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PHYSICOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS, PESTICIDE RESIDUE AND AFLATOXIN CONTAMINATION OF COLD PRESSED PUMPKIN SEED (Cucurbita pepo L.) OILS FROM CENTRAL ANATOLIA REGION OF TURKEY

Year 2017, Volume: 18 Issue: 2, 468 - 483, 30.06.2017
https://doi.org/10.18038/aubtda.286649

Abstract

In this study, physicochemical characteristics, pesticide residues and aflatoxin contaminations of cold pressed pumpkin seed (Cucurbita pepo L.) oils cultivated in four different central Anatolia regions of Turkey, were investigated. Lab-scale screw press machine was used to produce cold pressed pumpkin seed oils and the oil contents were found between 42.8%−47.4% for naked seeds. The physicochemical characteristic (refractive index, viscosity, color value, triglyceride profile analysis, peroxide value, iodine value, free fatty acid, saponification number, unsaponified matter, specific extinction values at 232 and 270 nm) of cold pressed oils were determined by using different analytical techniques. The results showed that there was a non-significant difference between cold pressed pumpkin seed oils from different regions, in terms of physicochemical characteristics. The contents of pesticide residue and aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2 contamination were determined by using validated UHPLC-MS/MS method. The chlorpyrifos pesticide residue was detected under the limit value declared by official authorities for the quality assessment of edible oils. Aflatoxins weren’t detected in any of studied pumpkin seed oils. Therefore, in food industry the positive effect of screw-pressing application could be useful for preservation of bioactive compounds during edible oil production and also enhancing of their functional properties.

