Epigallocatechin Gallate (EGCG) ve Yeşil Çay (Camellia Sinensis) Yağının Çeşitli Patojenler Üzerinde İn Vitro Antimikrobiyal Etkinliğinin Değerlendirilmesi
Abstract
Amaç: Bu çalışma, Camellia sinensis çayındaki kateşinlerin polifenolik bileşeni olan Epigallokateşin gallat (EGCG) ile Camellia sinensis ekstraktının geniş bir antimikrobiyal aktiviteye sahip olduğunu incelemektedir.
Metod: Çalışma, Amerikan Tip Kültür Koleksiyonu'ndan (ATCC) seçilen bazı gram-negatif, gram-pozitif ve mantar izolatlarına karşı EGCG ve Camellia sinensis ekstraktının invitro antibakteriyel ve antifungal aktivitesini test etmiştir. Her test mikroorganizması için Epigallokateşin gallat (EGCG) ve Camellia sinensis ekstraktının minimum inhibisyon konsantrasyonu (MIC) belirlenmiştir. Genel olarak, EGCG ve Camellia sinensis ekstraktı sonuçları uyumlu bulunmuştur. Epigallokateşin gallat ve Camellia sinensis ekstraktı, tüm test organizmalarına karşı antibakteriyel ve antifungal aktivite sergilemiştir. MIC değerleri, Klinik ve Laboratuvar Standartları Enstitüsü (CLSI) tarafından önerilen çanak mikrodilüsyon yöntemleriyle, 37°C'de 16-20 saat inkübasyon sonrasında görsel olarak belirlenmiştir. Sonuç: Gram-pozitif bakteriler için Camellia sinensis ekstraktı ve EGCG MIC değerleri, gram-negatif bakterilere göre daha düşük bulunmuştur ve C. albicans için Camellia sinensis ekstraktı MIC değeri, EGCG MIC değerinden daha yüksek bulunmuştur.
Tartışma: Ancak, EGCG, C. albicans izolatı üzerinde Camellia sinensis ekstraktından daha etkili bulunmuştur. Camellia sinensis ekstraktı ve Epigallokateşin gallat, antibakteriyel ve antifungal etkileri için ileri çalışmalar için umut vadeden kaynaklar olabilir.
Keywords
Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) Yeşil çay Camellia sinensis Antibakteriyal etki Antifungal etki.
Supporting Institution
No funding was received by the author.
Thanks
Bu çalışmada destek ve emeklerini esirgemeyen KMÜ Tıp Fakültesi Tıbbi Farmakoloji AD. Başkanı Prof. Dr. Harun Alp hocama teşekkür ederiz.
References
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- Collaborators AR. Global burden of bacterial antimicrobial resistance in 2019: a systematic analysis. Lancet (London, England). 2022;399(10325):629-55.
- Indu Mathur SS, Kavya Gandrakota, Krishnavilasom Jayakumari Nisha. Comparative Evaluation of Antifungal Activity of Green Coffee and Green Tea Extract against Candida albicans: An In Vitro Study. World Journal of Dentistry. 2021;2:265-70.
- Xie Y, Chen J, Xiao A, Liu L. Antibacterial Activity of Polyphenols: Structure-Activity Relationship and Influence of Hyperglycemic Condition. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland). 2017;22(11).
- Taylor PW, Hamilton-Miller JM, Stapleton PD. Antimicrobial properties of green tea catechins. Food science and technology bulletin. 2005;2:71-81.
- Parvez MAK, Saha K, Rahman J, Munmun RA, Rahman MA, Dey SK, et al. Antibacterial activities of green tea crude extracts and synergistic effects of epigallocatechingallate (EGCG) with gentamicin against MDR pathogens. Heliyon. 2019;5(7):e02126.
- Zhang Z, Zhang X, Bi K, He Y, Yan W, Yang CS, et al. Potential protective mechanisms of green tea polyphenol EGCG against COVID-19. Trends in food science & technology. 2021;114:11-24.
- Rietveld A, Wiseman S. Antioxidant effects of tea: evidence from human clinical trials. The Journal of nutrition. 2003;133(10):3285s-92s.
- Daglia M. Polyphenols as antimicrobial agents. Current opinion in biotechnology. 2012;23(2):174-81.
