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Bazı Şeker Pancarı (Beta vulgaris ssp. vulgaris) Genotiplerinin Embriyo Kültürü Kullanılarak in vitro Koşullarda Çoğaltım Olanakları

Year 2023, Volume: 6 Issue: 2, 1 - 6, 01.12.2023
https://doi.org/10.55257/ethabd.1252195

Abstract

Şeker pancarı Amaranthaceae familyasına ait bienal bitkiler sınıfındadır. 1800’lü yıllardan itibaren ıslahına başlanan şeker pancarı günümüzde %18-20 şeker içeriğiyle dünya şeker üretimini %30’unu sağlamaktadır. Klasik ıslah çalışmalarının yanında biyoteknolojik yöntemlerin de çalışılmasıyla ıslah çalışmaları hız kazanmıştır. Bu yöntemlerden biri olan embriyo kültürü ile şeker pancarı ıslahı çalışmalarında sürenin kısaltılması başta olmak üzere birçok konuda fayda oluşturmaktadır. Bu çalışmada 8 farklı genotipten toplanan 5, 10 ve 20 günlük embriyolar 8 farklı ortam içerisinde kültüre alınarak embriyo kültürü yapılmıştır. Gözlem olarak en iyi rejenerasyon sağlayan genotipin KSET-2, ortamın ise 20 mg/l Sükroz, 8 g/l Agar içeriği ile H1 ortamı olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ancak istatistiksel olarak veriler incelendiğinde genotipin ve ortamın önemli olmadığı, dölleme gününü p<0.05 düzeyinde önemli çıktığı tespit edilmiştir. Yapılan LSD testinde ise en iyi rejenerasyonun 20 günlük embriyolardan gerçekleştiği belirlenmiştir. Rejenere olan embriyoların köklendirilip sera içerisine aktarılmasıyla ve vernalize edilmesiyle birlikte iki yıllık bitki gelişim sürecinin bir yıla indirile bilineceği görülmüştür. Bu da bienal bitkilerde önemli bir zaman kazancı olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Bitki ıslahı çalışmalarında embriyo kültürü ile ıslah sürecinin kısaltılması, çimlenme bariyerinin aşılması, embriyo kurtarma işlemleriyle ıslah materyallerinin kaybolmasının engellenmesi ve embriyo üzerinde CRISPR Cas9 gibi gen düzenleme araçlarıyla yapılacak çalışmaların başarıya ulaşacağı ön görülmektedir.