References

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  • [2] Lim TK. Cucurbita pepo L. Edible Med. Non-Medicinal Plants. 2012; 3: 281–294.
  • [3] Haiyan Z, Bedgood DR, Bishop AG, Prenzler PD, Robards K. Endogenous biophenol, fatty acid and volatile profiles of selected oils. Food Chem 2007; 100: 1544–1551.
  • [4] Caili F, Huan S, Quanhong L. A review on pharmacological activities and utilization technologies of pumpkin. Plant Foods Hum Nutr 2006; 61:73–80.
  • [5] Rabrenovi BB, Dimi EB, Novakovi MM, Tešević VV, Basić ZN. The most important bioactive components of cold pressed oil from different pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L.) seeds. LWT-Food Sci Technol 2014; 55, 521–527.
  • [6] Nederal S, Škevin D, Kraljić K, Obranović M, Papeša S, Bataljaku A. Chemical composition and oxidative stability of roasted and cold pressed pumpkin seed oils. J Am Oil Chem Soc 2012; 89, 1763–1770.
  • [7] Codex Standard for Edible Fats and Oils not covered by Individual Standards (CODEX STAN 19-1981; Rev. 2 –1999).
  • [8] Boaduo NKK, Katerere D, Eloff JN, Naidoo V. Evaluation of six plant species used traditionally in the treatment and control of diabetes mellitus in South Africa using in vitro methods. Pharm Biol 2014; 52: 756–761.
  • [9] Jafari M, Goli SAH, Rahimmalek M. The chemical composition of the seeds of Iranian pumpkin cultivars and physicochemical characteristics of the oil extract. Eur J Lipid Sci Technol 2012; 114:161–167.
  • [10] Hammer KA, Carson CF, Riley TV. Antimicrobial activity of essential oils and other plant extracts. J Appl Microbiol 1999; 86: 985–990.
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  • [14] SANTE/EU/2007/3131, Method Validation and Quality Control Procedures for Pesticide Residues Analysis in food and feed. SANCO/10232/2006, http://crl-pesticides.eu/library/docs/allcrl/AqcGuidance_Sanco_2007_3131.pdf, accessed on 18.08.2016.
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  • [16] ISO 734-1, Oilseeds-determination of moisture and volatile matter content. International Organization for Standardization, 2000; Geneva (ISO 734-1).
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  • [19] ISO/IEC 17025, General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories. International Organization for Standardization, 2005; Geneva (ISO/IEC 17025).
  • [20] Yang LX, Liu YP, Miao H, Dong B, Yang N, Chang F, Yang L, Sun J. Determination of aflatoxins in edible oil from markets in Hebei Province of China by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Food Addit Contam Part B-Surveillance 2011; 4: 244–247.
  • [21] Shi Y, Lafontaine C, Espourteille F. Detection of Mycotoxins in Corn Meal Extract Using Automated Online Sample Preparation with LC-MS/MS. https://tools.thermofisher.com/content/sfs/brochures/AN63403_MycotoxinsTLX1_FINAL(2).pdf, Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc. Application Note: 523, 2011 accessed on 18.08.2016.
  • [22] Esuoso K, Lutz H, Kutubuddin M, Bayer E. Chemical composition and potential of some underutilized tropical biomass. I: Fluted pumpkin (Telfairia occidentalis). Food Chem 1998; 61: 487–492.
  • [23] Murkovic M, Hillebrand A, Winkler J, Leitner E, Pfannbauser W. Variability of fatty acid content in pumpkin seeds (Cucurbita pepo L.). Z Lebensm Unters Forsch 1996; 203: 216–219.
  • [24] Vasconcellos JA, Bemis WP, Berry JM, Weber CW. The buffalo gourd, Cucurbita foetidissima HBK, as a source of edible oil. J Am Oil Chem Soc 1981; 9: 55–68.
  • [25] Idouraine A, Kohlhepp EA, Weber CW, Martinez-Tellez JJ. Nutrient Constituents from Eight Lines of Naked Seed Squash (Cucurbita pepo L.). J Agric Food Chem 1996; 44: 721–724.
  • [26] Young KM, Kim EJ, Kim YN, Choi CLB. Comparison of the chemical compositions and nutritive values of various pumpkin (Cucurbitaceae) species and parts. Nutr Res Pract 2012; 6: 21–27.
  • [27] Arslan FN, Sapcı AN, Duru F, Kara H. A study on monitoring of frying performance and oxidative stability of cottonseed and palm oil blends in comparison with original oils. Int J Food Prop 2016; doi: 10.1080/10942912.2016.1177544.
  • [28] Tsaknis J, Lalas S, Lazos ES. Characterization of crude and purified pumpkin seed oil. Grasas Aceites 1997; 48: 267–272.
  • [29] Rezig L, Chouaibi M, Msaada K, Hamdi S. Chemical composition and profile characterisation of pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima) seed oil. Ind Crop Prod 2012; 37: 82–87.
  • [30] Naziri E, Mitić MN, Tsimidou MZ. Contribution of tocopherols and squalene to the oxidative stability of cold-pressed pumkin seed oil (Cucurbita pepo L.). Eur J Lipid Sci Technol 2016; 118: 898–905.
  • [31] Fruhwirth GO, Hermetter A. Production technology and characteristics of Styrian pumpkin seed oil. Eur J Lipid Sci Technol 2008; 110: 637–644.
  • [32] Butinar B, Bucar-Miklavcic M, Valencic V, Raspor P. Stereospecific analysis of triacylglycerols as a useful means to evaluate genuineness of pumpkin seed oils: Lesson from virgin olive oil analyses. J Agric Food Chem 2010; 58: 5227–5234.
  • [33] Kmeller B, Pareja L, Ferrer C, Fodor P, Fernández-Alba AR. Study of the effects of operational parameters on multiresidue pesticide analysis by LC-MS/MS. Talanta 2011; 84: 262–273.
  • [34] Ruiqian L, Qian Y, Thanaboripat D, Thansukon P. Biocontrol of Aspergillus flavus and aflatoxin production. Iran J Environ Heal Sci Eng 2004; 4: 1685–2044.
Year 2017, Volume: 18 Issue: 2, 468 - 483, 30.06.2017
https://doi.org/10.18038/aubtda.286649