- Zhang Q, Zhang J, Zhang J, Xu D, Li Y, Liu Y, et al. Antimicrobial Effect of Tea Polyphenols against Foodborne Pathogens: A Review. Journal of food protection. 2021;84(10):1801-8.
- Steinmann J, Buer J, Pietschmann T, Steinmann E. Anti-infective properties of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), a component of green tea. British journal of pharmacology. 2013;168(5):1059-73.
- Renzetti A, Betts JW, Fukumoto K, Rutherford RN. Antibacterial green tea catechins from a molecular perspective: mechanisms of action and structure-activity relationships. Food & function. 2020;11(11):9370-96.
- Hengge R. Targeting Bacterial Biofilms by the Green Tea Polyphenol EGCG. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland). 2019;24(13).
- Jeon J, Kim JH, Lee CK, Oh CH, Song HJ. The Antimicrobial Activity of (-)-Epigallocatehin-3-Gallate and Green Tea Extracts against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli Isolated from Skin Wounds. Annals of dermatology. 2014;26(5):564-9.
- Yoda Y, Hu ZQ, Zhao WH, Shimamura T. Different susceptibilities of Staphylococcus and Gram-negative rods to epigallocatechin gallate. Journal of infection and chemotherapy : official journal of the Japan Society of Chemotherapy. 2004;10(1):55-8.
- Vidigal PG, Müsken M, Becker KA, Häussler S, Wingender J, Steinmann E, et al. Effects of green tea compound epigallocatechin-3-gallate against Stenotrophomonas maltophilia infection and biofilm. PloS one. 2014;9(4):e92876.
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- Betts JW, Hornsey M, Wareham DW, La Ragione RM. In vitro and In vivo Activity of Theaflavin-Epicatechin Combinations versus Multidrug-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii. Infectious diseases and therapy. 2017;6(3):435-42.
- Hu ZQ, Zhao WH, Yoda Y, Asano N, Hara Y, Shimamura T. Additive, indifferent and antagonistic effects in combinations of epigallocatechin gallate with 12 non-beta-lactam antibiotics against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy. 2002;50(6):1051-4.
- Hancı H. CMV, Uyanık M. H., Sezen S., İgan H. In vitro Antifungal Activities of Fluconazole, Camellia sinensis and Cydonia oblonga Leaf Extracts Against Candida Species Isolated from Blood Cultures. Bezmialem Science. 2019;7:107-12.
- Zhao WH, Hu ZQ, Okubo S, Hara Y, Shimamura T. Mechanism of synergy between epigallocatechin gallate and beta-lactams against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy. 2001;45(6):1737-42.
- Isogai E, Isogai H, Hirose K, Hayashi S, Oguma K. In vivo synergy between green tea extract and levofloxacin against enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157 infection. Current microbiology. 2001;42(4):248-51.
- Lee YS, Han CH, Kang SH, Lee SJ, Kim SW, Shin OR, et al. Synergistic effect between catechin and ciprofloxacin on chronic bacterial prostatitis rat model. International journal of urology : official journal of the Japanese Urological Association. 2005;12(4):383-9.
- Hirasawa M, Takada K. Multiple effects of green tea catechin on the antifungal activity of antimycotics against Candida albicans. The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy. 2004;53(2):225-9.
- Gao T, Ye F, Tan Y, Peng M, Yuan F, Liu Z, et al. Metabolomics and proteomics analyses revealed mechanistic insights on the antimicrobial activity of epigallocatechin gallate against Streptococcus suis. Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology. 2022;12:973282.
- Liu J, Bodnar BH, Meng F, Khan AI, Wang X, Saribas S, et al. Epigallocatechin gallate from green tea effectively blocks infection of SARS-CoV-2 and new variants by inhibiting spike binding to ACE2 receptor. Cell & bioscience. 2021;11(1):168.
- Pavlik P, Jost P, Rehulka P, Vozandychova V, Link M, Spidlova P. Epigallocatechin gallate inhibits Francisella tularensis growth and suppresses the function of DNA-binding protein HU. Microbial pathogenesis. 2023;176:105999.
- Shahid F, Noreen, Ali R, Badshah SL, Jamal SB, Ullah R, et al. Identification of Potential HCV Inhibitors Based on the Interaction of Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate with Viral Envelope Proteins. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland). 2021;26(5).
- Sheng J, Shi W, Guo H, Long W, Wang Y, Qi J, et al. The Inhibitory Effect of (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate on Breast Cancer Progression via Reducing SCUBE2 Methylation and DNMT Activity. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland). 2019;24(16).
