Review Article
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Review of an up-to-date, emphatic, and concise perspective on e-cigarettes

Year 2024, Volume: 3 Issue: 1, 31 - 43, 30.04.2024
https://doi.org/10.55971/EJLS.1368313

Abstract

Electronic cigarettes entered the market in 2007 as an alternative to conventional tobacco products, and their use has increased significantly worldwide. Due to the emergence of various harmful effects and attracting attention, their sale was banned in our country and many other countries. However, according to the research, the use of e-cigarettes is increasing rapidly in the world and in Türkiye, and the rate of use at young ages is quite high especially. Its supply can be easily made through online sales on many websites. Despite this growing popularity, little is known about the potential effects of e-cigarettes on human health. This is particularly important in the presence of flavoring compounds, solvents, additives, and other ingredients that are added intentionally or unintentionally and whose long-term effects are uncertain. This is because every day a new product with new ingredients, flavors, and properties is introduced to the market. Previous studies have focused on measuring known toxicants, particularly those found in traditional cigarettes, while fewer have investigated unknown compounds and transformation products formed during the e-cigarette process in these diverse and ever-evolving products. It seems that the e-cigarette market is growing and developing rapidly in our country, as in the whole world, and product sales continue to increase despite all kinds of bans. However, when we look at the literature, the research conducted is insufficient, as mentioned above, and there are points that need to be further emphasized.

References

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Year 2024, Volume: 3 Issue: 1, 31 - 43, 30.04.2024
https://doi.org/10.55971/EJLS.1368313

