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ŞARAP SEKTÖRÜNÜ ETKİLEYEN BAZI SEÇİLİ EKONOMİK VE SOSYAL FAKTÖRLERİN ANALİZİ: BİR BULANIK KÜMELEME ANALİZİ

Year 2023, Volume: 41 Issue: Tarım Özel Sayısı, 111 - 123, 31.07.2023

Ayşe Nil Tosun Ayfer Ezgi Yılmaz

https://doi.org/10.17065/huniibf.1241681

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı şarap endüstrisini etkileyen seçili bazı ekonomik ve sosyal faktörleri analiz etmek ve Türkiye de dahil olmak üzere Avrupa’da şarap üreten ülkelerdeki kümelenmeyi belirlemektir. Çalışmanın örneklemi 28 ülkeyi (27 AB üyesi ülke ve Türkiye) içermektedir. Şarap endüstrisi ile ilgili ülke düzeyinde 5 değişken analiz edilmiştir: ÖTV, KDV, Avrupa Birliği’nin şarap endüstrisine sağladığı destekler, coğrafi işaretler ve şarap ihracat verileri. Verilerin analizinde bulanık c-ortalama kümeleme algoritması kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre Türkiye seçili sosyal ve ekonomik faktörler açısından benzer olan 24 diğer Avrupa ülkesi ile aynı kümede yer almaktadır. Dolayısıyla bu ülkeler ile rakip olması muhtemeldir. Avrupa’nın en büyük üreticileri İtalya, Fransa ve İspanya farklı bir kümede yer almaktadırlar. Ekonomi politikaları Türkiye’nin şarap üretiminde uluslararası bir lider olmasına yardımcı olabilir. Örneğin Türk hükümeti AB ülkelerinde olduğu gibi şarap endüstrisinden alınan özel tüketim vergisinin azaltabilir veya kaldırabilir, yerli şaraplar için coğrafi işaret alımlarını destekleyebilir, sektöre nakit destek sağlayabilir.