Abstract

References

  • [1] Tadmor Y, Paris HS, Meir A. Dual role of the pigmentation gene B in affecting carotenoid and vitamin E content in squash (Cucurbita pepo) mesocarp. J Agric Food Chem 2005; 53: 9759–9763.
  • [2] Lim TK. Cucurbita pepo L. Edible Med. Non-Medicinal Plants. 2012; 3: 281–294.
  • [3] Haiyan Z, Bedgood DR, Bishop AG, Prenzler PD, Robards K. Endogenous biophenol, fatty acid and volatile profiles of selected oils. Food Chem 2007; 100: 1544–1551.
  • [4] Caili F, Huan S, Quanhong L. A review on pharmacological activities and utilization technologies of pumpkin. Plant Foods Hum Nutr 2006; 61:73–80.
  • [5] Rabrenovi BB, Dimi EB, Novakovi MM, Tešević VV, Basić ZN. The most important bioactive components of cold pressed oil from different pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L.) seeds. LWT-Food Sci Technol 2014; 55, 521–527.
  • [6] Nederal S, Škevin D, Kraljić K, Obranović M, Papeša S, Bataljaku A. Chemical composition and oxidative stability of roasted and cold pressed pumpkin seed oils. J Am Oil Chem Soc 2012; 89, 1763–1770.
  • [7] Codex Standard for Edible Fats and Oils not covered by Individual Standards (CODEX STAN 19-1981; Rev. 2 –1999).
  • [8] Boaduo NKK, Katerere D, Eloff JN, Naidoo V. Evaluation of six plant species used traditionally in the treatment and control of diabetes mellitus in South Africa using in vitro methods. Pharm Biol 2014; 52: 756–761.
  • [9] Jafari M, Goli SAH, Rahimmalek M. The chemical composition of the seeds of Iranian pumpkin cultivars and physicochemical characteristics of the oil extract. Eur J Lipid Sci Technol 2012; 114:161–167.
  • [10] Hammer KA, Carson CF, Riley TV. Antimicrobial activity of essential oils and other plant extracts. J Appl Microbiol 1999; 86: 985–990.
  • [11] Yu L, Parry JWZK. In: Bailey’s Industrial Oil and Fat Products. (6th edn. Wiley, USA, 2005, pp. 250–252.
  • [12] Andjelkovic M, Van Camp J, Trawka A, Verhé R. Phenolic compounds and some quality parameters of pumpkin seed oil. Eur J Lipid Sci Technol 2010; 112: 208–217.
  • [13] Murkovic M, Pfannhauser W. Stability of pumpkin seed oil. Eur J Lipid Sci Technol 2000; 102: 607–611.
  • [14] SANTE/EU/2007/3131, Method Validation and Quality Control Procedures for Pesticide Residues Analysis in food and feed. SANCO/10232/2006, http://crl-pesticides.eu/library/docs/allcrl/AqcGuidance_Sanco_2007_3131.pdf, accessed on 18.08.2016.
  • [15] ISO 665, Oilseed meals-determination of oil content-Part 1: Extraction method with hexane (or light petroleum). International Organization for Standardization, 2006; Geneva (ISO 665).
  • [16] ISO 734-1, Oilseeds-determination of moisture and volatile matter content. International Organization for Standardization, 2000; Geneva (ISO 734-1).
  • [17] Firestone, D. Official methods and recommended practices of the AOCS. American Oil Chemists' Society, 2009.
  • [18] AOAC International Official Method 2007.01, Pesticide Residues in Foods by Acetonitrile Extraction and Partitioning with Magnesium Sulfate. Off Methods Anal AOAC 2011; 90: 17 – 26.
  • [19] ISO/IEC 17025, General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories. International Organization for Standardization, 2005; Geneva (ISO/IEC 17025).