Evaluation of In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity of Epigallocatechin Gallate (EGCG) and Green Tea (Camellia Sinensis) Oil on Various Pathogens
Abstract
Aim: EGCG, the polyphenolic component of Camellia sinesis catechins, and Camellia sinesis extract have broad antimicrobial activity. To investigate the invitro antibacterial and antifungal activity of the Epigallocatechin gallate and Camellia sinesis extract.
Method: The present study tested the antibacterial and antifungal activity of Epigallocatechin gallate and Camellia sinesis extract against some gram-negative, gram-positive, and fungal isolates of American Type Culture Collection (ATCC). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and Camellia sinensis extract were determined for each test microorganism. In general, EGCG and Camellia sinensis extract results were found to be compatible. Epigallocatechin gallate and Camellia sinesis extract exhibited antibacterial and antifungal activity against all test organisms. MIC was determined visually after 16-20 hours of incubation at 37°C according to broth microdilution methods recommended by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI).
Result: The Camellia sinesis extract and EGCG MIC for gram-positive bacteria was found to be lower than the MIC for gram-negative bacteria and the Camellia sinesis extract MIC for C. albicans was found to be higher than the EGCG MIC.
Conclusions: However, EGCG was found to be more effective on C. albicans isolate than Camellia sinensis extract. Camellia sinesis extract Epigallocatechin gallate and Camellia sinesis extract may be a promising sources of antibacterial and antifungal for further studies.
Keywords
Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) Green tea Camellia sinensis Antibacterial effect Antifungal effect.
References
- Peters L, Olson L, Khu DTK, Linnros S, Le NK, Hanberger H, et al. Multiple antibiotic resistance as a risk factor for mortality and prolonged hospital stay: A cohort study among neonatal intensive care patients with hospital-acquired infections caused by gram-negative bacteria in Vietnam. PloS one. 2019;14(5):e0215666.
- Collaborators AR. Global burden of bacterial antimicrobial resistance in 2019: a systematic analysis. Lancet (London, England). 2022;399(10325):629-55.
- Indu Mathur SS, Kavya Gandrakota, Krishnavilasom Jayakumari Nisha. Comparative Evaluation of Antifungal Activity of Green Coffee and Green Tea Extract against Candida albicans: An In Vitro Study. World Journal of Dentistry. 2021;2:265-70.
- Xie Y, Chen J, Xiao A, Liu L. Antibacterial Activity of Polyphenols: Structure-Activity Relationship and Influence of Hyperglycemic Condition. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland). 2017;22(11).
- Taylor PW, Hamilton-Miller JM, Stapleton PD. Antimicrobial properties of green tea catechins. Food science and technology bulletin. 2005;2:71-81.
- Parvez MAK, Saha K, Rahman J, Munmun RA, Rahman MA, Dey SK, et al. Antibacterial activities of green tea crude extracts and synergistic effects of epigallocatechingallate (EGCG) with gentamicin against MDR pathogens. Heliyon. 2019;5(7):e02126.
- Zhang Z, Zhang X, Bi K, He Y, Yan W, Yang CS, et al. Potential protective mechanisms of green tea polyphenol EGCG against COVID-19. Trends in food science & technology. 2021;114:11-24.
- Rietveld A, Wiseman S. Antioxidant effects of tea: evidence from human clinical trials. The Journal of nutrition. 2003;133(10):3285s-92s.
- Daglia M. Polyphenols as antimicrobial agents. Current opinion in biotechnology. 2012;23(2):174-81.
- Zhang Q, Zhang J, Zhang J, Xu D, Li Y, Liu Y, et al. Antimicrobial Effect of Tea Polyphenols against Foodborne Pathogens: A Review. Journal of food protection. 2021;84(10):1801-8.
- Steinmann J, Buer J, Pietschmann T, Steinmann E. Anti-infective properties of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), a component of green tea. British journal of pharmacology. 2013;168(5):1059-73.
- Renzetti A, Betts JW, Fukumoto K, Rutherford RN. Antibacterial green tea catechins from a molecular perspective: mechanisms of action and structure-activity relationships. Food & function. 2020;11(11):9370-96.
- Hengge R. Targeting Bacterial Biofilms by the Green Tea Polyphenol EGCG. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland). 2019;24(13).