Keywords

şarap sektörü coğrafi işaretler kümeleme analizi

References

  • Berdzuli, N., Ferreira-Borges, C., Gual, A., & Rehm, J. (2020). Alcohol control policy in Europe: Overview and exemplary countries. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(21), 8162, 1-14. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17218162
  • Bezdek, J. C. (1973). Cluster validity with fuzzy sets. Journal of Cybernetics, 3(3), 58-73. https://doi.org/10.1080/01969727308546047
  • Bezdek, J. C. (1981). Pattern recognition with fuzzy objective function algorithms. Plenum Press, New York.
  • Campello, R. J. G. B., & Hruschka, E. R. (2006). A fuzzy extension of the silhouette width criterion for cluster analysis. Fuzzy Sets and Systems, 157(21), 2858-2875. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fss.2006.07.006
  • Chaloupka, F.J., Yurekli, A., & Fong, G. T. (2012). Tobacco taxes as a tobacco control strategy. Tobacco Control, 21(2), 172-180. https://doi.org/10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2011-050417
  • Dave, R. N. (1996). Validating fuzzy partitions obtained through c-shells clustering. Pattern Recognition Letters, 17(6), 613-623. https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-8655(96)00026-8
  • European Commission (2020). Coronavirus: Commission adopts new exceptional support measures for the wine sector. Retrieved 21 January 2023 from https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/IP_20_1267
  • European Commission (2021). Excise Duty Tables Part I-Alcoholic Beverages https://ec.europa.eu/taxation_customs/system/files/2021-09/excise_duties-part_i_alcohol_en.pdf Access Date:13 July 2022
  • European Commission (2023a). Geographical indications and quality schemes explained. Retrieved 21 January 2023 from https://agriculture.ec.europa.eu/farming/geographical-indications-and-qualityschemes/geographical-indications-and-quality-schemes-explained_en
  • European Commission (2023b) Wine Trade Retrieved 4 June 2023 from https://agridata.ec.europa.eu/extensions/DashboardWine/WineTrade.html
  • Foguem-Kamsu, B., Flammang, A., & Foguem-Tchuente, G. (2015). Knowledge engineering approach for the analysis of viticulture. Ecological Informatics, 30, 72-81. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoinf.2015.09.004
  • Frost, W., Frost, J., Strickland, P., & Maguire, J. S. (2020). Seeking a competitive advantage in wine tourism: Heritage and storytelling at the cellar-door. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 87(102460), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2020.102460
  • Harutyunyan, M., & Ferreira-Malfeito, M. (2022). The rise of wine among ancient civilization across the Mediterranean basin. Heritage 5(2), 788-812. https://doi.org/10.3390/heritage5020043
  • International Organisation of Vine and Wine [OIV] (2021). State of the world vitivinicultural sector in 2020. Retrieved 26 January 2023 from https://www.oiv.int/public/medias/7909/oiv-state-of-the-world-vitivinicultural-sector-in-2020.pdf
  • Joy, A., Latour, A. K., Charters, S. J., Grohmann, B., & Peňa-Moreno, C. (2021). The artification of wine: Lessons from the fine wines of Bordeaux and Burgundy. Arts and Market, 11(1), 24-39. https://doi.org/10.1108/AAM-11-2020-0048
  • Karaoğlu D. K. (2007). Uluslararası Bağ ve Şarap Örgütü (OIV) ve AB üyeliği bağlamında Türk şarap sektörü: Potansiyel fırsatlar ve tehditler. Uluslararası Ekonomik Sorunlar Dergisi, XXVI.
  • Kaufman, L., & Rousseeuw, P. J. (1990). Finding Groups in Data: An Introduction to Cluster Analysis, Wiley, New York.
  • Ludington, C.C. (2018). Inventing grand cru claret: Irish wine merchants in eighteenth-century Bordeaux. Global Food History, 5(1-2), 25-44. https://doi.org/10.1080/20549547.2019.1554347
  • Ministry of Agriculture and Foresty (2022). Statistics of Ministry of Agriculture and Foresty. Retrieved 26 January 26 2023 from data.tuik.gov.tr/Kategori/GetKategori?p=tarim-111&dil=1
  • Olexová, C., Sudzina, F., & Cakoci, K. (2022). The Vat gap in relation to the quality of governance in selected CEE countries. Journal of Eastern European and Central Asian Research, 9(3), 385-399. https://doi.org/10.15549/jeecar.v9i3.791
  • Pérez-Móron, J. M. (2022). To tax or not to tax sin goods: That’s the question for emerging economies. ICBT: 2021: Innovation of Business and Digitalization during Covid-19 Pandemic (proceedings of the International Conference on Business and Technology (ICBT 2021), Lecture Notes in Networkers and Systems” book series, Editors: Bahaaeddin Alareeni, Allam Hamdan, 411-419.
  • Prieger, J., & Kullick, E. (2018). Cigarette taxes and illicit trade in Europe. Journal of Economic Inquiry, 56(3), 1706-1723. https://doi.org/10.1111/ecin.12564
  • Semerci, A., Kızıltuğ, T., Çelik, A., & Kiracı, M. (2015). Türkiye bağcılığının genel durumu. Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 20(2), 42-51.
  • Schulz, F. N., Richter, B., & Hant, J. H. (2022). Current developments in European alcohol policy: An analysis of possible impacts on the German vine industry. Open Access Beverages, 8(4), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.3390/beverages8040075.
  • Srivastava, P., Yang, O., & Zhao, X. (2022). Equal tax for equal alcohol? Beverage types and antisocial and unlawful behaviors. Economic Record, 98(323), 354-372. https://doi.org/10.1111/1475-4932.12704
  • T.C. Tarım ve Orman Bakanlığı Tütün ve Alkol Dairesi Başkanlığı (2023). Piyasa istatistikleri. Retrieved 4 June 2023 https://www.tarimorman.gov.tr/TADB/Menu/23/Alkol-Ve-Alkollu-Ickiler-Daire-Baskanligi
  • Xie X.L., & Beni, G. (1991). A validity measure for fuzzy clustering. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence. 13, 841-847. https://doi.org/10.1109/34.85677

AN ANALYSIS OF SOME SELECTED ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL FACTORS AFFECTING WINE SECTOR: A FUZZY CLUSTERING ANALYSIS

Year 2023, Volume: 41 Issue: Tarım Özel Sayısı, 111 - 123, 31.07.2023

Ayşe Nil Tosun Ayfer Ezgi Yılmaz

https://doi.org/10.17065/huniibf.1241681

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to analyze some selected economic and social factors affecting the wine industry and to determine the cluster of countries in Europe including Türkiye that produce wine. The study sample comprised 28 countries (the 27 EU members plus Türkiye). Five country-level variables related to the wine industry were analyzed: Excise duty, value added tax, support provided by the European Union to the wine industry, geographical indications, and wine export data. A fuzzy c-means clustering algorithm was used to analyze the data. According to the findings, Türkiye is in the same cluster with 24 other European countries that are similar regarding selected social and economic factors. Thus, these countries are likely to be suitable competitors in terms of wine production. European largest producers Italy, France and Spain are in a different cluster. Economic policies can help Türkiye become an international leader in wine production. For example, the Turkish government can decrease or stop collecting excise duties from the wine industry, support the acquisition of geographical indications for its local wines. provide cash support to the industry, similar to policies throughout the European Union countries.