References

  • Aliyu, O. M.,&Awopetu, J. A. (2005). In vitro regeneration of hybridplantlets of cashew (Anacardium occidentale l) through embryo culture. African journal of Biotechnology, 4(6), 548-553.
  • Arzani, A.,&Mirodjagh, S. S. 1999. Response of durum wheat cultivars to immature embryo culture, callus in duction and in vitro salt stress. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture, 58, 67-72.
  • Aydin, M., Tosun, M., &Haliloglu, K. (2011). Plant regeneration in wheat mature embryo culture. African Journal of Biotechnology, 10(70), 15749-15755.
  • Bridgen, M. P. (1994). A review of plant embryo culture. Hort Science, 29(11), 1243-1246.
  • Cheng, F.,&Aoki, N. (2008). Crosses of Chinese and Japanese treepeony and a primary study on in vitro culture of hybrid embryos. ActaHorticulturae, 766, 367.
  • Clarke, H. J., Wilson, J. G., Kuo, I., Lülsdorf, M. M., Mallikarjuna, N., Kuo, J., &Siddique, K. H. M. (2006). Embryo rescue and plant regeneration in vitro of selfed chickpea (Cicerarietinum L.) and its wild annual relatives. Plantcell, tissueand organ culture, 85, 197-204.
  • Dağüstü, N. (2008). Comparison of callus formation and plantlet regeneration capacity from immature embryo culture of wheat (Triticumaestivum L.) genotypes. Biotechnology&BiotechnologicalEquipment, 22(3), 778-781.
  • Dunwell, J. M. (1986). Pollen, ovule and embryo culture, as tools in plant breeding. Plant tissue culture and its agricultural applications, 375-404.
  • Hanning, E. 1904. Zur Physiologic pfianzenlicher Embryonen. I. Ober die Kultur yon Cruciferen-Embryonen ausser-halb des Embryosacks. Bot. Zeit. 62: 45-80.
  • McGrath, J. M.,&Panella, L. (2018). Sugar beet breeding. Plant breeding reviews, 42, 167-218. Laibach, F. 1925. Das Taubwerden von Bastardsamen und die künstliche Aufzucht früh absterbender Bastardembryonen. Z. Bot. 17:417–459.
  • Pazuki, A.,Aflaki, F., Gürel, S., Ergül, A., & Gürel, E. (2018). Production of doubled haploids in sugarbeet (Beta vulgaris): an efficientmethodby a multivariate experiment. Plant Cell, Tissueand Organ Culture (PCTOC), 132, 85-97.
  • Promchot, S.,&Boonprakob, U. (2007). Replacing agar with vermiculite, coconut fiber and charcoal rice husk in culture media for embryo rescue of immature nectarines seeds. Thai Journal of Agricultural Science, 40(3-4), 167-173.
  • Sharma, D. R.,Kaur, R., & Kumar, K. (1996). Embryo rescue in plants—a review. Euphytica, 89, 325-337. Tazeb, A. (2017). Plant tissue culture technique as a novel tool in plant breeding: A review article. EnvironSci [Internet], 17(2), 111-8.
  • Uma, S.,Lakshmi, S., Saraswathi, M. S., Akbar, A., &Mustaffa, M. M. (2011). Embryo rescue and plant regeneration in banana (Musa spp.). Plant Cell, Tissueand Organ Culture (PCTOC), 105, 105-111.
  • Varshney, A.,& Johnson, T. S. (2010). Efficient plant regeneration from immature embryo cultures of Jatrophacurcas, a biodiesel plant. Plant Biotechnology Reports, 4, 139-148.
  • Xue, J.,Li, Z., Hao, W., Wang, X., Fan, G., Yu, L., &Geng, G. (2022). Effects of SoilCovering on Growthand Physio-Biochemical Indices of Sugar Beet Seedlings Under Short-TermLow-Temperature Stress. SugarTech, 24(5), 1530-1539.

Propagation Possibilities of Some Sugar Beet (Beta vulgaris ssp. vulgaris) Genotypes in vitro Conditions Using Embryo Culture

Year 2023, Volume: 6 Issue: 2, 1 - 6, 01.12.2023
https://doi.org/10.55257/ethabd.1252195

Abstract

Sugar beet is in the class of biennial plants belonging to the Amaranthaceae family. Sugar beet, which has been started to be improved since the 1800s, provides 30% of the world sugar production with 18-20% sugar content today. In addition to classical breeding studies, breeding studies have accelerated with the study of biotechnological methods. Embryo culture, which is one of these methods, provides benefits in many aspects, especially shortening the time in sugar beet breeding studies. In this study, 5, 10 and 20-day embryos collected from 8 different genotypes were cultured in 8 different media and embryo culture was performed. As an observation, it was determined that the genotype providing the best regeneration was KSET-2, and the medium was H1 medium with 20 mg/l Sucrose, 8 g/l Agar content. However, when the data were analyzed statistically, it was determined that the genotype and the environment were not important, and the day of fertilization was significant at the p<0.05 level. In the LSD test, it was determined that the best regeneration occurred from 20-day-old embryos. It has been discussed that the two-year plant development period can be reduced to one year by rooting the regenerated embryos, transferring them into the greenhouse and vernalizing them. This is an important time saver in biennial plants. In plant breeding studies, shortening the breeding process with embryo culture, overcoming the germination barrier, preventing the loss of breeding materials with embryo recovery processes, and studies on the embryo with gene editing tools such as CRISPR Cas9 are predicted to be successful.