- Jeon J, Kim JH, Lee CK, Oh CH, Song HJ. The Antimicrobial Activity of (-)-Epigallocatehin-3-Gallate and Green Tea Extracts against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli Isolated from Skin Wounds. Annals of dermatology. 2014;26(5):564-9.
- Yoda Y, Hu ZQ, Zhao WH, Shimamura T. Different susceptibilities of Staphylococcus and Gram-negative rods to epigallocatechin gallate. Journal of infection and chemotherapy : official journal of the Japan Society of Chemotherapy. 2004;10(1):55-8.
- Vidigal PG, Müsken M, Becker KA, Häussler S, Wingender J, Steinmann E, et al. Effects of green tea compound epigallocatechin-3-gallate against Stenotrophomonas maltophilia infection and biofilm. PloS one. 2014;9(4):e92876.
- Okubo S, Toda M, Hara Y, Shimamura T. [Antifungal and fungicidal activities of tea extract and catechin against Trichophyton]. Nihon saikingaku zasshi Japanese journal of bacteriology. 1991;46(2):509-14.
- Betts JW, Hornsey M, Wareham DW, La Ragione RM. In vitro and In vivo Activity of Theaflavin-Epicatechin Combinations versus Multidrug-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii. Infectious diseases and therapy. 2017;6(3):435-42.
- Hu ZQ, Zhao WH, Yoda Y, Asano N, Hara Y, Shimamura T. Additive, indifferent and antagonistic effects in combinations of epigallocatechin gallate with 12 non-beta-lactam antibiotics against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy. 2002;50(6):1051-4.
- Hancı H. CMV, Uyanık M. H., Sezen S., İgan H. In vitro Antifungal Activities of Fluconazole, Camellia sinensis and Cydonia oblonga Leaf Extracts Against Candida Species Isolated from Blood Cultures. Bezmialem Science. 2019;7:107-12.
- Zhao WH, Hu ZQ, Okubo S, Hara Y, Shimamura T. Mechanism of synergy between epigallocatechin gallate and beta-lactams against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy. 2001;45(6):1737-42.
- Isogai E, Isogai H, Hirose K, Hayashi S, Oguma K. In vivo synergy between green tea extract and levofloxacin against enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157 infection. Current microbiology. 2001;42(4):248-51.
- Lee YS, Han CH, Kang SH, Lee SJ, Kim SW, Shin OR, et al. Synergistic effect between catechin and ciprofloxacin on chronic bacterial prostatitis rat model. International journal of urology : official journal of the Japanese Urological Association. 2005;12(4):383-9.
- Hirasawa M, Takada K. Multiple effects of green tea catechin on the antifungal activity of antimycotics against Candida albicans. The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy. 2004;53(2):225-9.
- Gao T, Ye F, Tan Y, Peng M, Yuan F, Liu Z, et al. Metabolomics and proteomics analyses revealed mechanistic insights on the antimicrobial activity of epigallocatechin gallate against Streptococcus suis. Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology. 2022;12:973282.
- Liu J, Bodnar BH, Meng F, Khan AI, Wang X, Saribas S, et al. Epigallocatechin gallate from green tea effectively blocks infection of SARS-CoV-2 and new variants by inhibiting spike binding to ACE2 receptor. Cell & bioscience. 2021;11(1):168.
- Pavlik P, Jost P, Rehulka P, Vozandychova V, Link M, Spidlova P. Epigallocatechin gallate inhibits Francisella tularensis growth and suppresses the function of DNA-binding protein HU. Microbial pathogenesis. 2023;176:105999.
- Shahid F, Noreen, Ali R, Badshah SL, Jamal SB, Ullah R, et al. Identification of Potential HCV Inhibitors Based on the Interaction of Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate with Viral Envelope Proteins. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland). 2021;26(5).
- Sheng J, Shi W, Guo H, Long W, Wang Y, Qi J, et al. The Inhibitory Effect of (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate on Breast Cancer Progression via Reducing SCUBE2 Methylation and DNMT Activity. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland). 2019;24(16).
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Clinical Microbiology |
| Journal Section | Original Article |
| Authors | |
| Early Pub Date | February 26, 2024 |
| Publication Date | February 29, 2024 |
| Submission Date | July 26, 2023 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2024 Volume: 34 Issue: 1 |
Journal of General Medicine is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY NC).