  • [20] Yang LX, Liu YP, Miao H, Dong B, Yang N, Chang F, Yang L, Sun J. Determination of aflatoxins in edible oil from markets in Hebei Province of China by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Food Addit Contam Part B-Surveillance 2011; 4: 244–247.
  • [21] Shi Y, Lafontaine C, Espourteille F. Detection of Mycotoxins in Corn Meal Extract Using Automated Online Sample Preparation with LC-MS/MS. https://tools.thermofisher.com/content/sfs/brochures/AN63403_MycotoxinsTLX1_FINAL(2).pdf, Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc. Application Note: 523, 2011 accessed on 18.08.2016.
  • [22] Esuoso K, Lutz H, Kutubuddin M, Bayer E. Chemical composition and potential of some underutilized tropical biomass. I: Fluted pumpkin (Telfairia occidentalis). Food Chem 1998; 61: 487–492.
  • [23] Murkovic M, Hillebrand A, Winkler J, Leitner E, Pfannbauser W. Variability of fatty acid content in pumpkin seeds (Cucurbita pepo L.). Z Lebensm Unters Forsch 1996; 203: 216–219.
  • [24] Vasconcellos JA, Bemis WP, Berry JM, Weber CW. The buffalo gourd, Cucurbita foetidissima HBK, as a source of edible oil. J Am Oil Chem Soc 1981; 9: 55–68.
  • [25] Idouraine A, Kohlhepp EA, Weber CW, Martinez-Tellez JJ. Nutrient Constituents from Eight Lines of Naked Seed Squash (Cucurbita pepo L.). J Agric Food Chem 1996; 44: 721–724.
  • [26] Young KM, Kim EJ, Kim YN, Choi CLB. Comparison of the chemical compositions and nutritive values of various pumpkin (Cucurbitaceae) species and parts. Nutr Res Pract 2012; 6: 21–27.
  • [27] Arslan FN, Sapcı AN, Duru F, Kara H. A study on monitoring of frying performance and oxidative stability of cottonseed and palm oil blends in comparison with original oils. Int J Food Prop 2016; doi: 10.1080/10942912.2016.1177544.
  • [28] Tsaknis J, Lalas S, Lazos ES. Characterization of crude and purified pumpkin seed oil. Grasas Aceites 1997; 48: 267–272.
  • [29] Rezig L, Chouaibi M, Msaada K, Hamdi S. Chemical composition and profile characterisation of pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima) seed oil. Ind Crop Prod 2012; 37: 82–87.
  • [30] Naziri E, Mitić MN, Tsimidou MZ. Contribution of tocopherols and squalene to the oxidative stability of cold-pressed pumkin seed oil (Cucurbita pepo L.). Eur J Lipid Sci Technol 2016; 118: 898–905.
  • [31] Fruhwirth GO, Hermetter A. Production technology and characteristics of Styrian pumpkin seed oil. Eur J Lipid Sci Technol 2008; 110: 637–644.
  • [32] Butinar B, Bucar-Miklavcic M, Valencic V, Raspor P. Stereospecific analysis of triacylglycerols as a useful means to evaluate genuineness of pumpkin seed oils: Lesson from virgin olive oil analyses. J Agric Food Chem 2010; 58: 5227–5234.
  • [33] Kmeller B, Pareja L, Ferrer C, Fodor P, Fernández-Alba AR. Study of the effects of operational parameters on multiresidue pesticide analysis by LC-MS/MS. Talanta 2011; 84: 262–273.
  • [34] Ruiqian L, Qian Y, Thanaboripat D, Thansukon P. Biocontrol of Aspergillus flavus and aflatoxin production. Iran J Environ Heal Sci Eng 2004; 4: 1685–2044.
There are 34 citations in total.