Keywords

Wine Sector Geographical Indications Cluster Analysis

References

  • Berdzuli, N., Ferreira-Borges, C., Gual, A., & Rehm, J. (2020). Alcohol control policy in Europe: Overview and exemplary countries. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(21), 8162, 1-14. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17218162
  • Bezdek, J. C. (1973). Cluster validity with fuzzy sets. Journal of Cybernetics, 3(3), 58-73. https://doi.org/10.1080/01969727308546047
  • Bezdek, J. C. (1981). Pattern recognition with fuzzy objective function algorithms. Plenum Press, New York.
  • Campello, R. J. G. B., & Hruschka, E. R. (2006). A fuzzy extension of the silhouette width criterion for cluster analysis. Fuzzy Sets and Systems, 157(21), 2858-2875. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fss.2006.07.006
  • Chaloupka, F.J., Yurekli, A., & Fong, G. T. (2012). Tobacco taxes as a tobacco control strategy. Tobacco Control, 21(2), 172-180. https://doi.org/10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2011-050417
  • Dave, R. N. (1996). Validating fuzzy partitions obtained through c-shells clustering. Pattern Recognition Letters, 17(6), 613-623. https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-8655(96)00026-8
  • European Commission (2020). Coronavirus: Commission adopts new exceptional support measures for the wine sector. Retrieved 21 January 2023 from https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/IP_20_1267
  • European Commission (2021). Excise Duty Tables Part I-Alcoholic Beverages https://ec.europa.eu/taxation_customs/system/files/2021-09/excise_duties-part_i_alcohol_en.pdf Access Date:13 July 2022
  • European Commission (2023a). Geographical indications and quality schemes explained. Retrieved 21 January 2023 from https://agriculture.ec.europa.eu/farming/geographical-indications-and-qualityschemes/geographical-indications-and-quality-schemes-explained_en
  • European Commission (2023b) Wine Trade Retrieved 4 June 2023 from https://agridata.ec.europa.eu/extensions/DashboardWine/WineTrade.html
  • Foguem-Kamsu, B., Flammang, A., & Foguem-Tchuente, G. (2015). Knowledge engineering approach for the analysis of viticulture. Ecological Informatics, 30, 72-81. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoinf.2015.09.004
  • Frost, W., Frost, J., Strickland, P., & Maguire, J. S. (2020). Seeking a competitive advantage in wine tourism: Heritage and storytelling at the cellar-door. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 87(102460), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2020.102460
  • Harutyunyan, M., & Ferreira-Malfeito, M. (2022). The rise of wine among ancient civilization across the Mediterranean basin. Heritage 5(2), 788-812. https://doi.org/10.3390/heritage5020043
  • International Organisation of Vine and Wine [OIV] (2021). State of the world vitivinicultural sector in 2020. Retrieved 26 January 2023 from https://www.oiv.int/public/medias/7909/oiv-state-of-the-world-vitivinicultural-sector-in-2020.pdf
  • Joy, A., Latour, A. K., Charters, S. J., Grohmann, B., & Peňa-Moreno, C. (2021). The artification of wine: Lessons from the fine wines of Bordeaux and Burgundy. Arts and Market, 11(1), 24-39. https://doi.org/10.1108/AAM-11-2020-0048
  • Karaoğlu D. K. (2007). Uluslararası Bağ ve Şarap Örgütü (OIV) ve AB üyeliği bağlamında Türk şarap sektörü: Potansiyel fırsatlar ve tehditler. Uluslararası Ekonomik Sorunlar Dergisi, XXVI.
  • Kaufman, L., & Rousseeuw, P. J. (1990). Finding Groups in Data: An Introduction to Cluster Analysis, Wiley, New York.
  • Ludington, C.C. (2018). Inventing grand cru claret: Irish wine merchants in eighteenth-century Bordeaux. Global Food History, 5(1-2), 25-44. https://doi.org/10.1080/20549547.2019.1554347
  • Ministry of Agriculture and Foresty (2022). Statistics of Ministry of Agriculture and Foresty. Retrieved 26 January 26 2023 from data.tuik.gov.tr/Kategori/GetKategori?p=tarim-111&dil=1
  • Olexová, C., Sudzina, F., & Cakoci, K. (2022). The Vat gap in relation to the quality of governance in selected CEE countries. Journal of Eastern European and Central Asian Research, 9(3), 385-399. https://doi.org/10.15549/jeecar.v9i3.791
  • Pérez-Móron, J. M. (2022). To tax or not to tax sin goods: That’s the question for emerging economies. ICBT: 2021: Innovation of Business and Digitalization during Covid-19 Pandemic (proceedings of the International Conference on Business and Technology (ICBT 2021), Lecture Notes in Networkers and Systems” book series, Editors: Bahaaeddin Alareeni, Allam Hamdan, 411-419.
  • Prieger, J., & Kullick, E. (2018). Cigarette taxes and illicit trade in Europe. Journal of Economic Inquiry, 56(3), 1706-1723. https://doi.org/10.1111/ecin.12564
  • Semerci, A., Kızıltuğ, T., Çelik, A., & Kiracı, M. (2015). Türkiye bağcılığının genel durumu. Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 20(2), 42-51.
  • Schulz, F. N., Richter, B., & Hant, J. H. (2022). Current developments in European alcohol policy: An analysis of possible impacts on the German vine industry. Open Access Beverages, 8(4), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.3390/beverages8040075.
  • Srivastava, P., Yang, O., & Zhao, X. (2022). Equal tax for equal alcohol? Beverage types and antisocial and unlawful behaviors. Economic Record, 98(323), 354-372. https://doi.org/10.1111/1475-4932.12704
  • T.C. Tarım ve Orman Bakanlığı Tütün ve Alkol Dairesi Başkanlığı (2023). Piyasa istatistikleri. Retrieved 4 June 2023 https://www.tarimorman.gov.tr/TADB/Menu/23/Alkol-Ve-Alkollu-Ickiler-Daire-Baskanligi
  • Xie X.L., & Beni, G. (1991). A validity measure for fuzzy clustering. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence. 13, 841-847. https://doi.org/10.1109/34.85677
There are 27 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Law and Economy
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Ayşe Nil Tosun 0000-0001-5161-1037