References

  • Aliyu, O. M.,&Awopetu, J. A. (2005). In vitro regeneration of hybridplantlets of cashew (Anacardium occidentale l) through embryo culture. African journal of Biotechnology, 4(6), 548-553.
  • Arzani, A.,&Mirodjagh, S. S. 1999. Response of durum wheat cultivars to immature embryo culture, callus in duction and in vitro salt stress. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture, 58, 67-72.
  • Aydin, M., Tosun, M., &Haliloglu, K. (2011). Plant regeneration in wheat mature embryo culture. African Journal of Biotechnology, 10(70), 15749-15755.
  • Bridgen, M. P. (1994). A review of plant embryo culture. Hort Science, 29(11), 1243-1246.
  • Cheng, F.,&Aoki, N. (2008). Crosses of Chinese and Japanese treepeony and a primary study on in vitro culture of hybrid embryos. ActaHorticulturae, 766, 367.
  • Clarke, H. J., Wilson, J. G., Kuo, I., Lülsdorf, M. M., Mallikarjuna, N., Kuo, J., &Siddique, K. H. M. (2006). Embryo rescue and plant regeneration in vitro of selfed chickpea (Cicerarietinum L.) and its wild annual relatives. Plantcell, tissueand organ culture, 85, 197-204.
  • Dağüstü, N. (2008). Comparison of callus formation and plantlet regeneration capacity from immature embryo culture of wheat (Triticumaestivum L.) genotypes. Biotechnology&BiotechnologicalEquipment, 22(3), 778-781.
  • Dunwell, J. M. (1986). Pollen, ovule and embryo culture, as tools in plant breeding. Plant tissue culture and its agricultural applications, 375-404.
  • Hanning, E. 1904. Zur Physiologic pfianzenlicher Embryonen. I. Ober die Kultur yon Cruciferen-Embryonen ausser-halb des Embryosacks. Bot. Zeit. 62: 45-80.
  • McGrath, J. M.,&Panella, L. (2018). Sugar beet breeding. Plant breeding reviews, 42, 167-218. Laibach, F. 1925. Das Taubwerden von Bastardsamen und die künstliche Aufzucht früh absterbender Bastardembryonen. Z. Bot. 17:417–459.
  • Pazuki, A.,Aflaki, F., Gürel, S., Ergül, A., & Gürel, E. (2018). Production of doubled haploids in sugarbeet (Beta vulgaris): an efficientmethodby a multivariate experiment. Plant Cell, Tissueand Organ Culture (PCTOC), 132, 85-97.
  • Promchot, S.,&Boonprakob, U. (2007). Replacing agar with vermiculite, coconut fiber and charcoal rice husk in culture media for embryo rescue of immature nectarines seeds. Thai Journal of Agricultural Science, 40(3-4), 167-173.
  • Sharma, D. R.,Kaur, R., & Kumar, K. (1996). Embryo rescue in plants—a review. Euphytica, 89, 325-337. Tazeb, A. (2017). Plant tissue culture technique as a novel tool in plant breeding: A review article. EnvironSci [Internet], 17(2), 111-8.
  • Uma, S.,Lakshmi, S., Saraswathi, M. S., Akbar, A., &Mustaffa, M. M. (2011). Embryo rescue and plant regeneration in banana (Musa spp.). Plant Cell, Tissueand Organ Culture (PCTOC), 105, 105-111.
  • Varshney, A.,& Johnson, T. S. (2010). Efficient plant regeneration from immature embryo cultures of Jatrophacurcas, a biodiesel plant. Plant Biotechnology Reports, 4, 139-148.
  • Xue, J.,Li, Z., Hao, W., Wang, X., Fan, G., Yu, L., &Geng, G. (2022). Effects of SoilCovering on Growthand Physio-Biochemical Indices of Sugar Beet Seedlings Under Short-TermLow-Temperature Stress. SugarTech, 24(5), 1530-1539.
There are 16 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Agricultural Engineering
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Büşra Aksakal 0000-0002-6875-5958

Fatma Şimşek 0000-0002-3052-1195

Anıl Mehmet Baltacı 0000-0003-1890-131X

Early Pub Date August 23, 2023
Publication Date December 1, 2023
Acceptance Date May 9, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 6 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Aksakal, B., Şimşek, F., & Baltacı, A. M. (2023). Bazı Şeker Pancarı (Beta vulgaris ssp. vulgaris) Genotiplerinin Embriyo Kültürü Kullanılarak in vitro Koşullarda Çoğaltım Olanakları. Erciyes Tarım Ve Hayvan Bilimleri Dergisi, 6(2), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.55257/ethabd.1252195