bakour, M.; Al-Waili, N. S.; El Menyiy, N.; Imtara, H.; Figuira, A. C.; Al-Waili, T.; Lyoussi, B. J. Food Sci. Technol. 2017, 54 (13), 4205-4212.
  • Alvarez-Suarez, J. M., Bee products-chemical and biological properties. Springer: AG, Cham, Switzerland, 2017.
  • Bayram, N. E.; Gercek, Y. C.; Çelik, S.; Mayda, N.; Kostić, A. Ž. Arab. J. Chem. 2021, 14 (3), 103004.
  • Didaras, N. A.; Karatasou, K.; Dimitriou, T. G.; Amoutzias, G. D.; Mossialos, D. Antibiotics 2020, 9 (11), 811.
  • Komosinska-Vassev, K.; Olczyk, P.; Kaźmierczak, J.; Mencner, L.; Olczyk, K., Bee pollen: chemical composition and therapeutic application. Evid.-Based Complementary Altern. Med. 2015, 2015.
  • Urcan, A. C.; Criste, A. D.; Dezmirean, D. S.; Bobiș, O.; Bonta, V.; Dulf, F. V.; Mărgăoan, R.; Cornea-Cipcigan, M.; Campos, M. G. LWT-Food Sci. Technol. 2021, 142, 111068.
  • Kim, S. B.; Jo, Y. H.; Liu, Q.; Ahn, J. H.; Hong, I. P.; Han, S. M.; Hwang, B. Y.; Lee, M. K. Molecules 2015, 20 (11), 19764-19774.
  • Dursun, A.; Güler, Z.; Özkan, D.; Bozdoğan-Konuşkan, D. Int J Sec Metabolite. 2017, 4(3):195-204.
  • Güler, Z.; Dursun, A.; Özkan, D. Int J Sec Metabolite. 2017, 4(3):167-176.
  • Wen, C.; Zhang, J.; Zhang, H.; Dzah, C. S.; Zandile, M.; Duan, Y.; Ma, H.; Luo, X. Ultrason. Sonochem. 2018, 48, 538-549.
  • Khuri, A. I.; Mukhopadhyay, S. Wiley Interdiscip. Rev. Comput. Stat. 2010, 2 (2), 128-149.
  • Singleton, V. L.; Rossi, J. A. Am. J. Enol. Viticult. 1965, 16 (3), 144-158.
  • Turkmen, D.; Dursun, A.; Caliskan, O.; Koksal-Kavrak, M.; Guler, Z. J Agric Sci Technol. 2023, 25(5): 1089-1099.
  • Giampieri, F.; Quiles, J. L.; Cianciosi, D.; Forbes-Hernández, T. Y.; Orantes-Bermejo, F. J.; Alvarez-Suarez, J. M.; Battino, M. J. Agric. Food Chem. 2022, 70 (23), 6833-6848.
  • Denisow, B.; Denisow‐Pietrzyk, M. J. Sci. Food Agric. 2016, 96 (13), 4303-4309.
  • Dundar, A. N. J. Food Proces. Preservat. 2022, 46 (6), e16085.
  • Rajs, B. B.; Primorac, L.; Gal, K.; Bubalo, D.; Prđun, S.; Flanjak, I. Acta Sci. Pol. Technol. Aliment. 2022, 21 (2), 213-222.
  • Mayda, N.; Özkök, A.; Ecem Bayram, N.; Gerçek, Y. C.; Sorkun, K. J. Food Meas. Charact. 2020, 14, 1795-1809.
  • Rzepecka-Stojko, A.; Stec, M.; Kurzeja, E.; Gawrońska, E.; Pawłowska-Góral, K. Pol. J. Environ. Stud. 2012, 21 (4), 1007-1011.
  • Čeksteryté, V.; Kurtinaitienė, B.; Venskutonis, P. R.; Pukalskas, A.; Kazernavičiūtė, R.; Balžekas, J. Czech J. Food Sci. 2016, 34 (2), 133-142.
  • Çelik, S.; Kutlu, N.; Gerçek, Y. C.; Bayram, S.; Pandiselvam, R.; Bayram, N. E. Foods 2022, 11 (22), 3652.
There are 31 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Food Engineering, Industrial Engineering
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Ayşenur Gürgen 0000-0002-2263-7323

Zehra Can 0000-0002-7156-4941

Yakup Kara 0000-0003-3121-5023

Hüseyin Şahin 0000-0002-6018-1494

Early Pub Date January 6, 2024
Publication Date December 31, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 7 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Gürgen, A., Can, Z., Kara, Y., Şahin, H. (2023). Ultrasonic extraction conditions using response surface methodology: total phenolic content of bee pollen. International Journal of Chemistry and Technology, 7(2), 144-150. https://doi.org/10.32571/ijct.1340424
AMA Gürgen A, Can Z, Kara Y, Şahin H. Ultrasonic extraction conditions using response surface methodology: total phenolic content of bee pollen. Int. J. Chem. Technol. December 2023;7(2):144-150. doi:10.32571/ijct.1340424
Chicago Gürgen, Ayşenur, Zehra Can, Yakup Kara, and Hüseyin Şahin. “Ultrasonic Extraction Conditions Using Response Surface Methodology: Total Phenolic Content of Bee Pollen”. International Journal of Chemistry and Technology 7, no. 2 (December 2023): 144-50. https://doi.org/10.32571/ijct.1340424.
EndNote Gürgen A, Can Z, Kara Y, Şahin H (December 1, 2023) Ultrasonic extraction conditions using response surface methodology: total phenolic content of bee pollen. International Journal of Chemistry and Technology 7 2 144–150.
IEEE A. Gürgen, Z. Can, Y. Kara, and H. Şahin, “Ultrasonic extraction conditions using response surface methodology: total phenolic content of bee pollen”, Int. J. Chem. Technol., vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 144–150, 2023, doi: 10.32571/ijct.1340424.
ISNAD Gürgen, Ayşenur et al. “Ultrasonic Extraction Conditions Using Response Surface Methodology: Total Phenolic Content of Bee Pollen”. International Journal of Chemistry and Technology 7/2 (December 2023), 144-150. https://doi.org/10.32571/ijct.1340424.
JAMA Gürgen A, Can Z, Kara Y, Şahin H. Ultrasonic extraction conditions using response surface methodology: total phenolic content of bee pollen. Int. J. Chem. Technol. 2023;7:144–150.
MLA Gürgen, Ayşenur et al. “Ultrasonic Extraction Conditions Using Response Surface Methodology: Total Phenolic Content of Bee Pollen”. International Journal of Chemistry and Technology, vol. 7, no. 2, 2023, pp. 144-50, doi:10.32571/ijct.1340424.
Vancouver Gürgen A, Can Z, Kara Y, Şahin H. Ultrasonic extraction conditions using response surface methodology: total phenolic content of bee pollen. Int. J. Chem. Technol. 2023;7(2):144-50.

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