Abstract

References

  • Gilbert HA. Smokeless non-tobacco cigarette. Google Patents; 1965.
  • Marques P, Piqueras L, Sanz MJ. An updated overview of e-cigarette impact on human health. Respir Res. (2021);22(1):151. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12931-021-01737-5
  • Bertholon JF, Becquemin MH, Annesi-Maesano I, Dautzenberg B. Electronic cigarettes: a short review. Respiration. (2013);86(5):433-8. https://doi.org/10.1159/000353253
  • Hutzler C, Paschke M, Kruschinski S, Henkler F, Hahn J, Luch A. Chemical hazards present in liquids and vapors of electronic cigarettes. Arch Toxicol. (2014);88(7):1295-308. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00204-014-1294-7
  • Gordon T, Karey E, Rebuli ME, Escobar YH, Jaspers I, Chen LC. E-Cigarette Toxicology. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol. (2022);62:301-22. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-042921-084202
  • Prochaska JJ, Vogel EA, Benowitz N. Nicotine delivery and cigarette equivalents from vaping a JUULpod. Tob Control. (2022);31(e1):e88-e93. https://doi.org/10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2020-056367
  • Mendez D, Warner KE. A Magic Bullet? The potential impact of e-cigarettes on the toll of cigarette smoking. Nicotine Tob Res. (2021);23(4):654-61. https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntaa160
  • Patil S, Arakeri G, Patil S, Ali Baeshen H, Raj T, Sarode SC, et al. Are electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDs) helping cigarette smokers quit?-Current evidence. J Oral Pathol Med. (2020);49(3):181-9. https://doi.org/10.1111/jop.12966
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  • Mehra VM, Keethakumar A, Bohr YM, Abdullah P, Tamim H. The association between alcohol, marijuana, illegal drug use and current use of E-cigarette among youth and young adults in Canada: results from Canadian Tobacco, Alcohol and Drugs Survey 2017. BMC Public Health. (2019);19(1):1208. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-019-7546-y
  • Dai L, He Y, Tan Y, Yu Z, Zhu J. Online e-cigarette information exposure and its association with e-cigarette use among adolescents in Shanghai, China. Int J Environ Res Public Health. (2022);19(6):3329. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19063329
  • Jerzynski T, Stimson GV, Shapiro H, Krol G. Estimation of the global number of e-cigarette users in 2020. Harm Reduct J. (2021);18(1):109. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12954-021-00556-7
  • Öztaş D. Üniversite Öğrencilerinin e-sigara kullanım düzeyleri ve e-sigara kullanımına ilişkin görüşleri. 2020.
  • Atlam D, Kaylı DS, Yararbas G. Elektronik sigara kullanımına yönelik tutum ve kullanım özellikleri: İzmir örneklemi. Bağımlılık Dergisi. (2020);21(4):297-307.
  • GYTR (KGTA-2017). Ministry of health public health general directorate for combating. In: Abuse DoTaS, editor.: Ankara: General Directorate of Public Health; 2017.
  • Kurtuluş Ş, Can R. Use of e-cigarettes and tobacco products among youth in Turkey. Euras J Med. (2022);54(2):127.
  • Behar RZ, Luo W, McWhirter KJ, Pankow JF, Talbot P. Analytical and toxicological evaluation of flavor chemicals in electronic cigarette refill fluids. Sci Rep. (2018);8(1):8288. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-25575-6
  • Dagla I, Gikas E, Tsarbopoulos A. Two fast GC-MS methods for the measurement of nicotine, propylene glycol, vegetable glycol, ethylmaltol, diacetyl, and acetylpropionyl in refill liquids for e-cigarettes. Molecules. (2023);28(4):1902. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28041902
  • Klager S, Vallarino J, MacNaughton P, Christiani DC, Lu Q, Allen JG. Flavoring chemicals and aldehydes in e-cigarette emissions. Environ Sci Technol. (2017);51(18):10806-13. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.7b02205
  • Ahmad S, Sassano MF, Tarran R. Loose ENDs: Electronic nicotine delivery systems and the FDA’s recent enforcement policy. Eur Med J Respir. (2020);8(1):93-6.
  • Wasowicz A, Feleszko W, Goniewicz ML. E-Cigarette use among children and young people: the need for regulation. Taylor & Francis; 2015. p. 507-9.
  • Greene RM, Pisano MM. Developmental toxicity of e-cigarette aerosols. Birth Defects Res. (2019);111(17):1294-301. https://doi.org/10.1002/bdr2.1571
  • Son Y, Giovenco DP, Delnevo C, Khlystov A, Samburova V, Meng Q. Indoor air quality and passive e-cigarette aerosol exposures in vape-shops. Nicotine Tob Res. (2020);22(10):1772-9. https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntaa094
  • Shearston J, Lee L, Eazor J, Meherally S, Park SH, Vilcassim MR, et al. Effects of exposure to direct and secondhand hookah and e-cigarette aerosols on ambient air quality and cardiopulmonary health in adults and children: protocol for a panel study. BMJ Open. (2019);9(6):e029490. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-029490
  • Lyu JC, Huang P, Jiang N, Ling PM. A systematic review of e-cigarette marketing communication: messages, communication channels, and strategies. Int J Environ Res Public Health. (2022);19(15):9263. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19159263
  • Vassey J, Valente T, Barker J, Stanton C, Li D, Laestadius L, et al. E-cigarette brands and social media influencers on Instagram: a social network analysis. Tob Control. (2023);32:e184-e191. https://doi.org/10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2021-057053
  • Lee J, Suttiratana SC, Sen I, Kong G. E-Cigarette marketing on social media: a scoping review. Current Addiction Reports. (2023);10(1):29-37. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40429-022-00463-2
  • Owotomo O, Walley S. The youth e-cigarette epidemic: updates and review of devices, epidemiology and regulation. Curr Probl Pediatr Adolesc Health Care. (2022);52(6):101200. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cppeds.2022.101200
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  • Reporting harmful and potentially harmful constituents in tobacco products and tobacco smoke under section 904(a)(3) of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act. Available from: https://www.fda.gov/regulatory-information/search-fda-guidance-documents/reporting-harmful-and-potentially-harmful-constituents-tobacco-products-and-tobacco-smoke-under
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  • Cooper J, Allen C, Cojocariu C, Runcorn U, Earby U. Comprehensive chemical characterization of e-cigarette liquids using high-resolution Orbitrap GC-MS. Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc. (2019).
  • Bals R, Boyd J, Esposito S, Foronjy R, Hiemstra PS, Jimenez-Ruiz CA, et al. Electronic cigarettes: a task force report from the European Respiratory Society. Eur Respir J. (2019);53(2). https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.01151-2018
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There are 67 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences (Other)
Journal Section Reviews
Authors

Saniye Özcan 0000-0002-5492-0457

Egemen Güvenç Öğüt 0009-0007-6708-1166

Serkan Levent 0000-0003-3692-163X

Nafiz Öncü Can 0000-0003-0280-518X

Publication Date April 30, 2024
Submission Date September 29, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 3 Issue: 1

Cite

Vancouver Özcan S, Öğüt EG, Levent S, Can NÖ. Review of an up-to-date, emphatic, and concise perspective on e-cigarettes. Eur J Life Sci. 2024;3(1):31-43.