Ayfer Ezgi Yılmaz 0000-0002-6214-8014

Publication Date July 31, 2023
Submission Date January 24, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 41 Issue: Tarım Özel Sayısı

Cite

APA Tosun, A. N., & Yılmaz, A. E. (2023). AN ANALYSIS OF SOME SELECTED ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL FACTORS AFFECTING WINE SECTOR: A FUZZY CLUSTERING ANALYSIS. Hacettepe Üniversitesi İktisadi Ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 41(Tarım Özel Sayısı), 111-123. https://doi.org/10.17065/huniibf.1241681
AMA Tosun AN, Yılmaz AE. AN ANALYSIS OF SOME SELECTED ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL FACTORS AFFECTING WINE SECTOR: A FUZZY CLUSTERING ANALYSIS. Hacettepe Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi. July 2023;41(Tarım Özel Sayısı):111-123. doi:10.17065/huniibf.1241681
Chicago Tosun, Ayşe Nil, and Ayfer Ezgi Yılmaz. “AN ANALYSIS OF SOME SELECTED ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL FACTORS AFFECTING WINE SECTOR: A FUZZY CLUSTERING ANALYSIS”. Hacettepe Üniversitesi İktisadi Ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi 41, no. Tarım Özel Sayısı (July 2023): 111-23. https://doi.org/10.17065/huniibf.1241681.
EndNote Tosun AN, Yılmaz AE (July 1, 2023) AN ANALYSIS OF SOME SELECTED ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL FACTORS AFFECTING WINE SECTOR: A FUZZY CLUSTERING ANALYSIS. Hacettepe Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi 41 Tarım Özel Sayısı 111–123.
IEEE A. N. Tosun and A. E. Yılmaz, “AN ANALYSIS OF SOME SELECTED ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL FACTORS AFFECTING WINE SECTOR: A FUZZY CLUSTERING ANALYSIS”, Hacettepe Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 41, no. Tarım Özel Sayısı, pp. 111–123, 2023, doi: 10.17065/huniibf.1241681.
ISNAD Tosun, Ayşe Nil - Yılmaz, Ayfer Ezgi. “AN ANALYSIS OF SOME SELECTED ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL FACTORS AFFECTING WINE SECTOR: A FUZZY CLUSTERING ANALYSIS”. Hacettepe Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi 41/Tarım Özel Sayısı (July 2023), 111-123. https://doi.org/10.17065/huniibf.1241681.
JAMA Tosun AN, Yılmaz AE. AN ANALYSIS OF SOME SELECTED ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL FACTORS AFFECTING WINE SECTOR: A FUZZY CLUSTERING ANALYSIS. Hacettepe Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi. 2023;41:111–123.
MLA Tosun, Ayşe Nil and Ayfer Ezgi Yılmaz. “AN ANALYSIS OF SOME SELECTED ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL FACTORS AFFECTING WINE SECTOR: A FUZZY CLUSTERING ANALYSIS”. Hacettepe Üniversitesi İktisadi Ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 41, no. Tarım Özel Sayısı, 2023, pp. 111-23, doi:10.17065/huniibf.1241681.
Vancouver Tosun AN, Yılmaz AE. AN ANALYSIS OF SOME SELECTED ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL FACTORS AFFECTING WINE SECTOR: A FUZZY CLUSTERING ANALYSIS. Hacettepe Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi. 2023;41(Tarım Özel Sayısı):111-23.

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