Details

Subjects Engineering
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Fatma Nur Arslan

Gönül Akin This is me

İbrahim Yılmaz

Publication Date June 30, 2017
Published in Issue Year 2017 Volume: 18 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Arslan, F. N., Akin, G., & Yılmaz, İ. (2017). PHYSICOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS, PESTICIDE RESIDUE AND AFLATOXIN CONTAMINATION OF COLD PRESSED PUMPKIN SEED (Cucurbita pepo L.) OILS FROM CENTRAL ANATOLIA REGION OF TURKEY. Anadolu University Journal of Science and Technology A - Applied Sciences and Engineering, 18(2), 468-483. https://doi.org/10.18038/aubtda.286649
AMA Arslan FN, Akin G, Yılmaz İ. PHYSICOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS, PESTICIDE RESIDUE AND AFLATOXIN CONTAMINATION OF COLD PRESSED PUMPKIN SEED (Cucurbita pepo L.) OILS FROM CENTRAL ANATOLIA REGION OF TURKEY. AUJST-A. June 2017;18(2):468-483. doi:10.18038/aubtda.286649
Chicago Arslan, Fatma Nur, Gönül Akin, and İbrahim Yılmaz. “PHYSICOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS, PESTICIDE RESIDUE AND AFLATOXIN CONTAMINATION OF COLD PRESSED PUMPKIN SEED (Cucurbita Pepo L.) OILS FROM CENTRAL ANATOLIA REGION OF TURKEY”. Anadolu University Journal of Science and Technology A - Applied Sciences and Engineering 18, no. 2 (June 2017): 468-83. https://doi.org/10.18038/aubtda.286649.
EndNote Arslan FN, Akin G, Yılmaz İ (June 1, 2017) PHYSICOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS, PESTICIDE RESIDUE AND AFLATOXIN CONTAMINATION OF COLD PRESSED PUMPKIN SEED (Cucurbita pepo L.) OILS FROM CENTRAL ANATOLIA REGION OF TURKEY. Anadolu University Journal of Science and Technology A - Applied Sciences and Engineering 18 2 468–483.
IEEE F. N. Arslan, G. Akin, and İ. Yılmaz, “PHYSICOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS, PESTICIDE RESIDUE AND AFLATOXIN CONTAMINATION OF COLD PRESSED PUMPKIN SEED (Cucurbita pepo L.) OILS FROM CENTRAL ANATOLIA REGION OF TURKEY”, AUJST-A, vol. 18, no. 2, pp. 468–483, 2017, doi: 10.18038/aubtda.286649.
ISNAD Arslan, Fatma Nur et al. “PHYSICOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS, PESTICIDE RESIDUE AND AFLATOXIN CONTAMINATION OF COLD PRESSED PUMPKIN SEED (Cucurbita Pepo L.) OILS FROM CENTRAL ANATOLIA REGION OF TURKEY”. Anadolu University Journal of Science and Technology A - Applied Sciences and Engineering 18/2 (June 2017), 468-483. https://doi.org/10.18038/aubtda.286649.
JAMA Arslan FN, Akin G, Yılmaz İ. PHYSICOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS, PESTICIDE RESIDUE AND AFLATOXIN CONTAMINATION OF COLD PRESSED PUMPKIN SEED (Cucurbita pepo L.) OILS FROM CENTRAL ANATOLIA REGION OF TURKEY. AUJST-A. 2017;18:468–483.
MLA Arslan, Fatma Nur et al. “PHYSICOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS, PESTICIDE RESIDUE AND AFLATOXIN CONTAMINATION OF COLD PRESSED PUMPKIN SEED (Cucurbita Pepo L.) OILS FROM CENTRAL ANATOLIA REGION OF TURKEY”. Anadolu University Journal of Science and Technology A - Applied Sciences and Engineering, vol. 18, no. 2, 2017, pp. 468-83, doi:10.18038/aubtda.286649.
Vancouver Arslan FN, Akin G, Yılmaz İ. PHYSICOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS, PESTICIDE RESIDUE AND AFLATOXIN CONTAMINATION OF COLD PRESSED PUMPKIN SEED (Cucurbita pepo L.) OILS FROM CENTRAL ANATOLIA REGION OF TURKEY. AUJST-A. 2017;18(2):468-83.